Quantitative Resting State Electroencephalography in Patients with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders Treated with Strict Monotherapy Using Atypical Antipsychotics

Takashi Ozaki,Atsuhito Toyomaki,Naoki Hashimoto,Ichiro Kusumi 대한정신약물학회 2021 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.19 No.2

Objective: The effect of antipsychotic drugs on quantitative electroencephalography (EEG) has been mainly examined by the administration of a single test dose or among patients using combinations of other psychotropic drugs. We therefore investigated the effects of strict monotherapy with antipsychotic drugs on quantitative EEG among schizophrenia patients. Methods: Data from 2,364 medical reports with EEG results from psychiatric patients admitted to the Hokkaido University Hospital were used. We extracted EEG records of patients who were diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and who were either undergoing strict antipsychotic monotherapy or were completely free of psychotropic drugs. The spectral power was compared between drug-free patients and patients using antipsychotic drugs. We also performed multiple regression analysis to evaluate the relationship between spectral power and the chlorpromazine equivalent daily dose of antipsychotics in all the patients. Results: We included 31 monotherapy and 20 drug-free patients. Compared with drug-free patients, patients receiving antipsychotic drugs demonstrated significant increases in theta, alpha and beta power. When patients taking different types of antipsychotics were compared with drug-free patients, we found no significant change in any spectrum power for the aripiprazole or blonanserin groups. Patients taking risperidone demonstrated significant increases in alpha and beta power. Patients taking clozapine and olanzapine demonstrated significant slow wave increases. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the chlorpromazine equivalent dose was positively associated with theta power. Conclusion: Use of any antipsychotic drug by patients was associated with a dose-dependent increase in theta power. However, each type of antipsychotic demonstrated different spectral power changes.

Low-speed Wake Analysis of Supersonic Biplane

Shuichi Ozaki,Masahito Yonezawa,Naoshi Kuratani,Toshihiro Ogawa,Shigeru Obayashi,Takashi Matsuno,Hiromitsu Kawazoe 한국항공우주학회 2008 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

This study was focused on the profile drag estimation from the wake survey of the now field with the wind tunnel testing. The experimental investigation was conducted with the low turbulence wind tunnel to estimate the profile drag coefficient of the supersonic biplane from the pressure loss in the wake of the model. The surveys were conducted behind the supersonic biplane model whose airfoil could realize the shock wave cancellation at design Mach number 1.7. The two-dimensional CFD simulations were also conducted to compare with the experimental results. The reduction of the test data by Jones equation gave the profile drag coefficients agreed with those obtained from the CFD simulations at zero lift conditions. However, at lifting conditions. the experimental results and the CFD results didn't agree. In this study, the profile drag characteristics of the supersonic biplane were discussed based on these results.

Calcitonin induces connective tissue growth factor through ERK1/2 signaling in renal tubular cells

Misa Nakamura,Takashi Ozaki,Aiko Ishii,Masayoshi Konishi,Yuji Tsubota,Toru Furui,Hayato Tsuda,Ichiro Mori,Kiichiro Ota,Kennichi Kakudo 생화학분자생물학회 2009 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.41 No.5

Calcitonin (CT), a polypeptide hormone, plays important roles in a variety of physiological processes. CT has been used clinically to treat osteoporosis and humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy. In order to clarify the pharmacological effects of CT in the kidney, we identified potential downstream genes induced by CT in the renal cells. Using a cDNA subtraction hybridization method, we identified connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) as a CT-induced gene in the porcine renal cell line, LLC-PK1. Furthermore, we found that CT-mediated induction of the gene was not inhibited by cycloheximide, which suggests that CTGF gene was not induced by an increased synthesis of regulating proteins. Therefore, CTGF is an immediate early gene. We further demonstrated that the regulation of CTGF gene expression by CT involved the ERK1/2 pathway, because PD98059, a MEK1 inhibitor, partially inhibited the mRNA expression of CTGF induced by CT. CT-induced CTGF protein expression was also observed in vivo. Our present findings suggest that CT induces the transcription of CTGF through ERK1/2 phosphorylation. We also identified twelve other genes induced by CT that, like CTGF, were related to wound healing. These results suggest that CT may have an effect on renal differentiation and wound healing in the kidney. Calcitonin (CT), a polypeptide hormone, plays important roles in a variety of physiological processes. CT has been used clinically to treat osteoporosis and humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy. In order to clarify the pharmacological effects of CT in the kidney, we identified potential downstream genes induced by CT in the renal cells. Using a cDNA subtraction hybridization method, we identified connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) as a CT-induced gene in the porcine renal cell line, LLC-PK1. Furthermore, we found that CT-mediated induction of the gene was not inhibited by cycloheximide, which suggests that CTGF gene was not induced by an increased synthesis of regulating proteins. Therefore, CTGF is an immediate early gene. We further demonstrated that the regulation of CTGF gene expression by CT involved the ERK1/2 pathway, because PD98059, a MEK1 inhibitor, partially inhibited the mRNA expression of CTGF induced by CT. CT-induced CTGF protein expression was also observed in vivo. Our present findings suggest that CT induces the transcription of CTGF through ERK1/2 phosphorylation. We also identified twelve other genes induced by CT that, like CTGF, were related to wound healing. These results suggest that CT may have an effect on renal differentiation and wound healing in the kidney.

Natural History of Chronic Intestinal Pseudo-obstruction and Need for Palliative Care

Kosuke Tanaka,Hidenori Ohkubo,Atsushi Yamamoto,Kota Takahashi,Yuki Kasai,Anna Ozaki,Michihiro Iwaki,Takashi Kobayashi,Tsutomu Yoshihara,Noboru Misawa,Akiko Fuyuki,Shingo Kato,Takuma Higurashi,Kunihiro 대한소화기 기능성질환∙운동학회 2023 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.29 No.3

Background/AimsNatural history of chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO), a rare disease characterized by episodes of non-mechanical obstruction, is unclear in adults. This study evaluates the clinical course of CIPO and palliative care needs of patients. MethodsFrom October 2010 to September 2021, 74 patients who underwent cine MRI and had a definitive diagnosis of CIPO were prospectively included. We investigated disease etiology and outcomes, age at onset, nutritional status at consultation (body mass index and serum albumin), hydrogen breath test results, and total parenteral nutrition (TPN) during the disease course. ResultsForty-seven patients (64%) were women, with a mean age of 44 years at onset and 49 years at diagnosis. Primary CIPO was observed in 48 patients (65%). Secondary CIPO was observed in 26 cases (35%), of whom 18 (69%) had scleroderma. The mean body mass index, serum albumin level, and hydrogen breath test positivity rate were 17 kg/m2, 3.8 mg/dL, and 60%, respectively. TPN and invasive decompression therapy were required by 23 (31%) and 18 (24%) patients, respectively. Intestinal sterilization was performed in 51 (69%) patients and was effective in 33 (65%); of these, 28 (85%) were taking metronidazole. Seven (9%) patients used opioids. There were 9 deaths (12%), including 5 (56%) from infection and 2 (22%) from suicide. Of the deaths, 6 (67%) and 4 (44%) underwent TPN management and decompression therapy, respectively. Fifty-one patients (69%) wanted palliative care. ConclusionCIPO is a rare, severe, and under-recognized disease. Standardization of treatment strategies, including palliative care and psychiatric interventions, is desired.

Discovery of Serological Glycobiomarker Candidates for Liver Disease Progression using Glycoproteomics Technology

Hiroyuki Kaji,Akira Togayachi,Makoto Ochou,Maki Sogabe,Takashi Okura,Hirofumi Nozaki,Takashi Angata,Yasunori Chiba,Hidenori Ozaki,Atsushi Kuno,Yasuhito Tanaka,Yuzuru Ikehara,Masashi Mizokami,Hisashi N 한국당과학회 2012 한국당과학회 학술대회 Vol.2012 No.1

We present here a high-throughput strategy to discover serological biomarkers for early-detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our strategy is also applicable to assess the progressed liver fibrosis that is associated with virus hepatitis. The glycan structure on glycoproteins derived from cancerous cells is known to be different from that derived from normal cells, specifically, the increased aberrant glycosylation appears in patient serum with virus hepatitis along with either or both the initiation and progression. Based on the above perceptions, in order to identify glycoproteins carrying aberrant glycosylation in serum of liver disease patients, we analyzed lectin-captured glycopeptides by the IGOT method. Many glycoproteins carrying altered glycans were successfully identified. The increased amount of these glycoproteins was clinically relevant to the progression of the liver diseases. We are now selecting appropriate molecules depending on the feasibility to detect an abnormality in the liver, such as the occurrence of liver cell neoplasm.