The Associations between income, informal social networks, and health among older adults in South Korea: A multi‐group analysis based on the level of age‐friendly environments

Sue‐Lynn Kim,Ju‐Hyun Kim,Kyong‐Hee Ju 한국사회복지학회 2019 Asian Social Work and Policy Review Vol.13 No.3

The aim of the present study was to empirically investigate the role of age-friendly environments (AFE) on the associations between income, informal social networks, and health among South Korean older adults. We used data from the “2017 Age Integration Survey” collected nationally and ultimately analyzed 615 older adults over 50 years of age. Structural equation modeling and multi-group analysis were used to test the hypothesis. Specifically, two groups of perceived levels of AFE (top 25%, bottom 25%) were compared in order to examine the moderating effects. The results indicated that poor income and scarce informal social networks each had a significantly adverse impact on health. However, the effect of income on health was no longer significant for older adults living in environments that were more age-friendly. In both groups, the presence of fewer informal social networks adversely impacted health, although the sizes of the effects decreased when the level of AFE perceived by older adults was improved. Finally, several implications of the study findings were discussed.

16S rRNA 유전자 염기서열 분석에 의해 확인된 Acinetobacter spp. 가성요로감염 유행

김수연,김진용,강지혜,박신영,이희승,박윤수,서일혜,조용균 대한감염학회 2007 감염과 화학요법 Vol.39 No.4

목적 : 본 연구는 일개 대학병원의 한 병동에서 16SrRNA 유전자 염기서열 분석을 통해 확인된 Acinetobacter spp. 가성요로감염 집단 발생에 대한 조사이다. 재료 및 방법 : 일개 대학병원의 일반병동에서 2005년 9월 23일부터 26일까지 5명의 환자에서 Bordetelta bronchiseptica 세균뇨가 동시에 분리되었다. 해당 환자들에 대한 입원 진료 기록을 확인하고, 이학적 검사를 시행하였고, 의료진 면담 등의 역학적 조사와 의심되는 전파원의 환경 감시배양을 시행하였다. 또한 다섯 균주들의 상동성 확인을 위해 pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE)를 하였고, 정확한 균 동정을 위해 16S rRNA 유전자 염기서열 분석을 하였다. 결과 : VITEK system에 의해 B. bronchiseptica로 보고된 다섯 균주들은 거의 유사한 항생제 감수성을 가지고 있었다. 유행조사에서 요로감염의 증상이나 균혈증을 보인 환자는 없었고, 환경 감시배양에서 공통의 전파원은 증명되지 않았다. 또한 PFGE와 16S rRNA 유전자 염기서열분석에서 상동성을 가진 동일 Acinetobacter spp.로 확인되어 이에 의한 가성요로감염의 유행으로 결론지었다. 결론 : 역학적 조사와 함께 PFGE와 16s rRNA 유전자염기서열 분석과 같은 분자생물학적인 조사를 시행하는 것은 희귀한 균에 의한 병원감염 유행조사에 도움이 될 것이다. Background : Acinetobacter spp. is increasingly implicated in hospital-acquired infections. We experienced a pseudooutbreak of Bordetella bronchiseptica bacteriuria identified with biochemical tests, that was later identified as Acinetobacter spp. by using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Materials and Methods : Five in-ward patients were found to have B. bronchiseptica bacteriuria without symptoms of urinary tract infection between September 23 and 26 of 2005. We conducted pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of the bacteria and epidemiological investigation of this pseudooutbreak. In addition, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis was performed for the verification of the strains. Results : All 5 isolates were identified as B. bronchiseptica with similar antibiogram by VITEK system. There was no evidence of any symptom or sign of urinary tract infection. The source of this pseudooutbreak was not detected even after performing environmental culture and interviews with healthcare workers. We could not get the appropriate results from the first PFGE with XbaI restriction enzyme. B. bronchiseptica is an unusual organism in human so we conducted 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis for verification. The analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence with 5 isolates demonstrated 99-100% similarity to a sequence of Acinetobacter spp. (AU1523). According to the results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, we performed the second PFGE with SmaI restriction enzyme, which showed indistinguishable pattern among the all 5 isolates. Conclusion : This investigation suggests that the combined method of 16s rRNA gene sequence analysis and PFGE would be helpful for investigation of outbreak caused by unusual organisms.

相變換에 의한 三相誘導電動機의 1/3, 2/3 速度制御에 관한 연구

金樹運 울산대학교 1983 연구논문집 Vol.14 No.1

3상, 4극, 동기속도 1000rpm의 농형유도전동기가, 제3고조파 성분의 起磁力의 합성과 相變換에 의하여, 쉽게 1200, 600rpm의 동기속도로 변환될 수 있었다. 이 구동방법은 일반적인 3상농형유도전동기가 單相電源에 의해서 정격출력의 馬力수를 낼 수 있었다. 또한 권선형 유도전동기는 2차저항에 의하여 경부하에서 300~1,800rpm의 가변속도변화범위를 얻을 수 있었으며 극수변환법과 비교하여 여러 운전특성에 큰 장점을 갖고 있었다. The synchronous speed, 1800rpm, of the 3ø, 4pole, induction motor is easily converted to the 1200 and 600rpm by composition of the 3rd harmonic mmf(magnetomotive force)and phase conversion. This driving method makes it possible the 3ø, induction motor to be operated in the 1ø power source with the equivalent horse powers and rated phase currents. And the wound-rotor induction motor can be controlled to the variable wide speed ranges, 300~1,800rpm, by this operation, and have more advantages in some characteristics than conventional ople changing method.

Drop box weir의 水理特性에 關한 硏究

吳壽勳,權純國 서울大學校 農科大學 1986 서울대농학연구지 Vol.11 No.1

This study was intended (1) to estimate the accurate stage discharge relationship through field measurement on a weir located at the outlet of the Sangrim watershed, (2) to investigate the reliability of the stage-discharge relationship of the Sangrim Drop-box weir in relation to the approach angles of flow and the stream slope and the maximum probable sedimention using the fixed bed model and the movable bed model tests respectively, (3) to find a new stage gaging point which would supplement the gaging point which it currently used (G-1), and finally, (4) to find the usage limit of the Drop-box weir for other hydrologic studies of the watershed. The results of the study can be summarized as follows; 1. Stage-discharge relationship of the Drop-box weir was ?? at stage gaging point G-1. 2. The stage-discharge relationship at the stage gaing point G-1 appeared to have little effect with different approach angles. With different stream slopes, the relationship was one curve at discharges up to about 4㎥/s. On the whole the stream slope change appeared to influlence slightly to the stage-discharge relationship. 3. The maximum probable sediment accumulation estimated using the movable bed model test was 1.2~1.5 meters high meausred at 1.8 meters upstream from the weir head wall. This sediment accumulation showed little effect on a reliability of the stage-discharge relationship at the stage gaging point G-1. 4. The stage gaging point G-2 selected to supplement the limitations of the stage gaging point G-1 showed a straight lime stage-discharge relationship. This G-2 was generally safe against the approach angles, stream slope changes and sediment deposition at weir upstream. It can therefore be recommended that the gaging point be set up at G-2. 5. The greatest storm for a single event during the period of study was only 75mm. In the future it recommended that the stage-discharge relationship for the weir under study must be newly tested at high flow rates created by the greater storms. 6. From the results of the laboratory experiment and the observed operation of the drop box attached to the weir, it can be conclude that the Sangrim Drop-box weir is acceptable and representative of field weirs for other hydrologic studies in Korea.

Thyristor制御 誘導電動機의 運轉特性 改善에 關한 考察

金秀植 군산대학교 1982 群山水産專門大學 硏究報告 Vol.16 No.1

In recently it has been used the Firing angle controlled Thyristor for induction motor driving, because the triggering circuit are consist of simplicity, low-priced and practical used. Although it has many advantage in every respect, we should be detected trouble for driving. So that in order to preventing against trouble and to be increased high degree of efficiency in good condition. In this paper we should be compared with the characteristics of Slip-torque by Firing-angle control and conduction-angle control, I tried to research for control method of conduction angle for motor driving. We have obtained experimental results are as follows: 1) It couldn't occurred region of impossibility to controlled Thyristor in case by the Firing angle control, because we should be controlled the conduction angle of Thyristor directly. 2) We could be preventing the rate of speed variation has increased and stabilizing region of speed has extensive than by the Firing angle control, the Mean torque has changed in proportion to variation angle, therefore the characteristics of Slip-torque has improved. 3) It couldn't be occured the failure of firing for Thyristor on unfavorable condition and there is no need to connected special circuit with triggering circuit and has increased high degree of efficiency in good condition for motor driving.

인체이동에 관한 운동역학적 분석 I

박수일,변범수 한국운동역학회 1994 한국운동역학회지 Vol.4 No.2

During walking, jogging and sprinting, the support time, stride time of both legs and maximal ground reaction forces was investigated using dynamic strain amplifier and repicorder with strain gages for six male college students(3 nonathletes:3 athletes) in the department of physical education. The results this study seem to be the followings: 1. The greater the speed, the more the support time, nonsupport time and stride time was decreased. But it was shown that the nonsupport time during jogging was longer rather than one during walking. 2. Difference between the support time and nonsupport time of right and left leg shown a significant relationship during walking and jogging. whereas it was not shown significantly during sprinting in most subjects. 3. Maximal reaction forces of heel and forefoot were 1.34 BW: 1.38 BW(heel : forefoot) during walking and 1.32 BW: 2.04 BW during jogging and also were 2.49 BW(forefoot) during sprinting, respectively. 4. The % time of maximal ground reaction forces of heel and forefoot were 19.44% time : 79.83% time(heel : forefoot) during walking and 9.96% time : 43.92% time during jogging and also 53.70% time(forefoot) during sprinting.

북천지역 자연학습 체험단지 종합계획 및 분석

권수환,임원현 경주대학교 지역개발연구소 2007 地域開發論叢 Vol.- No.8

This study analyzes the diagram of final concept, in order to establish a master plan for preparing a natural learning and experimental area in Bukchun and its surroundings, Gyeongju. The results could be summarized as follows. The stream of Bockan is the origin of Hyungsan River and it originates in the mountains of Banwon at 800m's length around Ulsan, Gyeongnam. It joins the streams of Choongli and Meonggae, and flows into Hyungsan river, passing through Gyeongju city, Naenam myon, Chunbook myon and Gangdong myon. The length of the river is extended to 62.2 km and to 11,166.80 ㎢ in area. Hyungsan river contains an important water resource for water supply, industrial service water, and agricultural service water for Gyeongju and Pohang city, but unsuitable polluted influents of water supply are due to contaminated increasing materials. The polluted stream normally dries out because of the lack of several side-streams, as a result of insufficient water during the dry season. All of the streams that flow into the East sea also suffer from lack of water, as the slope of those riverbeds is very severe, and the river rapidly drains out into the bay of Young-il. Bukchun showed that the speed of a funning fluid is very fast on a period of flood, but very slow in a period of water shortage about 0.02 m/s. This study is to investigate the its preservation method and suwater supply with ecology preservation and natural practical area in Buckhun. Also, it studies the agricultural service, and preservation water supply of Gyeongju. It was also investigated based on the diagram of final concept and master plan with culture environmental and natural practical area in Buckhun region.

負饋還 增幅器의 安定度에 對한 小考

金秀植 군산대학교 1975 群山水産專門大學 硏究報告 Vol.9 No.3

The advantage of apply feedback of a transistor amplifier ha·re been discussed in many ways. However, we have alluded only briefly to the problem of instability, a fundmental limitation according to amount of feedback that can be aplied to a given circuit. This Papers chiefly is proposed to problems and other design problem. The region dealt in this papers is the midfrequency and high frequency of amplifier and its feedbadk is negative. 1.The problem of feedback amplifier stabilty arises when energy storage elements are present in the network. it is therefore, necessary to examine feed-back amplifier synthesis procedures by making use of Root-Locus method. 2.The essential idea of the Root-locus method is to trace out the path of the feedback amplifier natural freqencies, that is, the pole of A(s). as a function of the midband loop transmission ao fo on the basis of this locus, we can determine the maximum allowed 1oop transmission without instability or more, realistically, the maximum allowed transmission consistent with a "reasonable" frequency response or transient response. If this value of ao fo does not provide enough midland desensitivity, compensating networks that alter the pole locations of can Af can be added either to the basic amplfier feedback network in order to reshape the locus, with proper reshaping we can obtain both the desired desensensitiv and the proper pole locations in A(s)for good frequency and transient response. 3.We are trying to seek for the fact th at by adding one small capacitor Cf in parallel with Gf we can bring about an extensive modiifcation of the Root-Locus, and thus we can substantially improve the feedback amplifer performance characteristics . 4.In accordance with a proper choice of Sf which situated at some where between Sband Sc (Fig 9), These Loci never cross in the right-half plane. therefore, the feedback amplifier is alaways stable.

중학생들의 흡연 및 간접흡연 실태와 태도

손수경,이지현 韓國學校保健學會 2002 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.15 No.1

This study was aimed at identifying on the state and knowledge toward smoking and passive smoking in middle school students. The data were collected from 6th. to 18th. August, 2001. Subject were 125 middle school students who were participated in the Smoking Cessation Program of S Health Agency in Busan. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS program for frequency, percent, mean, and chi-square test. The smoking related state and attitude of subjects were as follows; the number of the smoking students are 10(8.0 %) at present, 19(15.2 %) at past experience, 53(42.4 %) having at present smoking friends, 73(58.4 %) having at present smoking family. Also the smoking starting time of present or past smoking experience was the middle school; 12(9.6 %) and elementary school; 11(8.8 %). They started because of the peer group members; 12(9.6 %), curiosity; 8(6.4 %), and looking good; 7(5.6 %). The passive smoking related state and attitude of subjects were as follows; the number of the passive smoking aware rates are very well level; 71(56.8 %), well level; 54(43.2 %). The exposed experience to passive smoking was always; 38(30.4 %), sometimes; 86(68.8 %), not experience; 1(0.8 5). The place of exposure to passive smoking was game rooms; 67(53.6 %), house; 30(24.0 %), fast food place or cafeteria; 10(8.0 %), and street or in a vehicle ; 3(2.4 %). The main smoker to passive smoking exposure was unknown person; 61(48.8 %). grand parents or parents; 43(34.4 %), brothers or friends; 8(6.4 %), teachers; 4(3.2 %). The chief complant of passive smoking exposure was dyspnea; 36(28.8 %), coughing; 34(27.2 5), dizziness; 21(16.8 %), no symptom; 18(14.4 %). The mostly affected smoker to passive smoking exposure was parents; 52(41.6 %), brothers or friends; 48(38.4 %). The health affected perception to passive smoking exposure was very affected; 109(87.2 %), not affected; 3(2.4 %). In conclusion, it can be well recognized that considerable number of middle school students is exposed to the passive smoking in their homes and by unknown persons, but, their knowledge and attitude toward the exposure to passive smoking is not effective. Therefore, it is hoped that regular smoking education program at school and restriction campaign in home and the public place is necessary.

대학 IT 교과과정의 요구분석과 점진적 개발

박수희,노은하 同德女子大學校 情報科學硏究所 2005 정보과학연구 Vol.9 No.-

산업체 수요지향적인 대학 IT 교과과정 개발 방법론에서는 여러 반복단계를 거치면서 완성도 높은 교과과정을 산출한다. 하나의 반복단계는 준비, 요구분석, 설계, 구현, 실현, 평가 등의 과정으로 나뉘는데, 이 중 요구분석 과정은 새로운 반복단계에서 양질의 산출물을 얻기 위한 주요 과정이다. 본 논문에서는 이전 반복단계의 수행 결과를 바탕으로 이해관계자로부터 요구사항을 수집하고 분석하여 새로운 반복단계를 준비하여 IT 교과과정을 점진적으로 개발하는 과정을 다룬다. 이러한 점진적 개발 프로세스는 지속적으로 발전하는 IT 분야의 특성상 끊임없이 반복되어야 한다. In the methodology of industrial demand-driven college IT curriculum development, the in-depth curriculum development is done throughout many iterations. A single iteration is consisted of several phases: preparation, requirement analysis, design, implementation, realization, and evaluation. Among them, the requirement analysis is an important phase to produce artifacts of good quality. In this paper, based on the artifacts of the previous iteration, stakeholders' requirements are collected and analyzed. A new iteration is started and IT curriculums are incrementally developed. This incremental process needs to be repeated in order to catch up continuous growth of the IT industry.