1930년대 천도교의 반일민족통일전선운동에 관한 연구 -갑산ㆍ삼수ㆍ풍산ㆍ장백현 지역의 조국광복회를 중심으로-

성주현 ( Sung Ju Hyeon ) 한국민족운동사학회 2000 한국민족운동사연구 Vol.25 No.-

The Nation Unification Movement(hereafter called as the Movement) by Chondo-Gyo(天道敎) under the colony of Japan had been started from 1920s right after the March first Independence Movement on March 01, 1919 and developed until the end of 1930s. The exisiting study on the Movement concerning the Chondo-Gyo didn't get a few results with the Koryo Revolution Party Movement by Choi, DongHee, Kim, BongKook, Lee, DongKook, Lee, DongKoo, etc., the Shinkan Association Movement by the old family of ChondoGyo, the One Korea Party Movement by Shin, Sook, Choi, DongOh, Kang, JeHa, etc., the June 10 Movement, etc. in 1920s. However, in fact there is no study result in details regarding the ChondoGyo in the connection with the Movement by the members of “the Fahterlahd Restoration Associacion”(hereafter called as the FRA) in the late 1930s. Especially there is almost no spotlight on their members, organizations, activities, etc who participated in the Movement with the FRA. It needs a new cognition of the activities of the FRA at the point of struggle in arms and connection with Kim, II Sung who established North Korea. When the study result on the their activities was released, it was told that they made and developed Chondo-Gyo and the Movement but it was mostly focused on the truth and untruth of the Kim, II Sung’s activities, the establishing procedure and organization of the FRA, and the reconstruction of Communist Party. It has dealt with the connection with Choado-Gyo neglectfully or slightly. The summary on the foundation and activities of the FRA and the Movement by Chondo-Gyo are as following; First, Chondo-Gyo and the FRA had abandoned the strategy called as “Rank v. Rank” at the 7th Comintern Meeting in July 1935 and made the consolidation between Anti-Japanese and People Consciousness of Chondo-Gyo for the change to do make a stronger struggle against Japan. The 7th Comintern made a new policy, “ Change the 2nd troops of East-North People’s Revolution Army into the corps for the Chosun Independence from Japan” with the contents that the Chinese Communists made the Chosun communists do their revolutional struggle for our independence from Japan while they made the union force against the Japan for the Colonies in the East-North Asia. Also it is appointed to the Chondo-Gyo as the object of the Movement entirely. At that time, the communists had got hostility towards the Chondo-Gyo deeply because the Chondo-Gyo didn't do only their religious activities by itself and did have the line to compromise with Japan in the country. Nevertheless, it is the central role of the party against Japan that the FRA did the Movement with the Chondo-Gyo. Second, the both parties had the same line of the cognition of Chondo-Gyo and the straggle against Japan by Kim, II Sung and the People’ sense against Japan by Park, In Jin after the meeting twice. It is based on the realistic recognition under the control of Japan chat only Chondo-Gyo couldn’t succeed in expelling Japan from the country and keeping our people safe, and the FRA itself didn’t get the independence. Also the Chondo-Gyo believers( hereafter called as “the believers” ) in the areas did have the through spirit of People. The believers led by Park, In Jin were not the communists but it is enough possible to do the Movement with the FRA that they had the strong spirit against Japan with the top target for our independence. This spirit was established by Chondo-Gyo of itself, especially it remained continuously by the TongHak troops who had the experience or fighting against Japan during the Tonghak Revolution, fled from Japan and stayed in the areas. Park, In Jin listened to the general principle and announcement of the FRA during the talk with Kim, II Sung, he could take participate in the movement actively. In this point, Kim, Ii Sung could be expressed as ‘an progressive Chondo-Gyo believers'. Third, the believers did very aggressive activities in building the infrastructure after they joined the movement with the FRA. They organized the Wang Family Branch and the Temple Branch centering the Choado-Gyo temple in the Jangpaekhyun with their 17 towns, their areas and branches in mainly Kapsan-gun, Pungsan-gun, Samsoo-gun, Hyesan-gun in the country, and their corps in charge of production. The infrastructure of the Group was made at Jangpakhyun in Manchuria, the partial districts of Hamkyongnam-do and Pyongan-do in the current North Korea while the very nuclear structures were those of Jangpaekhyun, Kapsan, Pungsan, Samsoo districts. They were very important for the infrastructure concerning the Chondo-Gyo. Fourth, the Chondo-Gyo believers like Park, In Jin, Lee, Jeon Hwa, Lee, Kyong Woon, Lee, Chang Sun, etc. did enter the FRA and took participate in the Movement very actively. The leader, Park, In Jin, who controled the 5 branch temples in some parts of Jangpaekhyun, Kapsan, Pungsan, Samsoo, Hyesan, etc., did take the meeting with Kim, Il Sung and the representatives at each temple, then they mostly entered the FRA and did take participate in the struggle in arms against Japan with the East-North Union against Japan, too. But it is the limit that every Chondo-Gyo didn't join the movement successfully. Nevertheless, it is very important meaning that the believers at the districts of Hamkyongnam-do and Pyonganbuk-do with most of Chondo-Gyo did join the FRA and made the Movement against Japan with the FRA.

[논문]Operational Characteristics of CO2 Laser Adopted by Superposing-Discharge

Hee-Je Kim,Hyun-Ju Chung,Byoung-Dae Min,Jong-Han Joung,Sung- lun Park 釜山大學校生産技術硏究所 2003 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.62 No.-

오늘날 현저한 CO2 레이저의 응용 추세에 발맞추어 보다 다양한 형태의 출력 제어 기술이 대두되고 있다. 본연구에서는multi-Pulse Superposing-Discharge 기술을 이용하여 다양한형태의 CO2 레이저의 펄스를 성형 하였다. 펄스 성형을 위한 방법으로 PIC one-chip microprocessor를 이용하여 삼중 PFN 모률의 SCR을 각각 고유의 지연시간을 가지도록 제어하였다. 실험에 사용된 삼중 PFN 모률의 전원 회로는 각각 캐패시터 인덕터,SCR,고압 펄스 트랜스 그리고 고압 트랜스 2차측에 브릿지 정류기로 구성 하였다. 고압 펼스 트랜스의 1차측을 제어하므로서 PFN 모률의 동작을 저 전압에서 수행 할 수 있다. 트랜스의 2차측에 연결된 전파 정류기는 펄스 에너지를 부하에 지속적으로 전달한다. 본 연구에서는 삼중 PFN 모률의 각각의 SCR을 다른 시간 가격을 두고 트리거 하므로서 다양한 Long pulse shaping을 실현하였다. 또한 약 250-1000μs 의 주기를 가지는 다양한 펄스형 레이저 빔을 얻었다.

구강균에 대한 각종 한약제의 증식 억제

정영건,지원대,김성영,곽동주,서수교,백경연 한국위생과학회 1997 한국위생과학회지 Vol.3 No.1

The effect of oriental medicines an the growth of oral bacteria(B. pumilus JU4, B. coagulans JU6, B. subtilis var globigii JU7 and B. subtilis var. globigii JU9) which were isolated from teeth, gums and tongues of patients was investigated. lt was shown that the water extracts of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. var. glandulifera Regel et Zucc., Schizandrae Fructus and Coptidis Rhizoma have the strong antimicrobial activity against every test organism. Especially, the water extract of Schizandrae Fructus has the most antimicrobial activity against all test bacteria of which MIC were the same as 0.25%. The growth of oral bacteria B. pumilus JU4 was inhibited by addition of the water extracts of Glycyrrhizae Radix, Schizandrae Fructus and Coptidis Rhizoma in the concentration of 0.9%, 0.2% and 0.1% respectively. It was tested that specific growth rates of B. pumilus JU4 in each concentration of the water extracts of Glycyrrhizae Radix, Schizandrae Fructus and Coptidis Rhizoma. From the results, the test showed that mean of specific growth rates of B. pumilus JU4 decreased 102%, 186% and 210% in 3% concentration of the water extracts of Glycyrrhizae Radix, Schizandrae Fructus and Coptidis Rhizoma more than those in control respectively.

說明變數의 選擇

朱星煥 建國大學校 經濟經營硏究所 1989 商經硏究 Vol.14 No.1

Most of discussion in econometrics proceeded on the assumption that the set of variables to be included in the equation is given, i.e. a multiple regressions of an explained variable Y on a set of K explanatory variables X₁, X₂……, X. This is the ideal situation that is rarely in practice. There is a very large number of potential explanatory variables or regressors. So econometricans is faced with the problem of choosing a subset. This is the problem of selection of regressors. In this paper I review and analyze some of recent studies for selection of regressors. Theil's R²criterion is based on the assumption that one of the models considered is the correct models. In this case choosing the model with the minimum σ²or the maximizing R²will lead to pick the correct model. On the other hand three criteria are based on minimizing the mean square error of prediction. The prediction criteria are done by minimizing E(Y-Y)²where Y is the future values of Y and Y is the predicted value of Y. Denoting the explanatory variables in the prediction period by X and during the same period by X. If the values of X have the same behavior as the variables X, then estimate of F(Y-Y)² is similar to (2k/n)σ²+ RSS₁/n where Rss₁ is the residual sum of square from the model with K₁regressors. Mallows' C criterion uses σ²=RSS/)n-k) as estimate of σ²where RSS is the residual sum of squares from the complete model with K explanatory variables. On the other hand Amemiya's PC criterion uses σ²=RSS/(n-k) as estimate of σ²where RSS is the residual sum of squares from the model with k explanatory variables. Hocking, by contrast, assumes the regressors to have a multivariate normal distribution and derives the S criterion by minimizing the unconditional mean square error of prediction. But these prediction criteria can be used only to the linear models. Akaihe suggests a more general criterion that can be applied to any model (including non-linear model) that can be estimated by method of maximum likelihood. This criterion need a discussion of the bayesian approach to model relection.

세그멘트 폴리우레탄 우레아에 기초한 블렌드계 고체전해질의 분자운동성과 이온 전도성

이상걸,이갑열,조남주 부산대학교 생산기술연구소 2000 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.59 No.-

순수 고체 전해질과 겔형 고분자 전해질의 장점을 취합한 새로운 형태의 블렌드계 고체 전해질을 제조할 목적으로, 현재 유기 가소제로 널리 쓰이는 ethylene carbonate(EC), propylene carbonate(PC) 대신 실온에서 휘발성이 낮은 저분자량의 polyethylene g1ycol(PEG) 및 polyethylene glycol dimethylether(PEGDME)를 사용하였다. 또한, 고분자 매트릭스로는 지지체 역할 뿐만 아니라 염과의 복합체를 형성할 수 있도록 soft segment에 PEO/PPO 공중합체를, hard segment urea기를 도입한 세그멘트 폴리우레탄 우레아(segmented polyurethane urea, SPUU)를 사용하였다. 제조된 SPUU팀에 휘발성이 낮은 저분자량의 PEC 및 PEGDME와 리튬염을 부가하여 solution casting법으로 블렌드계 고체 전해질을 제조한 다음 교류 임피던스법으로 이온 전도도를 측정하였다. 이때 이온 전도도는 PEO 및 PEGDME의 분자량 및 함량에 의존함을 관찰할 수 있었다. In order to prepare a new blend-type electrolyte possessing the merits of both an intrinsic polymer electrolyte and gel-electrolyte, we report on a class of nonvolatile (dry) polymer electrolyte, prepared by plasticizing a segmented polyurethaneurea (SPUU) with solution of lithium salt in oligomeric poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and poly(ethylene glycol) dimethyl ethers (PEGDME). SPUU having PEO/PPO copo1ymer in soft segment and urethanerurea group in hard segment was used in order to prepare a mechanically stable blend-type electrolyte for for improving the affinity between PEC or PEGDME and matrix. and the ionic conductivity was measured by AC impedance spectroscopy. As a result, it was observed that the ionic conductivity depended on the molecular weight and contents of PEC and PEGDME.

전극의 3차원 측정데이터로부터 방전가공조건 결정

주상윤,이건범 韓國工作機械學會 2000 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.9 No.5

This paper proposes a method for determining optimal EDM parameters based on discharge area from the physical model of a tool electrode. Main parameters, which affect the EDM performance, are peak value of currents, pulse-on time, and pulse-off time. Such parameters are closely dependent on the discharge area in EDM process. In this paper the dis-charge area is estimated from the CMM scanning data to the tool electrode. The method is very useful when any geomet-ric information to the tool electrode is not provided from tool modeler or producer. The method consists of following four steps. First a triangulation mesh is constructed from the CMM data. Secondly, the z-map is modeled from the triangulated mesh. Thirdly, the discharge area is estimated from intersection between the z-map model and a z-height plane. Finally, the machining parameters are easily calculated by some known EDM equations to the discharge area. An example is intro-duced to show that the machining parameters are calculated from the CMM data to a tool electrode.

지구과학의 地震 학습을 위한 STS 프로그램의 개발

주국영,김종희,김상달 부산대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 1997 科學敎育硏究報 Vol.24 No.-

과학적 소양을 갖춘 시민 양성이 오늘날 과학교육의 중요한 목적 중의 하나임은 주지의 사실이다. 이를 위한 교육방법의 하나인 STS 교육은 우리나라에서도 그 중요성이 크게 인정되고 있는 형편이다. STS 교육을 활성화하기 위해서는 실제로 우리 나라의 교육 환경 하에서 활용할 수 있는 STS 프로그램, 진행을 위한 안내서 및 기본 자료의 개발이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 점들을 고려하여, 학습자들이 교수-학습 활동의 중심이 되며 교사는 조력자로서의 역할을 하는 STS 수업의 실제 상황을 예시하고, 이 과정에서 적용한 교수-학습 방법과 활용한 자료들을 바탕으로 고등학교 지구과학의 지진 분야 학습을 위한 STS 프로그램을 개발하여 제시하여 지구과학 수업에서 STS 교육이 가능하도록 하는데 도움이 되고자 한다. It is a well known fact that it is a one of important objects of science education today to bring up citizens with scientific attainments. As a way to achieve the above object, STS's importance is being highly emphasized. To activate STS education, it is needed to develop STS programs, guide books and fundamental materials. Considering these sectors, this study shall present actual situations of STS education in which students are at the center of teaching and learning process and teachers are assistants. Based on teaching learning methods and material applied in the above process, this study shall help to enable STS in earth science by developing and presenting STS program for earthquake portion in high school earth science.

半夏瀉心湯이 CCl4 로 유도된 간중독 흰쥐에 미치는 영향

朱旺錫,朴賢俊,尹炳局,鄭成伊,朴宣東 대한본초학회 1999 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.14 No.2

The purpose of this study is to observe the effect of Banhasasimtang on serum reaction in CCI₄ treated rats. In this study the experimental rats divided five group(Normal, Control, Sample A, Sample B and Sample C group) Under the same condition Normal group was fed basal diet and water, Control group was injected carbon tetrachloride(CCI₄ 0.5㎖/㎏) and basal diet for 2 weeks, Sample A group was injected carbon tetrachloride(CCI₄0.5㎖/㎏) and fed the Bahasasimtang extract(10㎖/㎏) for 2 weeks, Sample A group was injected carbon tetrachloride(CCI₄ 0.5㎖/㎏) and fed the Banhasasimtang extract(10㎖/㎏) for 2 weeks, Sample B group was fed the Banhasasimtang extract(10㎖/㎏) for 2 weeks and injected carbon tetrachloride(CCI₄ 0.5㎖/㎏), Sample C group was fed the Banhasasimtang extract(10㎖/㎏) for 2 weeks. The change of GOT, GPT, γ-GPT, ALP, LDH activity and Bilirubin level in blood serum. The obtained results are summarized as follows : 1. In the change of GOT GPT contents, as compared with control group, sample group was significantly decreased. 2. In the change of γ-GPT contents, as compared wth control group, sample group was significantly decreased. 3. In the change of ALP contents, as compared with control group, sample group was significantly decreased. 4. In the change of LDP contents, as compared with control group, sample group was significantly decreased. 5. In the change of Bilirubin contents, as compared with control group, sample group was significantly decreased.

흰쥐의 신경병증성 통증에 대한경피신경전기자극과 미세전류신경근자극

이윤주,이충휘,조상현,임중우,남택상 大韓再活醫學會 1999 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.23 No.3

非線型計量模型과 켬퓨터 Algorithm

朱星煥 建國大學校 經濟經營硏究所 1985 商經硏究 Vol.10 No.1

In recent years, the advent of advanced computer technology has made it possible for the econometrician to estimate an increasing number of non-linear regression models. Non-linearity arises in many diverse ways in econometric applications. The estimations for nonlinear econometric models are, in some cases, derived by transformation of the model into linear models. Unfortinately, for many applied problems, nonlinear specifications can not be avoided. Perhaps the general non-linear models are used in the estimation of production and coat functions. In order to estimate the parameters in the nonlinear model, the objective function has to be specified. From the objective function we can derive either a sum of squared errors or likelihood function on which we apply a numerical optimization method. To use the nunerical optimigation method, we have to select a robust numerical algorithm which can be applicable to a particular econometric model. Also to find a grobal optimum of the objective function, appropriate initial point should be choosed. For nonlinear models, the properties of estimators and test statistics can only be derived approximately or asymptotically. Test for a general hypothesis can he performed by using the asymptotic x²distribution of the Wald, the Rao or the likelihood ratio test statistic under the condition of normally distributed errors. Although the discussion of techniques and methods for estimation in nonlinear models has substantially improved during recent years, many problems are still unsolued. It is difficult to choose the optimal algorithm out of the set of available techniques for a particalar model. Asymptotic properties in the non-linear model are only valid for large-sample sizes. In practise, we typically work with small or moderate samples. Therefore the small-sample and asymptotic distribution of the estimators or test statistics may differ substantially in practice.