Correlations Between Fasciology and Yin Yang Doctrine

Hui Tao,Mei-chun Yu,Hui-ying Yang,Rong-mei Qu,Chun Yang,Xin Zhou,Yu Bai,Jing-peng Wu,Jun Wang,Ou Sha,Lin Yuan 사단법인약침학회 2011 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.4 No.2

The aim of this study is to explore the correlations between fasciology and yin yang doctrine. Professor Yuan developed fasciology by three-dimensional reconstruction of connective tissue (fascia) in the trunk and limbs of the human body and tracing back to tissue origins in light of biological evolution and developmental biology. Fasciology states that the human body can be divided into two systems: the supporting-storing system and the functional system. This article elaborates on the roles of the two systems and their mutual relationship. The two systems are used to analyze the yin,the yang, and their relationship. The two systems are promoted but also restricted in different contexts. The supporting-storing system is formed by undifferentiated connective tissue and provides undifferentiated cells and nutrients for differentiated cells of the functional system. Thus, the supporting-storing system could be classified as quiet, similar to yin. The functional system continuously maintains the various functional activities of the human body. Thus, the functional system could be classified as active, similar to yang. In interpreting the yin yang doctrine from the point of view of fasciology, yin can be compared with the supporting-storing system and yang can be compared with the functional system.

Thyroid-Associated Orbitopathy: Evaluating Microstructural Changes of Extraocular Muscles and Optic Nerves Using Readout-Segmented Echo-Planar Imaging-Based Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Huan-Huan Chen,Hao Hu,Wen Chen,Dai Cui,Xiao-Quan Xu,Fei-Yun Wu,Tao Yang 대한영상의학회 2020 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.21 No.3

Objective: We aimed to investigate the ability of readout-segmented echo-planar imaging (rs-EPI)-based diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in assessing the microstructural change of extraocular muscles (EOMs) and optic nerves in patients with thyroidassociated orbitopathy (TAO) as well as in evaluating disease activity. Materials and Methods: We enrolled 35 TAO patients and 22 healthy controls (HCs) who underwent pre-treatment rs-EPIbased DTI. Mean, axial, and radial diffusivity (MD, AD, and RD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) of the medial and lateral EOMs and optic nerve for each orbit were calculated and compared between TAO and HC groups and between active and inactive TAO groups. Factors such as age, sex, disease duration, mediation, and smoking history between groups were also compared. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the predictive value of significant variables for disease activity. Results: Disease duration was significantly shorter in active TAOs than in inactive ones (p < 0.001). TAO patients showed significantly lower FA and higher MD, AD, and RD than HCs for both medial and lateral EOMs (p < 0.001), but not the AD value of lateral EOMs (p = 0.619). Active patients had significantly higher FA, MD, and AD than inactive patients for medial EOMs (p < 0.005), whereas only FA differed significantly in the lateral EOMs (p = 0.018). The MD, AD, and RD of optic nerves were significantly lower in TAO patients than HCs (p < 0.05), except for FA (p = 0.129). Multivariate analysis showed that the MD of medial EOMs and disease duration were significant predictors for disease activity. The combination of these two parameters showed optimal diagnostic efficiency for disease activity (area under the curve, 0.855; sensitivity, 68.4%; specificity, 96.9%). Conclusion: rs-EPI-based DTI is promising in assessing microstructural changes of EOMs and optic nerves and can help to indicate the disease activity of TAO, especially through the MD of medial EOMs.

Reliability Analysis and Prediction for Product Design Based on Feature Similarity

Tao Yang,Yu Yang,Yao Jiao 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Database Theory and Appli Vol.7 No.5

During product design phase, aiming at the problem of lacking reliability data, lower of product reliability, feature similarity-based new product design reliability analysis and prediction model were proposed. Putting the new product features as an evaluation objectives, an approach named Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution(TOPSIS) was established firstly for selecting similar features products; Then, in order to realize the reliability analysis relational mapping with the new product design, the failure structure of the similar features products was quantified and the product failure structure matrix (FSM) was established, respectively; Afterwards, the Group Decision Making Method (GDMM) was presented for determining the improvement factor of the similar features products failure causes, on that basis, the new product features failure structure was generated to predict the reliability of new designing products. Finally, feasibility and effectiveness of the model were verified through an example of new Smart Mobile Phone product design.

Crystal facet engineering induced anisotropic transport of charge carriers in a perovskite

Yang, Hewei,Zhou, Yunzhan,Yang, Yijun,Yi, Ding,Ye, Tao,Lam, Tran Dai,Golberg, Dmitri,Bao, Bate,Yao, Jiannian,Wang, Xi The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Journal of Materials Chemistry C Vol.6 No.43

<P>Precise control of crystal orientations and macroscopic morphology of a perovskite crystal is crucial for various optoelectronic applications relying on charge carrier transport tuning along exposed crystal facets. Here, taking methylammonium lead bromide (CH3NH3PbBr3) as an example, and employing a novel crystal facet engineering method, we successfully construct two kinds of perovskite crystals with exposed {001} and {110} facets. We find that the free carriers’ photoluminescence lifetime on the {001} facets can be 3 times longer than that on {110} facets. The related mechanisms are investigated <I>via</I> fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy and <I>in situ</I> transmission electron microscopy. These indicate that the different trap state density of exposed facets and crystal structure changing of CH3NH3PbBr3 under light and electron beam irradiation lead to the differences in carrier transport along different facets. By distinguishing the charge carrier transport on different CH3NH3PbBr3 exposed facets, micro-photodetectors have been constructed. A device fabricated with the {001} exposed facets exhibited two orders of magnitude higher photocurrent and half as much dark current as a {110} facet-based device. Thus, the crystal facet engineering of perovskites can be widely adopted for understanding physical/chemical properties of perovskite crystals and provides great potential for novel perovskite optoelectronic device applications.</P>

Optimal User Density and Power Allocation for Device-to-Device Communication Underlaying Cellular Networks

( Yang Yang ),( Ziyang Liu ),( Boao Min ),( Tao Peng ),( Wenbo Wang ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2015 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.9 No.2

This paper analyzes the optimal user density and power allocation for Device-to-Device (D2D) communication underlaying cellular networks on multiple bands with the target of maximizing the D2D transmission capacity. The entire network is modeled by Poisson point process (PPP) which based on stochastic geometry. Then in order to ensure the outage probabilities of both cellular and D2D communication, a sum capacity optimization problem for D2D system on multiple bands is proposed. Using convex optimization, the optimal D2D density is obtained in closed-form when the D2D transmission power is determined. Next the optimal D2D transmission power is obtained in closed-form when the D2D density is fixed. Based on the former two conclusions, an iterative algorithm for the optimal D2D density and power allocation on multiple bands is proposed. Finally, the simulation results not only demonstrate the D2D performance, density and power on each band are constrained by cellular communication as well as the interference of the entire system, but also verifies the superiority of the proposed algorithm over sorting-based and removal algorithms.

Is Hepatectomy for Huge Hepatocellular Carcinoma (≥10cm in Diameter) Safe and Effective? A Single-center Experience

Yang, Jian,Li, Chuan,Wen, Tian-Fu,Yan, Lu-Nan,Li, Bo,Wang, Wen-Tao,Yang, Jia-Yin,Xu, Ming-Qing Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.17

Background: This retrospective study aimed to validate the safety and effectiveness of hepatectomy for huge hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Materials and Methods: Data of patients who underwent hepatectomy for HCC between January 2006 and December 2012 were reviewed. The patients were divided into three groups: huge HCC(${\geq}10cm$ in diameter), large HCC(${\geq}5$ but<10 cm in diameter) and small HCC(<5cm in diameter). Results: Characteristics of pre-operative patients in all three groups were homogeneously distributed except for alpha fetal protein (AFP)(p<0.001).The 30, 60, 90-day post-operative mortality rates were not different among the three groups (p=0.785, p=0.560, and p=0.549). Laboratory data at 1, 3, and 7 days after surgery also did not vary. The 5-year overall survival (OS) and 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rates in the huge and large HCC groups were lower than that of the small HCC group (OS: 32.5% vs 36.3% vs 71.2%, p=0.000; DFS: 20.0% vs 24.8% vs 40.7%, p=0.039), but there was no difference between the huge and large HCC groups (OS: 32.5% vs 36.3%, p=0.667; DFS: 20.0% vs 24.8%, p=0.540). In multivariate analysis, five independent poor prognostic factors that affected OS were significantly associated with worse survival (p<0.05), namely, AFP level, macrovascular invasion, Edmondsone Steiner grade, surgical margin and Ishak score. AFP level, macrovascular invasion, microvascular invasion, and surgical margin influenced disease-free survival independently (p<0.05). Conclusions: The safety of hepatectomy for huge HCC is similar to that for large and small HCC; and this approach for huge HCC may achieve similar long-term survival and disease-free survival as for large HCC.

Systematic Design of Current Control System for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors

Tao Yang,Dale E. Schinstock 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2013 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.11 No.6

This paper presents a systematic system design procedure of the current control system for permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSM). Through the linear quadratic optimization design for the first order plus time delay plant controlled by a PI controller, a set of empirical formulas are found for the controller gains and the resulting closed-loop system characteristics. A systematic design procedure for the PMSM current control system is developed based on these empirical formulas, which results in a system design optimized for the chosen optimization criterion and yet with low hardware requirements including a low digital sampling rate and a low PWM update frequency.

Nitric oxide synthase inhibitors: a review of patents from 2011 to the present

Yang, Yanyan,Yu, Tao,Lian, Yu-ji,Ma, Rujun,Yang, Sungjae,Cho, Jae Youl Informa UK, Ltd. 2015 Expert opinion on therapeutic patents Vol.25 No.1

<P><B><I>Introduction:</I></B> Nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) are a family of enzymes that play an essential role in synthesizing nitric oxide (NO) by oxidizing <SMALL>L</SMALL>-arginine. As previously reported, NO is a significant mediator in cellular signaling pathways. It serves as a crucial regulator in insulin secretion, vascular tone, peristalsis, angiogenesis, neural development and inflammation. Due to its important role, the inhibition of these vital enzymes provides, as tools, the opportunity to gain an insight into potential therapeutic applications targeting NOSs.</P><P><B><I>Areas covered:</I></B> This paper reviews the patent literature between 2011 and mid-2014 that specified inhibitors of NOS family members as the significant targets. Google and Baidu search engines were used to find relevant patents and clinical information using NOSs or NOS inhibitor as search terms.</P><P><B><I>Expert opinion:</I></B> Considerable recent progress has been made in the development of NOS inhibitors with pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and such development is likely to continue. The patented compounds attenuated mostly embodying evidence from <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I> trials that demonstrate good potential for future clinical human trials and industrial applications. Furthermore, new techniques such as X-ray ligand crystallographic study and structure-activity relationship were popularly utilized, which give new insights for developing novel, safe, efficient and selective NOS inhibitors.</P>

Conflict Analysis between Task Iteration and Design Capabilities in Collaborative Product Development

Tao Yang,Yu Yang,Cheng Meng Xue 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.8 No.2

Purification and Structure Analysis of Mycolic Acids in Corynebacterium glutamicum

Yang Yang,Feng Shi,Guanjun Tao,Xiaoyuan Wang 한국미생물학회 2012 The journal of microbiology Vol.50 No.2

Corynebacterium glutamicum is widely used for producing amino acids. Mycolic acids, the major components in the cell wall of C. glutamicum might be closely related to the secretion of amino acids. In this study, mycolic acids were extracted from 5 strains of C. glutamicum, including ATCC 13032,ATCC 13869, ATCC 14067, L-isoleucine producing strain IWJ-1, and L-valine producing strain VWJ-1. Structures of these mycolic acids were analyzed using thin layer chromatography and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. More than twenty molecular species of mycolic acid were observed in all 5 strains. They differ in the length (20–40carbons) and saturation (0–3 double bonds) of their constituent fatty acids. The dominant species of mycolic acid in every strain was different, but their two hydrocarbon chains were similar in length (14–18 carbons), and the meromycolate chain usually contained double bonds. As the growth temperature of cells increased from 30°C to 34°C, the proportion of mycolic acid species containing unsaturated and shorter hydrocarbon chains increased. These results provide new information on mycolic acids in C. glutamicum,and could be useful for modifying the cell wall to increase the production of amino acids.