Treatment of Radioactive Liquid Waste by the Forced-AirCirculation System

Tae-κuk Kim,IL Sik Kang,Jong-Sik Shon,Young-Gerl Ryu,Won-Hyuk Jang,Sang-Min Bae,Young-Yong Ji,Dae-Seok Hong,Kyung-Kil Kwak 한국방사성폐기물학회 2011 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.9 No.2

단순 외상 환자에서 퇴원시 설명문이 환자의 이해도에 미치는 영향

장석준,정상원,최성욱,황태식,이한식 대한응급의학회 1996 대한응급의학회지 Vol.7 No.2

The many previous publications have shown the advantages of written discharge instruction over verbal discharge instruction on the basis of comparing the functional illiteracy among emergency department patients. Therefore, authors have conducted a study on the efficacy of written discharge instruction over the verbal discharge instruction of two groups: minor laceration and sprain patients. For the purpose of this study, minor laceration is defined as less than 3 ㎝ laceration on the face or head, or less than 5 ㎝ laceration on extremities. And simple sprains were limited to the extremities. A total of 416 patients who visited Yong Dong Severance Hospital Emergency Care Center were the subject of this study during the period of 2 months from Feb. 1. to Mar. 31. 1996. The study was done prospectively, and patients who entered this study were randomly selected. Simple discharge instruction were made prior to the study and patients were given or verbally told the one of two instruction sets by the emergency medicine resident. After reading or hearing the instructions, each patient was asked to answer four specific questions about them. Statistical significance was examined by t-test and p value of 0.05 or less was considered statistically significant. Mean age for verbal and written instructed group were 26.2 and 25.6 years old. There were 262 and 154 patients in verbal and written instructed group, and the mean score was 2.24±1.20 and 3.42±0.52, respectively. The type of injury was divided into laceration and sprain. Laceration group showed mean score of 2.15±1.23, 3.32±0.51, and sprain group of 2.34±1.16, 3.59±0.50 in verbal and written instruction group, respectively. For the patient younger than 13 years old, discharge instruction was given or described to a guardian. Age less than 13 years old group showed mean score of 2.75±1.11, 3.31±0.48 and more than 13 years old group of 2.10±0.19, 3.34±0.53 in verbal and written instruction group, respectively. The result showed statistical significance between verbal and written instruction group of type of injury and age difference. For the future, simplified written discharge instruction may help and improve the patient`s understanding of the proper management of injury.

골반골절 환자에서 출혈의 정도를 반영하는 분류

황태식,손대곤,김인병,장석준 大韓應急醫學會 1996 대한응급의학회지 Vol.7 No.1

The causes of death of pelvic bone fracture are hemorrhage, associated internal organ injuries, sepsis, and multi-organ failure, among which hemorrhage still remains as the leading cause of death. While previous classification for pelvic bone fracture was focused on orthopedic treatment, Pennel & Sutherland suggested a new classification according to the pelvis AP film took in the emergency room. Since this classification supposedly evaluates hemorrhage from pelvic bone fracture, we are reporting on the efficiency of this classification. Out of all the 150 patients admitted to Yong Dong Severance Hospital Emergency Room from 1992, Jan. through 1994, Dec. due to pelvic bone fracture, 18 people with incomplete medical record and X-ray film excluded from the study. The study was done Cohort method and t-test was used. According to the new classification, the unstable fracture had a much more bleeding amount regardless of the type, and type I stable fracture bled more than all the other stable fracture. These were statistically meaningful. Also, there was no differences in the type of fracture when ISS(Injury Severity Scale), GCS(Glasgow Coma Scale), and associated injury were compared. In conclusion, previous classification was done according to orthopedic treatment and this classification could be done only after pelvis X-ray series and pelvic bone CT was performed. Therefore much more time is consumed, more stress is put upon the patient and no comparisons can be made in performing emergency care. On the other hand, modified Pennel &-Sutherl`s classification can be simply classified in the emergency room by taking pelvis AP film only and the bleeding amount can be measured according to the type. Therefore, this classification can be helpful in performing emergency care.

혈관내피세포 재생과정에 관한 전자현미경적 연구

장금미,김동훈,곽정식,손태중 대한병리학회 1990 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.24 No.4

무지 외반증 환자의 hard insole 착용에 의한 중족지절관절 각도의 변화

임성태,김택훈,최흥식,노정석,김장환 한국전문물리치료학회 2001 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.8 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of donning of a hard insole in patients with hallux valgus. Fourteen subjects were selected from patients with foot pain at Lee Chang-Heon Foot Clinic from August 4,2000 to September 15, 2000. The hallux valgus angle and the first-second intermetatarsal angle were radiographically measured before and after donning the hard insole. Based on these two kinds of angles, a mild hallux valgus deformity group was characterized by the hallux valgus angle of less than 20 degrees, and a moderate hallux valgus deformity group was characterized by the hallux valgus angle of 20 to 40 degrees. After three weeks with the hard insole donned, the foot angles of the patients with hallux valgus were measured again. The data were analyzed by Wilcoxon signed ranks test, and the following results were obtained: 1) After the trial, both mild hallux valgus deformity group and moderate hallux valgus deformity group demonstrated that the hallux valgus angles were significantly decreased. 2) After the trial, mild hallux valgus deformity group demonstrated that the first-second intermetatarsal angle was significantly decreased. 3) After the trial, moderate hallux valgus deformity group demonstrated that the first-second intermetatarsal angle was not significantly decreased. The above findings revealed that according to donning hard insole, the hallux valgus angles of mild and moderate hallux valgus deformity groups and the first-second intermetatarsal angle of mild hallux valgus deformity group were significantly decreased. The results of this study have some limitation for generalization due to the limited number of subjects. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effect of hard insole on hallux valgus with more precise laboratory equipments and measurements in patients with hallux valgus.

충남 서북부 산업재해환자 실태조사

오태식,김용배,리갑수,장봉기,이병국 순천향대학교 산업의학연구소 1998 순천향산업의학 Vol.4 No.1

In order to find out the situation of industrial accidents in area of Choongnam northwest and to obtain the basic materials for prevention of industrial accidents, 647 patient who had industrial accident were selected from five general hospital in Chunan Choognam. All industrial accident cases were analysed to draw characteristic patterns in relation to industrial type, time of industrial accident, age, work duration, site of accidents, degree of accidents. The period of this study was from June 1, 1996 to May 31, 1998. The results of the study were as follows. 1. Frequency rates of accident was 42.0% in manufacturing industries, the highest among industries and followed by 21.5% in construction industries, 14.5% in transport, storage & communications industries, 11.1% in other industries, 10.8% in electricity, gas & water supply industries. 3. while the highest frequency rate of accident by month was 24.4% in March and April, the lowest was 9,1% in November and December. 4. Frequency rate of accident by time was 22.7% in 10:00-11:00. the highest among time and followed by 10.7% in 14:00-15:00. 5. The highest frequency rate of accident by age group was 42.7% in older age group(above 40 years old). 6. While the highest frequency rate of accident by site was 30.9% in hands and feet, the lowest was 9.7% in upper limbs. 7. While the highest frequency rate of accident by duration of treatment was 73.49% in below 1 month, the lowest was 0.9% in above 6 months. 8. While the highest frequency rate of accident by duration of work was 59.4% in below 1 year, the lowest was 2.6% in above 10 years.

간흡충 감염 흰쥐에 대한 알벤다졸의 치료 효과

손운목,장태식 인제대학교 1991 仁濟醫學 Vol.12 No.1

간흡충을 횐쥐에 실험 감염시킨 후 2일, 2주 및 5주에 여러가지 용량의 알벤다졸을 투여하여 충체의 각 발육단계 및 약제용량에 따른 살충 효과를 검토하고자 하였다. 감염 후 2일, 2주, 5주의 발육 단계별 살충율은 각각 26.2∼47.6(평균 39.3) %, 21.4∼54.8(평균 32.2) %,84.3-100(평균 91)%로, 유약충에 비해 성충에 대한 살충율이 높았다. 동일 치료군 내에서는 약제 투여량 및 방법에 따라 살충율의 차이가 뚜렷하지 않았고, 각 치료군 공통으로 2×200mg 용량에서 가장 높은 살충율을 나타내었다. 완전한 살충은 감염 5주 후 치료군의 2×200mg 투약군에서만 이루어졌다. This study was performed to evaluate the chemotherapeutic effects of albendazole against the larvae, juveniles and adults of Clonorchis sinensis. The metacercariae were obtained from Pseudorasbora parva by the pepsin digestion method, and 70 rats(Sprague-Dawley strain) were fed each with 50 metacercariae. On 60 rats various dosages of albendazole(2×2mg, 2×50mg, 200mg, 2×100mg, 2×200mg) were given at 2 days, 2 weeks and 5 weeks after infection while remaining 10 rats were kept untreated for use as control. The drug-treated rats and untreated control were sacrificed at 6 weeks after infection for the recovery of worms. The cure rates(lethal rates) obtained from worm recovery rates were used as the decision base of drug effects. Followings are summarized results. 1.The recovery rate of C. sinensis in control group was in the range from 60% to 100%, with overall average value of 84%. 2.The mean recovery rates of worms in treated groups are presented in the following Table. ◁표 삽입▷ (원문을 참조하세요) 3.The cure rates(lethal rates) of the groups treated at 2 days, 2 weeks and 5 weeks after infection were 26.2-47.6%(39.3% in average), 21.4-54.8%(32.3% in average) and 84.3-100%(91% in average) respectively. From the above results, it was confirmed that albendazole treatment is very effective against the adult worms of C. sinensis, however it is less effective on larvae and juvenile worms.

8-Azaxanthine과 그 유도체의 합성 및 시험관내 항암 활성

李奉憲,辛貞姬,張太植,朴章洙,姜信源 부산대학교 유전공학연구소 1997 분자생물학 연구보 Vol.13 No.-

8-Azaxanthine(1), 3-β-D-ribofuranosyl-8-azaxanthine(2),3-β-D-ribofuranosyl-8-azaxanthine-5'-monophosphate(3), 그리고 3-β-D-ribofuranosyl-8-azaxanthine-5'-(3-pyridinylcarbonyl)monophosphate(4)를 합성한 후 Mouse leukemia P388,Murine mammary carcinoma FM3A, Human histiocytic lymphoma U937암세포들에 대해 시험관내 항암활성을 MTT를 이용한 방법으로 예측하고 IC_50(μmol/mL)으로 나타내었다. 그 결과, 비정상적인 염기의 N-3와 당의 C-1'glycoside결합을 가진 2는 세가지의 암세포에 대해 감수성이 좋아 IC_50이 각각 0.05, 0.06,0.06μmol/mL이었으나 항세균 활성 예측에서는 감수성을 보이지 않았다. Human histiocytic lymphoma U937세포에 대한 IC_50은 1이 0.33,2는 0.06,3은0.25그리고 4는 0.33μmol/mL로 구조 변화에 따라 서로 다른 값을 보였다. 8-Azaxanthine(1), 3-β-D-ribofuranosyl-8-azaxanthine(2),3-β-D-ribofuranosyl-8-azaxanthine-5'-monophosphate(3), 3-β-D-ribofuranosyl-8-azaxanthine-5'-(3-pyridinylcarbonyl)monophosphate(4) were synthesized. The in vitro antitumor activities of the synthesized compounds against P388 mouse leukemia,FM3A mammary carcinoma, and U937 human histiocytic lymphoma cells were determined by MTT assay. 2 with unnatural N-3 and C-1'glycoside bond had activityagnist three tumor cell lines and IC_50s of these compounds were 0.05,0.06μmol/mL against three tumor cell lines, repectively. But these compounds had no antibacterial activity. IC_50s aganist U937 human histiocytic lymphoma cells were verfied with the structural modification:IC_50s of 1,2,3, and 4 were 0.33,0.06,0.25, and 0.33μmol/mL, respectively.

보중익기탕합인진사령산이 CCl₄中毒 흰쥐의 肝損傷에 미치는 影響

河智容,白泰鉉,張梗植 대한동의병리학회 1997 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.11 No.1

간병변은 현대인들의 스트레스, 과로, 음주, 고지방식의 과다 섭취 등의 각종 원인에 의하여 점차 증가하고 있는 실정이다. 최근 이에 따라 간기능을 보조하는 드링크류나 약재가 개발되어 시판되고 있으나, 아직까지 뚜렷한 효능을 가진 약재가 없는 현실이다. 간질환이 발병시 피로, 노권, 식용부진, 황달, 복수, 발열, 심와부통(心窩部痛), 구토, 소변황적 등의 증상을 호소하는데 이를 변증하여 보면 허중협실(虛中狹實) 즉 허증인 중기부족증(中氣不足症)과 실증인 비위습열증(碑胃濕熱症)이 혼재되어 있음을 알수 있다. 이에 본 저자는 부정거사(扶正祛邪)가 간질환 치료에 효과적일 것으로 보고 보중익기탕(補中益氣湯)과 인진사령산(茵蔯四笭散)을 합방하여 CCI₄로 간손상을 유발한 백서(白鼠)의 투여하여 간기능회복여부를 연구하고자 하였다. 군을 정상군, CCI₄처리군, CCI₄처리후약재투여 A군(10㎎/㎏), CCI₄처리후약재투여 B군(20㎎/㎏)으로 나누어 일정기간 약재를 투여한후 채혈하여 AST, ALT, Bilirubin, ALP, γ-GT, LDH, Albumin, total cholesterol, α-Fetoprotein의 함량을 측정하였다. AST, γ-GT, α-Fetoprotein의 경우는 A, B군에서 대조군에 비하여 감소하였으나 A군에서는 유의성이 인정되지 않았고, ALT의 경우는 A, B군 모두에서 유의성있는 감소를 보였으며, Bilirubin의 경우 A, B군 모두 대조군에 비하여 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, ALP의 경우 A군에서는 감소하였으나 B군의 경우 오히려 증가하는 경향을 보였다. LDH의 경우 A, B군 모두 감소하였으나 유의성은 나타나지 않았으며 Albumin의 경우 A, B 모두 증가하는 경향은 보였으나 유의성은 없었다. total cholesterol의 경우 A, B군 모두 유의성있는 증가를 보였다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 경우 보중익기탕합인진사령산(補中益氣湯合茵蔯四笭散)은 간손상 회복에 영향을 미치는 것으로 보여지며 회복기전에 관련된 연구는 더욱 진행되어야 할것으로 보여진다. This paper is to investigate what effects Bojungikkitanghapinjinsaryungsan-treated A-group(10㎎/㎏ treated group) and Bojungikkitang-hapinjinsaryungsan-treated B-group(20㎎/㎏ treated group) have on ratliver injured by Ccl₄, So this experimental research is focused on measuring about AST, ALT, bilirubin, ALP,γ-GT, LDH, albumin, TP, and α-Fetoprotein. The results are summarized as follow; 1. As to AST(GOT), Bojungikkitanghapinjinsaryungsan-treated A-group was slightly decreased with no effectiveness, but Bojungikkitan-ghapin-jinsaryungsan-treated B-group was decreased with effectiveness, as compared with the control group. 2. As to ALT(GPT) Bojungikkitanghapinjinsaryungsan-treated A-group and Bojungikkitanghapinjinsaryungsan-treated B-group were decreased with effectiveness, as compared with the control group. 3. As to bilirubin, Bojungikkitanghapinjinsaryungsan-treated A-group Bojungikkitanghapinjinsaryungsan-treated B-group were increased, as compared with the control group. 4. As to ALP, Bojungikkitanghapinjinsaryungsan-treated A-group was slightly decreased with no effectiveness, but Bojungikkitanghapinjinsaryungsan-treated B-group was slightly increased. 5. As to γ-GT, Bojungikkitanghapinjinsaryungsan-treated A-group was slightly decreased with no effectiveness, but Bojungikkitanghapinjinsaryungsan-treated B-group was decreased with effectiveness, as compared with the control group. 6. As to LDH, Bojungikkitanghapinjinsaryungsan-treated A-group and Bojungikkitanghapinjinsaryungsan-treated B-group were slightly decreased with no effectiveness, as compared with the control group. 7. As to albumin, Bojungikkitanghapinjinsaryungsan-treated A-group and Bojungikkitanghapinjinsaryungsan-treated B-group were slightly increased with no effectiveness, as compared with the control group. 8. As to TP, Bojungikkitanghapinjinsaryungsan-treated A-group and Bojungikkitanghapinjinsaryungsan-treated B-group were increased with effectiveness, as compared with the control group. 9. As to α-Fetoprotein, Bojungikkitanghapinjinsaryungsan-treated A-group was slightly decreased with no effectiveness, but Bojungikkitanghapinjinsaryungsan-treated B-group was decreased with effectiveness, as compared with the control group. According to the above result, it could be suggested that Bojungikkitanghapinjinsaryungsan have prominent improvement on the liver disease.

Total Station을 이용한 수준측량의 정확도 향상

김희규,노태호,장호식 慶南專門大學 2001 論文集 Vol.29 No.1