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朴斗學,梁暎煥,吳元奭,金正秀 東亞大學校 大學院 1987 大學院論文集 Vol.12 No.-
The U.C.P(1983 Revison) set out guidelines relating to a transport document which would enable banks to accept such a document, or compel them to reject it, regardless of what the document appers to call itself, as follows: a) The case where the credit stipulates a marine bill of lading as the required transport document(Article 26) or, b) The case where the credit stipulates dispatch of goods by post(Article 30), of which case was excluded in this thesis or, c) All other cases where the credit calls for a transport document(Article 25). The definitions of the "shipment" are of "loading on board" or "dispatch" or "taking in charge", so Article 25 which made a clear distinction betwen a marine bill of lading and other transport document, especially combined transport document, referred mainly to the combined transport document as a popular transport document into four paragraphs: Paragraph(a): "mandatory general requirement" which the transport doucument must need for tis to be acceptable under the credit: Paragraph(b): "optional extras", i.e. additional elements in the transport document which will not affect its acceptability; Paragraph(c): elements in the transport document which make its rejection mandatory such as charter-party B/L, or the document issued by sailing vessel; Paragraph(d): elements in a transport document which may cause it to be rejected, such as freight forwarder's transport document. or which may permit its acceptance, such as FIATA FBL, including the freight forwarder's transport document acting as a carrier or agent of a named carrier. In making application of this paragraph(d) in practical side, what is mattered is that the U C P (1983 revision) did not provide the definition of a "carrier" which may be a norm in deciding of acceptability of the freight forwarder's transport document. The 1980 Revision of Incoterms, appreciating that one of the basic functions of a transport document is to evidence the contract of carriage, states that "carrier" means any person by whom or in whose name a contract of carriage by road, rail, sea or a combination of modes has been made, but this definition does not have a binding force and effect on the L/C tranaction because the L/C is a separate transaction because the L/C is a separate transaction from the sales contract. Article 26 applies only when the credit calling for a transport document stipulates as such document "a marine bill of lading", and it broadly follows the structure of Article 25. A marine bill of lading in the Article, unkess otherwise stupylated in the credit must be an "on board" form. As this Article only apply to " a marine bill of lading", the document which contains the word "intended" or "issued by freight forwarder", unless it indicates that the freight forwarder is acting as a carrier or its agent, will not be acceptable. But the Paragraph(b) in this Article stipulates that banks will not reject a document which bears a title such as "Combined transport billof Lading", Combined transport doucument", "Combined transport bill of lading or port-to-port bill of lading ......, so in cases of Combined transport documents which meet the requirements of Paragraph(a) of article 26, it is very confusing to find a appropriate Article in application. thus to avoid a confusion L/C applicant showed designate Article 26 in L/C if he wants it to be applied in Combined transport document. Article 27 made the change of UCp(1974 revision) that an "on board" document should be the norm; namely "taken in charge" or "received for shipment" now because an equivalent alternative for transport documents other than marine bill of lading.
Young Han Kim,Su Yeung Jeong,Moon Yong Lee 한국화학공학회 2008 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.25 No.6
A modified fully thermally coupled distillation column (FTCDC) for operability improvement is utilized in a gas concentration process. The column consists of a prefractionator and two separated main columns having high distillation efficiency and flexible control structure. The operability of the proposed column is evaluated by examining the open-loop dynamic responses of step input variations with the HYSYS simulation. The simulation result indicates that the modified system can give better control than the original FTCDC. The energy saving and reduction of construction cost are discussed, and the ease of vapor flow manipulation and the elimination of a compressor in the vapor transfer are also evaluated as possible improvements.
Virus-Based Structural Color Sensor for the Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals Detection
Yujin Lee,Ye-Ji Kim,Thanh Mien Nguyen,Yeong Ju Lee,You Hwan Kim,Seung Su Jeong,Jae Suk Yoon,Na Yeung Kim,Jun Su Choi,Min Soo Kim,Jin Jae Park,Suk Ho Lee,Eun Jung Choi,Jin-Woo Oh 한국고분자학회 2019 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.44 No.2
연구보문 : 바이오에너지 생산을 위한 헤어리베치 피복 옥수수 무경운재배 시 재식밀도와 시비량에 따른 생육 및 수량
김충국 ( Chung Guk Kim ),조현숙 ( Hyeoun Suk Cho ),전원태 ( Weon Tai Jeon ),성기영 ( Ki Yeung Seong ),정광호 ( Kwang Ho Jeong ),최봉수 ( Bong Su Choi ),조영손 ( Young Son Cho ) 한국국제농업개발학회 2011 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.23 No.1
This study was conducted to develop no-till cultivation system and to reduce agro-chemicals input by cut mulching of hairy vetch on corn cultivation for bio-energy production. Corn was sown with 2 planting density (71,430 and 125,000 plants ha-1) on 20 May in 2009 under no-till cultivation with cut mulching of hairy vetch. In no-till corn cultivation with cut mulching of hairy vetch, the plant height, diameter of main stem and SPAD value decreased with increasing the planting density. Ear position of corn was high and silking date of corn cultivated in cut mulching of hairy vetch was also delayed average 3 days as compared with the conventional practice, and it was associated with increasing the plant density and reducing the fertilizer application level. Moreover, dominant weeds in corn cultivation field were Persicaria blumei, Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koel. and Echinochloa crusgalli, and the dry weight of weed decreased with increasing the soil cover rate of hairy vetch. Amount of the bio-ethanol production in cut mulching of hairy vetch decreased by 10.2 to 41.1% and it seemed to be associated with increasing the plant density and reducing the fertilizer application level. At no-till corn cultivation with cut mulching of hairy vetch for bio-energy production, the biomass production of combined system of reducing fertilizer application level of 50% and the planting density of 125,000 plants ha-1 would be similar to the conventional one and it could be suitable for eco-friendly bio-energy corn production.
냉동변성 방지제가 pH 조절법으로 제조한 닭가슴살 수리미의 냉동저장 중 이화학적 특성에 미치는 영향
진상근,김일석,김수정,정기종,이제룡,최영준,Jin, Sang-Keun,Kim, Il-Suk,Kim, Su-Jung,Jeong, Ki-Jong,Lee, Jae-Ryong,Choi, Yeung-Joon 한국축산식품학회 2007 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.27 No.3
냉동변성 방지제가 pH 조절법으로 제조한 닭 가슴살 수리미의 이화학적 특성에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위하여 C(명태수리미: 수세 2회, 4% 설탕+5% 솔비톨+0.3% 인산염 첨가), 나머지 처리구들은 폐계 가슴살 활용하여 T1(닭 가슴살 수리미: pH 11.0, 0.3% 인산염 첨가), T2(닭 가슴살 수리미: pH 11.0, 5% 솔비톨+0.3% 인산염 첨가) 및 T3(닭 가슴살 수리미 : pH 11.0, 4% 설탕+5% 솔비톨+0.3% 인산염 첨가) 처리구로 하여 시험한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 일반성분에서 대조구의 조단백질 함량이 처리구에 비해 높았지만, 수분, 조지방 및 조회분 함량은 T3 처리구가 높았다. pH, 보수성 및 콜라겐 함량은 대조구가 모든 처리구에 비해 높았고, 대조구와 모든 처리구는 저장기간이 경과함에 따라 현저하게 감소하였다(p<0.05). 콜레스테롤 함량은 대조구가 처리구에 비해 낮았지만, 근원섬유단백질 함량은 모든 처리구가 대조구에 비해 현저하게 높았다(p<0.05). 가열감량은 T2 처리구가 대조구와 다른 처리구에 비해 낮았다 $L^*$값, $a^*$값 및 $b^*$값은 전 저장기간 동안 모든 처리구가 대조구에 비해 높았고, 처리구간에는 T1 처리구가 T2 및 T3 처리구에 비해 현저하게 높았다(p<0.05). 저장기간이 경과함에 따라 T1과 T3 처리구는 $L^*$값이 감소하여 냉동저장 직후에 비해 저장 1.5개월에 현저하게 감소하였지만, $a^*$값은 증가하였다(p<0.05). W값은 냉동저장 직후에는 대조구와 모든 처리구 간에 차이가 없었고, 저장 1.5와 3개월에는 T3 처리구가 대조구와 T1 처리구에 비해 현저하게 높았다(p<0.05). Myoglobin 함량과 met-Mb 비율은 대조구와 모든 처리구 간에 유사하였으며, met-Mb 비율은 저장기간이 경과함에 따라 증가하였다(p<0.05). 경도는 냉동저장 직후에 대조구가 모든 처리구에 비해 높았지만, 저장 1.5와 3개월에는 현저하게 낮았다(p<0.05). 경도는 저장기간이 경과함에 따라 대조구는 냉동저장 직후에 비해 1.5개월에 감소하였지만, 모든 처리구는 냉동저장 직후에 비해 저장 1.5개월에 현저하게 증가하였다.(p<0.05). 응집성과 검성은 냉동저장 직후에 대조구가 모든 처리구에 비해 높았지만, 냉동저장 1.5와 3개월에는 T3 처리구가 대조구와 다른 처리구에 비해 현저하게 높았다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과에서 대조구가 모든 처리구에 비해 pH와 보수성이 높았고, 콜레스테롤 함량이 낮았다. 그러나 냉동변성 방지제 첨가와 pH 조절한 수리미는 저장기간 동안 염용성단백질 함량이 높고 안정된 조직감을 나타내었다. This study was conducted to determine the effect of cryoprotectants (sugar, sorbitol, polyphosphate) on the physico-chemical characteristics of chicken breast surimi manufactured by pH adjustment (pH 11.0) during freezing storage. The final surimi was divided into experimental units to which the following treatments were randomly assigned: C (Alaska pollack surimi: two washings, 4% sugar +5% sorbitol ${\pounds}'$ 0.3% polyphosphate additive): T1 (chicken breast surimi: pH 11.0 adjusted, 0.3% polyphosphate additive): T2 (chicken breast surimi pH 11.0 adjusted, 5% sorbitol +0.3% polyphosphate additive); T3 (chicken breast surimi: pH 11.0 adjusted, 4% sugar +5% sorbitol +0.3% polyphosphate additive). The crude protein content of the control was higher than all treated samples, however the moisture, crude fat and crude ash of T3 were higher than the control (p<0.05). The pH, WHC and collagen content of the control were higher than all of the treated samples, and these values decreased with storage time for all treatments and the control (p<0.05). The cholesterol content of the control was lower than all treated samples, but the myofibrillar protein contents of all treated samples were higher than the control (p<0.05). The cooking loss of T2 was lower than the control and the other two treatments (p<0.05). The $L^*,\;a^*\;and\;b^*$ values of all treated samples were higher than those of the control during freezing storage (p<0.05). The W value of T3 at 1.5 and 3 months of freezing storage was higher than the control and T1 (p<0.05). The myoglobin and met-Mb contents of the control were similar to all treated samples, and the met-Mb content of the control and all treated samples increased with storage time (p<0.05). Immediately after freezing, the hardness of the control was higher than all treated samples, however it was lower after 1.5 and 3 months of frozen storage (p<0.05). The cohesiveness and gumminess of the control were higher than all treated samples immediately after freezing, however the values for T3 were higher than those of the control and the other two treatments during frozen storage for 1.5 and 3 months (p<0.05).
Park, Sang-Je,Kim, Young-Hyun,Lee, Sang-Rae,Choe, Se-Hee,Kim, Myung-Jin,Kim, Sun-Uk,Kim, Ji-Su,Sim, Bo-Woong,Song, Bong-Seok,Jeong, Kang-Jin,Jin, Yeung-Bae,Lee, Youngjeon,Park, Young-Ho,Park, Young Il Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2015 Molecules and cells Vol.38 No.11
BCS1L gene encodes mitochondrial protein and is a member of conserved AAA protein family. This gene is involved in the incorporation of Rieske FeS and Qcr10p into complex III of respiratory chain. In our previous study, AluYRa2-derived alternative transcript in rhesus monkey genome was identified. However, this transcript has not been reported in human genome. In present study, we conducted evolutionary analysis of AluYRa2-exonized transcript with various primate genomic DNAs and cDNAs from humans, rhesus monkeys, and crabeating monkeys. Remarkably, our results show that AluYRa2 element has only been integrated into genomes of Macaca species. This Macaca lineage-specific integration of AluYRa2 element led to exonization event in the first intron region of BCS1L gene by producing a conserved 3' splice site. Intriguingly, in rhesus and crabeating monkeys, more diverse transcript variants by alternative splicing (AS) events, including exon skipping and different 5' splice sites from humans, were identified. Alignment of amino acid sequences revealed that AluYRa2-exonized transcript has short N-terminal peptides. Therefore, AS events play a major role in the generation of various transcripts and proteins during primate evolution. In particular, lineage-specific integration of Alu elements and species-specific Alu-derived exonization events could be important sources of gene diversification in primates.