http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etching of titanium nitride thin films in a Cl₂/Ar plasma
Su Ryun Min,Han Na Cho,Yue Long Li,Sung Keun Lim,Seung Pil Choi,Chee Won Chung 한국공업화학회 2008 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.14 No.3
An inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etching of TiN thin films was carried out using a Cl₂/Ar gas chemistry. The etch characteristics such as the etch rate and etch profile were investigated by varying gas concentration and etch parameters including coil radio frequency (rf) power, dc-bias voltage and gas pressure. As the Cl₂ concentration increased, the etch rates of TiN thin films increased while the sidewall slopes of the etched films became slanted without the redeposition or etch residues. With increasing coil rf power and dc-bias voltage, the etch rates increased and etch slope became steep. Gas pressure has a little effect on etch rate and better etch profile was obtained at low gas pressure. Finally, highly anisotropic etching of TiN thin a film using a photoresist mask was achieved at the optimized etch condition.
Histopathologic risk factors for lymph node metastasis in patients with T1 colorectal cancer
Ryun Kyong Ha,Kyung Su Han,Dae Kyung Sohn,Byung Chang Kim,Chang Won Hong,Hee Jin Chang,Jong Hee Hyun,Min Jung Kim,Sung Chan Park,Jae Hwan Oh 대한외과학회 2017 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.93 No.5
Purpose: Evaluating the risk of lymph node metastasis (LNM) is critical for determining subsequent treatments following endoscopic resection of T1 colorectal cancer (CRC). This study analyzed histopathologic risk factors for LNM in patients with T1 CRC. Methods: This study involved 745 patients with T1 CRC who underwent endoscopic (n = 97) or surgical (n = 648) resection between January 2001 and December 2015 at the National Cancer Center, Korea. LNM in endoscopically resected patients, which could not be evaluated directly, was estimated indirectly based on follow-up results and histopathologic reports of salvage surgery. The relationships of depth of submucosal invasion, histologic grade, budding, vascular invasion, and background adenoma with LNM were evaluated statistically. Results: Of the 745 patients, 91 (12.2%) were found to be positive for LNM. Univariate and multivariate analyses identified deep submucosal invasion (P = 0.010), histologic high grade (P < 0.001), budding (P = 0.034), and vascular invasion (P < 0.001) as risk factors for LNM. Among the patients with one, two, three, and four risk factors, 6.0%, 18.7%, 36.4%, and 100%, respectively, were positive for LNM. Conclusion: Deep submucosal invasion, histologic high grade, budding, and vascular invasion are risk factors for LNM in patients with T1 colorectal cancer. If any of these risk factors are present, additional surgery following endoscopic resection should be determined after considering the potential risk of LNM and each patient’s situation.
Min Sun Kim,Jun Seo Goo,Ji Eun Kim,So Hee Nam,Sun Il Choi,Hye Ryun Lee,In Sik Hwang,Sun Bo Shim,Seung Wan Jee,Su Hae Lee,Chang Joon Bae,Jung Sik Cho,Jun Yong Cho,Dae Youn Hwang 한국실험동물학회 2011 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.27 No.1
Exercise training is highly correlated with the reduced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), although it enhanced insulin sensitivity, glucose uptake and glucose transporter expression to reduce severity of diabetic symptoms. This study investigated the impact of short-term swimming exercise on insulin regulation in the Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rat as a non-obese model of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Wistar (W/S) and GK rats were trained 2 hours daily with the swimming exercise for 4 weeks, and then the changes in the metabolism of insulin and glucose were assessed. Body weight was markedly decreased in the exercised GK rats compare to their non-exercised counterpart, while W/S rats did not show any exercise-related changes. Glucose concentration was not changed by exercise, although impaired glucose tolerance was improved in GK rats 120 min after glucose injection. However, insulin concentration was decreased by swimming exercise as in the decrease of GSIS after running exercise. To identify the other cause for exercise-induced insulin down-regulation, the changes in the levels of key factors involved in insulin production (C-peptide) and clearance (insulin-degrading enzyme; IDE) were measured in W/S and GK rats. The C-peptide level was maintained while IDE expression increased markedly. Therefore, these results showed that insulin down-regulation induced by short-term swimming exercise likely attributes to enhanced insulin clearance via IDE over-expression than by altered insulin production.
Hepatic Steatosis Is a Significant Factor for Breast Cancer Recurrence after Curative Surgery
( Se Ryun Bae ),( Young-sun Lee ),( Su Min Bang ),( Yoon Seok Lee ),( Ji Hoon Kim ),( Sun Young Yim ),( Young Kul Jung ),( Yeon Seok Seo ),( Hyung Joon Yim ),( Jong Eun Yeon ),( Soon Ho Um ),( Kwan So 대한간학회 2021 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2021 No.1