소아마취의 임상통계학적 고찰

김완식,박동호,황영희,김흥대,안기량,석민호,김지영,장경덕,서병태 대한마취과학회 1982 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.15 No.1

Midazolam maleate, a water soluble banzodiazepine unlike diazepam, was synthetized by Walser and Fryer in 1975. In order to ealuate the effectiveness as an induction agent for general anesthesia, 22 elective surgical patients belonging to ASA classification 1 and 2 were selected. And ten patients (male 7, female 3, average 33.5 years old) were induced with midazolam maleate 0.2mg/kg and twelve patients (mdale 7, female 5, average 32.5 years old) with diazepam 0.3mg/kg. The results were summarized as follows. 1) Anesthesia was induced in all of midazolam group by one intravenous injection, but only 6 patients of diazepam group could induced by one injection and the other 6 patients needed 2 or more injections. 2) The changes of blood pressure and pulse rate after induction and intubation were almost similar in the two groups, but greater individual variation was seen in diazepam group. 3) A buring sensation following intravenous injection was noted in 11 cases of diazepam group, but none in midazolam group and no phlebitis in either group. From the above results, diazepam and midazolam are almost similar in nature but midazolam is definitely effective as an induction agent and has less side effects. Therefore midazolam maleate is regarded as a more effective agent than diazepam as an induction for general anesthesia.

경막외 Morphine 에 의한 동통관리

김완식,박동호,김흥대,석민호,김지영,차영덕 대한마취과학회 1980 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.13 No.4

The patients recieving epidural morphine were divided into two groups. One group(A group): epidural injection of 2 mg morphine mix with physiologic saline 10 ml were given to 13 patients with acute pain after surgery under epidural or light general anesthesia and chronic pain of chronic disease. The other group): epidural or caudal injection of 2 mg morphine mix with 2% lidocaine 400 mg were given to 5 patients. In A group, assesed single or continuous epidural injection. In B group, assesed epidural or caudal injection. All cases had considerable amelioration of pain which commenced with 2 to 15 minutes and was effectiveness 2 to 59 hours. Epidural morphine injection did not cause sympathetic depression or bladder dysfunction and it's analgesia was segmental.

심장 이식 후에 발생한 침윤성 폐 Aspergillosis 2 예

김희정,박성훈,홍석근,현민수,고경환,윤재형,이수금,오미혜,김명아,박국양 대한내과학회 1997 대한내과학회지 Vol.53 No.2

Case 1: A 39-year-old man underwent orthotopic heart transplantation on November 1994 for dilated cardiomyopathy. His postoperative course was unevenful and medications included daily cyclosporin A, Immuran and prednisone. On December 13.1994, he developed cough and sore throat. Chest radiographs revealed multiple patch growing lesions. Sputum fungus culture revealed Aspergillus Fumigatus. The patient was treated with daily infusion of amphotericin B. He remains well without evidence of relapse of Aspergillus, Case 2: This 39-year-old man had undergone orthotopic heart transplantation on November 16 1994 for dilated cardiomyopathy. In December 7.1994. he developed recurrent syncope. Chest radiographs revealed fungus ball like lesion on right lung field. On open lung biopsy and wedge resection of the mass was performed. Aspergillosis and CMV infection was demonstrated in the biopsy specimen. The patient was treated with conventional amphotericin B therapy for over 7weeks and Ganciclovir for over 2weeks. At the end of therapy chest X-ray showed only small residual scar in the area of previous mass.

척추 지주막하강내 Morphine 주입후 발생한 호흡정지 2 예

김태요,송윤식,송희선 대한마취과학회 1981 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.14 No.3

Epidural and subarachnoid narcotics have raised new possibilities for selective blockade of pain transmission at the spinal cord level. However, it must still be regarded as an experimental technique until detailed pharmacological and physiological data are available, since many reports have treated the development of respiratory arrest which may be related to the dynamics of CSF flow. We experienced 2 cases of respiratory arrest after intrathecal injection of 2mg morphine. One patient developed respiratory arrest at approximately 5 1/2hours after intrathecal morphine and the other at approxmately 12 1/2hours. Those respiratory arrests were completely reversed with naloxone hydrochloride without interfering with the analgesic effect of the drug.

SA 508 강 용접 열영향부의 미세조직과 충격인성의 상관관계

김상호,홍준화,김주학,권순주,이성학,강석영,오세진 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1999 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.37 No.4

In this study, microstructures of the heat affected zone (HAZ) of SA 508 steel were identified by Mo¨ssbauer spectroscopy in conjunction with microscopic observations, and were correlated with impact toughness. Specimens with the peak temperature risen up to 1350℃ showed mostly martensite, but the microstructures were not changed, much from the base metal because of the minor tempering effect when it was risen to 650℃ or 700℃. With the peak temperature risen to 900℃ over the A₃ temperature, the martensite fraction was reduced, while bainite or martensite island were formed because of the slow cooling from the lower austenite region. As the martensite fraction present inside the HAZ increased, hardness and strengths tended to increase, whereas impact toughness decreased. However, impact toughness of the subcritical HAZ with the peak temperature risen to 650℃-700℃ was seriously reduced after post-weld heat-treatment (PWHT) since carbide particles were of primary importance in initiating voids. Thus, the most important microstructural factors affecting impact toughness were the martensite fraction before PWHT and the carbide fraction after PWHT.

아급성 갑상선염의 임상적 고찰

홍기석,고창순,정준기,이홍규,김삼용,석창호,박성회,김용일 대한핵의학회 1978 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.12 No.2

저자들은 서울대학교 병원 내과에서 108례의 갑상선 침생검을 시행하여 8례(7.9%)의 아급성갑상선염을 진단할 수 있었다. 이를 임상경과, 갑상선기능 등으로 본 임상단계와 비교한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. Czernick 등이 시도하였던 임상단계와 침생검의 조직소견이 비교적 잘 대응하였다. 임상경과가 길거나 갑상선기능이 낮을수록 갑상선의 섬유화가 심하였고 여포성분의 감소를 보였다. 갑상선의 기능상태와 옥소섭취율 혹은 갑상선주사상의 섭취율은 역 상관관계를 보였다. 임상단계의 초기에 발견된 환자들은 기능항진증의 증상을 보였다가 기능저하증의 양상을 보인 후 회복되는 이형적인 경과를 보였다. 임상단게의 후기에 발견된 환자들은 4명중 3명이 기능저하증을 보였는데, 이는 경과로 보아 질환의 최종단계로 생각되었다. $quot; 8 cases of subacute thyroiditis was diagraiosed amormg 108 needle biopsy of the thyroid during the period from April 1976 to August 1978. Correlation of the histologic findings with the clinical staging proposed by Czernick was relatively well matched; cases with long clinical course or low thyroid hormone levels showed greater fibrosis and reduction of follicular elements in thyroid. Thyroid (131)^I uptake or the uptake as seen on the thyroid scanning correlated inversely with the thyroid hormone levels. The clinical course of the patients seen in their initial stage of disease followed the classical pattern; hyperthyroid-like, hypothyroid-like and recovery. 3 among the 4, who were seen in their later clinical course showed hypothyroidism, which seemed the final outcome of their diseases.

논문 : 북한 “수령형상문학”의 역사적 변모양상 -1960∼1990년대 북한 서정시를 중심으로

김경숙 ( Kyeong Suk Kim ) 민족문학사학회·민족문학사연구소 2013 민족문학사연구 Vol.51 No.-

북한문학의 역사는 1960년대 중반을 기점으로 크게 변화한다. 이전에는 마르크스-레닌주의에 의거한 사회주의리얼리즘문학이 중심을 이루었으나, 이후에는 주체사상에 의거한 주체문학으로 변모했다. 그런데 주체문학에서 문학적으로 형상화할 것이 요구되는 첫 번째 대상은 바로 ``수령형상창조``이다. 왜냐하면 북한문학은 인민대중을 교화하고 선전·선동하는 사상적 무기로 기능하는데, 북한의 체제원리인 주체사상에서 제1원칙은 ``수령에 대한 충실성``이기 때문이다. 사회정치적인 변화와 요구를 적극적으로 반영하는 북한문학에서는 ``수령형상창조``라는 동일한 주제를 다루더라도 당 문예정책의 변화에 따라서 각각의 시기에 시인들이 형상화하는 중심 내용은 바뀌게 된다. 첫째, ``수령의 위상 세우기``(1966∼1972) 시기에는 김일성의 숭고한 풍모와 혁명적 가정을 통하여 ``김일성의 위대성``을 형상화하였다. 둘째, ``혁명적 수령관 공고화하기``(1972∼1989) 가운데 (1) ``혁명의 주체 이원화하기``(1972∼1978) 시기에는 ``수령의 위상``과 ``당 중앙의 영도``를 형상화하였다. 또한 ``김일성의 혁명적 가정``으로서 특히 ``김정숙``을 형상화하였다. (2) ``혁명의 대(代) 형성하기``(1978∼1985)시기에는 ``수령의 혁명역사``와 ``김정일의 현명한 영도``를 형상화하였다. 또한 ``김일성의 혁명적 가정``으로서 특히 ``김정일``을 형상화하였다. (3) ``혁명의 후계자 세우기``(1985∼1989) 시기에는 ``후계자를 통한 혁명전통의 계승``과 ``김정일의 위대한 업적과 인간 풍모``를 형상화하였다. 셋째, ``혁명적 대가정(大家庭) 완성하기``(1989∼1994) 시기에는 ``김정일의 위대성을 절대화``하여 형상화하고 ``3위 1체의 원칙에 맞는 수령의 모습``을 형상화하였다. 북한 ``수령형상문학``의 역사적인 변모양상을 추적한 결과 필자는 다음과 같은 결론과 의의를 발견하였다. 첫째, 북한의 조선노동당이 당파성과 당성 간의 변증법적 발전과정을 통하여 사회주의·공산주의 건설과제에 매진하지 못하고 권력승계 문제에 집중하게 된 근본적인 이유는 남북한이 서로 다른 체제를 지향하면서 상호대치하고 있는 상황 속에서 무엇보다 시급한 과제는 ``체제유지``라고 여겼기 때문이다. 둘째, 주체문학 시기의 북한 시에서 ``시적 대상``이 주로 ``자연물화``하고 ``시적 형상화의 방식``이 극도로 ``단순화``하는 이유는 문학적 상상력이 소실되었기 때문이다. 셋째, 주체문학 시기의 북한문학사에서 당파성을 드러낸 시가 존재하지 않거나 유통되지 않는다는 사실은 당성의 ``폐쇄성``과 ``교조성``을 반증하는 것이다. The history of North Korean literature greatly changes from the mid-1960s. Although socialistic realism literature based on Marxism-Leninism was at the center, soon the center was changed to Juche literature based on Juche ideology. Yet, the first subject to be embodied in literature from Juche literature is “Chief-shape literature” because North Korean literature functions as an ideological weapon that edifies and agitates North Korean people, and because the first principle of Juche ideology, the principal system of North Korea, is “loyalty toward the Chief”. In North Korean literature that actively reflects social, political transition and demand, although the same topic of “Chief-shape creation” is treated, the core contents embodied by poets are changed in each period depending on the transition of the policy of literature and arts of the party. First, during the period of “establishing prestige of the chief” (1966∼1972), they embodied “greatness of Kim Il Sung” through noble royalty and revolutionary family of Kim Il Sung. Second, within the overall period of “publicizing revolutionary aspect of the chief”(1972∼1989) (1) during the period of “dualizing revolutionary Juche”(1972∼1978), “prestige of the chief” and the “central leader of the party” were embodied. Especially, “Kim Jong Suk” was used to embody the “revolutionary family of Kim Il Sung”. (2) During the period of “forming the line of revolution”(1978∼1985), “revolutionary history of the chief” and the “wise leadership of Kim Jong Il” were embodied. Especially, “Kim Jong Il” was used to embody the “revolutionary family of Kim Il Sung”. (3) During the period of “raising a successor of revolution”(1985∼1989), “succession of Kim Il Sung`s revolutionary tradition through a successor” and the “great achievement and human presence of Kim Jong Il” were embodied. Third, during the period of “completing the great revolutionary family”(1989∼1994), the “greatness of Kim Jong Il was absolutized” and embodied, and the “feature of the chief fit for the principle of trinity” was embodied as well. As a result of tracing historical transition of “the Chief-shape literature” of North Korea, the author discovered the following conclusion and meaning. First, the fundamental reason for Korean Workers` Party in North Korea to concentrate on the problem of power succession while they could not establish further socialism and communism through the step of dialectical development between partisanship and loyalty to the party was because they considered that the “maintenance of the system” was the prime task within the confrontation between the South and the North with different systems. Second, the “poetic object” was mainly “naturalized” and the “method of poetic embodiment” was extremely “simplified” in North Korean poems within the period of Juche literature because literary imaginations disappeared. Third, the fact that there is no poem reflecting partisanship within the history of North Korean literature in the period of Juche literature is a counter evidence of isolation and dogmatism of the loyalty to the party.

김환기 작품세계의 전환 연구

김명숙(Kim Myeong-Suk) 명지대학교 문화유산연구소 2016 미술사와 문화유산 Vol.4 No.-

김환기는 1963년 제7회 브라질 상파울루 비엔날레에 첫 번째 한국인 대표로 참여하게 된다. 그는 산월과 고향의식 등의 스타일이 두루 집약된 모티브의 ‘달’ 그림을 중심으로 총 3점을 출품하였다. 상파울루 비엔날레 출품작은 동양의 자연관을 바탕으로 한국적 미의 세계를 지향하였다. 김환기는 1963년 제7회 상파울루 비엔날레의 예술문화 교류를 통해서 세계의 미술을 접하게 되었으며, 그 중에서 김환기가 진지하게 받아들인 것이 미국의 추상 표현주의 미술이었다. 그것은 세계미술전에서 대상을 받은 미국의 추상표현주의 화가 아돌프 고틀리브(Adolph Gottlieb)의 작품을 만나게 되었기 때문이다. 김환기는 고틀리브의 미술세계를 접함으로써 예술적 충격을 받으면서 인생의 전환점을 맞이하게 된다. 세계 미술전에서 한계를 인식하게 됨과 동시에 자신감도 얻게 되었다. 그는 곧장 뉴욕으로 가서 작품 활동 할 것을 결심하였으며 그것을 실행하게 된다. 김환기가 세계 비엔날레의 국제전 경험을 통해 자신의 한계를 인식하게 된 계기는 국제적으로 가치를 지니는 예술이란 지역적인 것의 강조가 아니라 지역과 세계의 만남을 통해 ‘공감’을 불러 일으켜야 한다는 것임을 깨달았기 때문이다. 또 국가의 정체성과 세계와의 소통이란 결국 자신의 뿌리에서 시작하되, 그것이 한정된 지역적인 소재로나 또는 이국적 화면으로 귀결되지 않기 위하여 ‘차이’와 동시에 ‘정체성’의 의미를 인식할 수 있는 새로운 시각이 드러나야 한다는 사실을 터득했다. 그리하여 그는 뉴욕에 정착하여 화면의 변화를 주도하였다. 상파울루 비엔날레에 참여한 이래 화면의 변화를 보인 대표적인 작품으로는 점화 <어디서 무엇이 되어 다시 만나랴〉가 있다. 이 작품은 한국일보 미술대상전에서 대상을 받음으로써 일반에게 공개되었으며, 작가의 새로운 표현방법에 대중들로부터 놀라움과 찬사를 받게 된다. <어디서 무엇이 되어 다시 만나랴>에서 작가 김환기는 기존의 작품경향과는 또 다른 새로운 자기세계를 완성하게 된 것이다. 김환기의 점화는 새로운 차원의 아름다움을 이끌어 내었다는 사실과 미적 이념이 ‘점’에 담겨 있다는 것에 그 특별함이 있다. 결과적으로 상파울루 비엔날레는 김환기의 예술세계에 있어서 가장 큰 전환점이 되었다. 그는 세계미술전에 참여하여 한국미술의 활동영역을 확장시키는데 기여하였을 뿐만이 아니라 국제적 동향을 미리 파악하여 한국 현대미술의 방향을 선도하였다. 이후 한국에서도 국제전에 대한 관심이 고조되었는데, 그러한 차원에서 볼 때 그는 우리 미술을 세계무대에 선보이며 그곳에서 다양한 미술교류를 증진시킨 선구적 역할을 한 셈이다. In 1963, Kim Whan Ki participated in the 7th Sao Paulo Biennial. He was the first Korean to participate in this event. He entered the exhibition with three moon paintings which integrated month of parturition and one’s consciousness of birthplace. These paintings which integrated East’s view of nature were aimed to express Korean artistry. Kim was able to encounter art of the world through cultural and artistic interchanges. He especially embraced America’s abstract expressionism after he saw Adolph Gottlieb’s artwork. Kim was immensely shocked by Gottlieb’s and other’s artworks and realized his limitation, but in the meanwhile earned confidence as well. He then immediately decided to go to New York to work on his paintings. Kim realized his artworks’ limitation during the Sao Paulo Biennial after realizing that artwork which possesses international value must arouse sympathy through combining different regions’ values rather than expressing one’s value. Also communicating one nation’s identity to the rest of the world requires to have a viewpoint which can embrace ‘Difference’ and ‘Identity’ rather than focusing on regional subjects and exotic appearance. Therefore, he focused to bring changes to his pictures. The most popular painting of Kim’s which represents pointillism is <Where and how shall we meet again>. This painting was presented to the public after winning the 1st place in the art contest which was held by Hankook Newspaper. When it was presented to the public, people were surprised by Kim’s unconventional way of expressing. <Where and how shall we meet again> allowed Kim to complete his new world of works which was differentiated from his old works. Kim’s pointillism is considered to be special because it created beauty in a new dimension and that ideology is embraced by dots. As a result, his participation in Sao Paulo Biennial in 1963 was the biggest turning point in his career. He not only contributed to expand Korean art’s boundary, but also found the direction of the international art and led Korean modern art to that direction as well. Considering the fact that his participation in Sao Paulo Biennial increased Korean art society’s attention in biennial, Kim opened the gate for Korean art to interact with rest of the world.

Slide Session : OS-IFD-07 ; Infectious Disease : In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Ribavirin Against Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus

( Myung Jin Lee ),( Kye Hyung Kim ),( Jong Youn Yi ),( Su Jin Choi ),( Chung Jong Kim ),( Nak Hyun Kim ),( Kyoung Ho Song ),( Pyoeng Gyun Choi ),( Ji Hwan Bang ),( Wan Beom Park ),( Eu Suk Kim ),( San 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Ribavirin Against Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Myung Jin LEE1, Kye-Hyung KIM1, Jongyoun YI2, SuJin CHOI1, Chung-Jong KIM1, Nak- Hyun KIM1, Kyoung-Ho SONG1, Pyoeng Gyun CHOI1, Ji-Hwan BANG1, Wan Beom PARK1, Eu Suk KIM1, Sang-Won PARK1, Hong Bin KIM1, Nam Joong KIM1, Myoung- Don OH1 Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea1, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Korea2 Background: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by a novel Bunyavirus, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV). No effective antiviral therapy is proven yet, but clinical use of ribavirin (RBV) has been tried. We investigated the antiviral effect of RBV against SFTSV in vitro. Methods: To test for cytotoxicity of RBV, Vero cells were treated with different concentrations of RBV (3.90 to 500 μg/mL, two-fold dilution) and analyzed by cell viability MTS assay 48h post-infection. To determine antiviral activity of RBV against SFTSV, Vero cells were infected with SFTSV strain Gangwon/Korea/2012 at 100 TCID50 (50% tissue culture infective dose) per well in a 96-well plate, and RBV was added at the concentrations showing no or minimal cytotoxicity. Viral RNAs were extracted from the culture supernatants and quantifi ed using one-step real-time reverse transcription- PCR to amplify the partial large segment of SFTSV. Statistical analysis was done by one-way ANOVA with Tukey`s post hoc test. Results: Cytotoxicity due to RBV was not observed at RBV concentration =31.3 μg/ mL. Viral RNAs at 24h post-RBV treatment were reduced with increasing RBV concentrations (1-32 μg/mL), compared with those of mock-treated cells (P <0.01, Figure). Half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of RBV was 3.69 μg/mL at 24h post-RBV treatment. Conclusions: Our study shows that RBV has antiviral effect against SFTSV in a dose-dependent manner. Further studies are required to evaluate the effi cacy of RBV in SFTS.

New Stress-Strain Model for Identifying Plastic Deformation Behavior of Sheet Materials

김영석(Young Suk Kim),팜콕트완(Quoc Tuan Pham),김찬일(Chan Il Kim) Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2017 한국정밀공학회지 Vol.34 No.4

In sheet metal forming numerical analysis, the strain hardening equation has a significant effect on calculation results, especially in the field of spring-back. This study introduces the Kim-Tuan strain hardening model. This model represents sheet material behavior over the entire strain hardening range. The proposed model is compared to other well known strain hardening models using a series of uniaxial tensile tests. These tests are performed to determine the stress-strain relationship for Al6016-T4, DP980, and CP Ti sheets. In addition, the Kim-Tuan model is used to integrate the CP Ti sheet strain hardening equation in ABAQUS analysis to predict spring-back amount in a bending test. These tests highlight the improved accuracy of the proposed equation in the numerical field. Bending tests to evaluate prediction accuracy are also performed and compared with numerical analysis results.