베타-글루쿠로니다제에 의한 황련ㆍ황금 공침물의 가수분해 및 생체이용률 증가

김미정,김남순,김영일,김대근,양재헌 한국약제학회 2003 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.33 No.2

During the preparation of decoction from the mixture of Coptidis Rhizoma and Scutellariae Radix, insoluble copreciptate was formed. The coprecipitated product(COP) was composed of berberine and baicalin which was the active ingredient of Coptidis Rhizoma and Scutellariae Radix, respectively. COP was slightly soluble in water and could not be well absorbed after oral administration. This poor bioavailibility might be associated with its poor aqueous solubility. With the purpose of increasing the solubility and bioavailibility of COP, hydrolysis of COP by β-glucuronidase was carried out. Hydrolyzed products (HOP) of COP were identified and assayed for active ingredients. The partition coefficient study, in situ absorption test, and pharmacokinetic study after oral administration were also performed. COP was found to be consisted of berberine and baicalin with molecular ratio or 1 to 1. This compound was hydrolyzed to berberine and baicalin by β-glucuronidase. The rate of hydrolysis was higher at higher temperature up to 50℃ and higher concentration of β-glucuronidase up to 2500 unit under our experimental conditions. Baicalein, which is more liphophilic than baicalin, showed greater absorption in small intestine than baicalin did. The plasma concentrations of berberine and baicalein after oral administration of HOP were significantly higher than those of COP. The possible mechanism of increased bioavailibility of berberine and baicalein could be the hydrolysis of COP by β-glucuronidase. On the basis of the above results, it might be said that HOP should be a suitable preparation for increasing the bioavailibility of Coptidis Rhizoma and Scutellariae Radix.

유치 및 초기 영구치아의 치수 신경분포

김영진,남순현,김현정,이재문,이인정 大韓小兒齒科學會 1996 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.23 No.2

유치 및 초기 영구치의 치수신경분포 및 변화를 평가하기 위하여 교정치료를 위해 발치한 치근흡수가 비교적 적은 유치,정상 탈락기의 유치,맹출중인 교합하지 않은 제 1소구치,맹출이 완료되어 교합하고 있는 1소구치를 대상으로 neurofilament protein(NEP)을 이용한 면역조직화학적 방법으로 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 치근흡수가 비교적 적은 유치에서도 영구치와 유사한 신경총의 존재와 신경분포 형태가 관찰되었으나,영구치에 비해 그 신경분포 밀도가 낮았으며 분지형성 또한 미약하게 나타났고,전상아질로 진입하는 섬유의 수가 적었다. 정상탈락기의 유치에서는 신경의 변성으로 소포(vesicle),단절(fragmentation)등이 관찰되었으며,그 신경분포가 현저히 감소되어 나타났고,총상의 형태도 소실되었다. 교합하지 않은 제 1소구치에서 치수내의 신경은 말단가지의 숫자가 적고,치수 조상아 세포 경계에 도달하였으며,비교적 가는 신경 섬유가 많았다. 교합하고 있는 제 1소구치에서 치수내의 신경은 말단이 조상아층으로 진출하고,어떤 신경섬유는 전상아질층까지 진입하였으며,비교적 굵은신경 섬유의 분포가 많아졌다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution of nerves in the dental pulp of early extracted primary teeth,normal exfoliated teeth,partially-erupted,nonfunctional,premolars,and erupted,functional,premolars.Numbers of sample were 10 teeth in each group. The distribution of nerves in the dental pulp were investigated by means of immunohistochemistry for detection of neurofilament protein(NFP). The results were as follows: The early extracted primary teeth exhibited patterns of innervation similar to those observed for young permanent teeth.The plexiform arrangement of fibers was not evident in the primary teeth.Most nerves appear to terminate about the odontoblasts. As primary teeth began to undergo root resorption,degenerative changes such as vesicles and fragmentation appear in nerves.The quantity of neural tissue also decreased.In teeth in which the roots were almost completely resorbed only a small number of nerves remain. There was a decrease in the number of terminal branches in the pulp of the partiallyerupted,nonfunctional,premolars and those present reached the pulpo-odontoblastic border. The nerve terminals in the pulp of the erupted,functional,premolars were traced to the dentinal tubule and a few nerve fibers formed loops in the predentin.

서울지역 여대생들의 떡에 대한 인식 및 섭취 실태 조사

김영순,오순덕,김향미,신지홍,김현경,배유미,조규영,조성환 高麗大學校 倂設 保健大學 保健科學硏究所 2003 保健科學論集 Vol.29 No.1

This study conducted a survey of the improvement and popularization for Korea Rice Cakes, a Korean traditional food, on two hundred women students in five colleges in Seoul, Korea. It was investigated to get the information of the recognition, preference, and consumption patterns for the succession and improvement of Korean Rice Cakes. The results are as follows: 1. A portion of 41.5% among responders knows from three to six kinds of Korean Rice Cakes, and of 28% can make at least one among the kinds of Korean Rice Cakes. 2. A portion of 91% recognizes that Korean Rice Cakes are one of well-nourished food, but of 42% answers that Korean Rice Cakes cannot be replaced with the principle food. Also, there are no significant differences in the recognition of Korean Rice Cakes as the kinds of religions. 3. The frequency of purchase is about one or twice in a month (35.5%). Consumers (36.5%) intend to purchase Korean Rice Cakes for the commemoration of national holidays or anniversaries. 4. The reasons for the preference of other foods more than Korean Rice Cakes are the easiness of purchase (36.0%), the deliciousness (21.5%), the diverse kindness (17.5%), and the proper package (9.5%). It is important that constant and particular school / home education is need to improve and success Korean Rice Cakes.

보건소 이용 노인의 미충족 의료요구

김정희,김영숙,김명순 노인간호학회 1999 노인간호학회지 Vol.1 No.2

This study examines the unmet medical care needs and their determinants of the elderly who use the public health center located in the city. Secondary analysis was done using the data collected in 1996 from 356 elderly, 60 years or older, living in the community. The data were analyzed by x² test and the multiple logistic regression. Of the subjects, 29.5% had the unmet needs. Joint problem of the lower extremities was the most prevalent symptoms/ illnesses of the unmet needs, followed by rheumatoid arthritis. As for the unmet examinations/treatments, physical therapy was the most prevalent, followed by health examination and dentures. Analysis of the logistic regression mode] revealed subjective physical health as the most important predictor for having an unmet need. Compared to those with "good" subjective physical health, those with "bad," or "very bad" health tend to have an unmet need. The odds of the unmet needs for the old-old decreased by 51.9% compared to the odds of the young-old, which was partly attributed to under-representation of disabled old people. Those with difficulties in subjective economic status tend to have an unmet need. These results suggest the need for delivering medical services to the low- income elderly. Particular attention should be given to providing dentures and to managing chronic degenerative disease.

외과적 노출술을 이용한 매복된 하악 제 1 대구치의 자발적 맹출 유도

김은정,김난진,조호진,김현정,김영진,남순현 大韓小兒齒科學會 2004 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.31 No.4

하악 제 1대구치 매복의 발생 빈도는 전체 인구의 0.01%로 드물게 나타난다. 매복의 원인으로는 맹출 공간의 부족, 과잉치, 치성 종양이나 낭과 같은 맹출로상의 장애물, 유전적 요인, 내분비 질환, 외상 등이 있다. 하악 제 1대구치의 매복으로 인해 하안면 고경의 감소, 낭의 형성, 치관 주위염, 인접치의 치근 흡수, 부정 교합 등의 부작용이 생길 수 있으며, 치료 방법으로는 외과적 노출술, 교정적 견인, 외과적 재위치술, 발거 등이 있다. 다음의 두 증례는 하악 제 1대구치의 미맹출을 주소로 내원한 환아에게 외과적 노출술을 시행하여 원심 경사 매복된 하악 제 1대구치의 자발적 맹출을 유도한 증례들이다. Impaction of mandibular first molar is relatively rare and its overall frequency has been reported to be 0.01%. The etiology of impaction are lack of eruption space, physical obstacles such as supernumerary teeth, odontomas or odontogenic tumors, hereditary factors, functional disturbances of endocrine glands and traumas. Impaction of mandibular first molar can result in a short lower facial height, formation of a follicular cyst, pericoronal inflammation, resorption of the roots of neighboring teeth and malocclusion. The treatment options available for impacted teeth include surgical exposure, orthodontic forced eruption, surgical repositioning and surgical removal of unerupted molar. This report presents two cases of distally tilted and impacted mandibular first molars which were treated by surgical exposure. In these cases, we could observe spontaneous eruption of the impacted mandibular first molars after surgical exposure.

Checking System vs. Non-Checking System in Syntax

Kim,Young-Soon(Young Soon Kim) 국제한국어교육학회 1997 한국어 교육 Vol.8 No.-

학교 문화예술교육 정책의 내용 계열성에 관한 연구

김영순,전영은 한국문화교육학회 2011 문화예술교육연구 Vol.6 No.4

이 연구의 목적은 김대중 정부부터 이명박 정부에 이르기까지 학교 문화예술교육 정책의 내용 관련 계열성을 분석하여 학교 정책의 변화추이를 제시하는 데 있다. 이 연구에서는 문화정책백서, 문화예술교육정책백서, 문화향수 실태조사 및 문화예술교육 정책 관련 각종 연구보고서 등을 활용하여 김대중 정부, 노무현 정부, 이명박 정부의 학교 문화예술교육의 내용들을 파악하였다. 먼저 계열성을 분석하기 위하여 두 가지 분석 준거를 제시하였다. 그 다음으로 각 정부의 학교 문화예술교육 정책에 대하여 살펴보았으며, 학교 문화예술교육을 위하여 시행한 사업을 구체적으로 기술하였다. 김대중 정부의 학교 문화예술교육 사업은 교과 시간의 예술교육, 재량시간, 방과 후 교육, 강사풀제 등이 있었으며, 노무현 정부의 학교 문화예술교육 사업은 교과 시간의 예술교육, 예술강사 지원사업, 학교-지역사회 연계 문화예술교육 시범사업, 문화예술교육 선도학교 지원사업, 문화예술분야 교원 전문성 강화 지원, 예술꽃씨앗학교 지원사업, 방과 후 교실 지원, 학교축제지원, 폐교활용 지원 등이 있었다. 또한 현 이명박 정부의 학교 문화예술교육 사업은 교과시간의 예술교육, 예술강사 지원사업, 예술꽃씨앗학교 지원사업, 문화예술교육 선도학교 지원사업, 특별강사제도 운영, 문화예술분야교원 전문성 강화 지원, 초등학교 바둑교실 지원사업, 문화예술교육기회 확대사업, 명예교사 운영사업, 소외계층 아동청소년 문화예술교육 지원사업, 유아문화예술교육 지원사업 등을 시행하였다. 이 연구는 각 정부의 학교 문화예술교육 정책 내용 관련 계열성을 교과시간의 예술교육, 예술강사 지원사업, 문화예술분야 교원 전문성 강화 지원, 문화예술교육 선도학교 지원사업 등 네 가지의 사업을 각 정부 정책의 내용에 따라 중복, 차이, 강조, 발전, 확대의 개념으로 분석하였다. The purpose of this study is to analyze how Korean Arts and Culture Education of School Policy Contents from the Kim Dae-jung government to Lee Myung-bak government are changed. The sequence will be examined by analyzing the Arts and Culture Education of School of Kim Dae-jung government to Lee Myung-bak government. Above all, the Arts and Culture Education of School Business and Policy Contents will be mainly studied. First of all, this study will be deal with two forms that present sequence analyze methode of each government Arts and Culture Education of School Policies. The criterion of the analysis of the sequence are repetition, difference, emphasis, development, and expansion. This study is analysed on the each government policy contents of the books published by Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism(MCST), Korea Arts and Culture Education Service, Korea Culture and Tourism Institute, particularly the Culture Policy white paper from 2001 to 2009, 2006 Arts and Culture Education Policy white paper.

HMG-CoA 환원효소 억제제에 의한 ICAM-1 유전자의 발현조절

김현진,정효균,홍우정,김군순,조영석,김도희,채수흥,구본정,송민호,노흥규,김영건 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 2001 충남의대잡지 Vol.28 No.1

Background : ICAM-1 act as one of major adhesion molecules in the atherosclerotic lesion. ICAM-1 expression is mainly regulated at the level of transcription and depend on IFN-γ signal transduction pathway in which the STAT1 transcrption factor is a critical intermediate. IFN-γreceptor not only initiates tyrosine 701 phosphorylation of STAT1 by Jak1 and Jak2, but also phosphorylates serine 727 through the activation of Raf-1/MAP kinases. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors have anti-atherosclertic effects, beyond normalization of hypercholesterolemia, by directly acting on endothelial cells, macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors suppress the synthesis of isoprenoid intermediates such as geranylgeranyl-pyrophosphate or farnesylpyrophosphate. These effects results inhibitors suppress the synthesis of isoprenoid intermediates such as geranylgeranyl-pyrophosphate or farnesylpyrophosphate. These effects results inhibition posttranslational farnesylation and geranyl-geranylation processing of small GTP-binding preoteins and inhibition of normal signaling activities. Method : We made several 5'-deletion constructs of rat ICAM-1 promoter and analyzed the promoter activities by measuring the luciferase activity after transfection into ECV304 cells and smooth muscle cells. We checked the level of total and phosphorylated STAT1 protein by immunoblot analysis using specific antibodies. Results : Lovastatin inhibits IFN-γ-induced ICAM-1 gene expression in the ECV304cell. The cells pretreated with PD98059, MEKK inhibitor showed significantly low ICAM-1 RNA induction with IFN-γ stimulatio. IFN-γ induced phosphorylation of tyrosine 701 was not significantly changed by the pretreatment of lovastatin. But lovastatin suppresses IFN-γ-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/ERK2 which are responsible for the seine 727 phosphorylation in STAT1. Conclusion : We showed that HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, lovastatin, suppresses IFN-γ mediated ICAM-1 gene expression through the inhibition of transcription. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor suppresses IFN-γ-induced phosphorylation of serine 727 in STAT1 through the modulation of MAP kinases.

양성 갑상선 결절에서의 무수 알코올 치료 효과

김도희,나소영,이효진,홍우정,김군순,조영석,구본정,송민호,김영건,노흥규 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2002 충남의대잡지 Vol.29 No.1

목적 : 양성 갑상선 결절 환자에서의 PEI의 치료효과 및 부작용을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 양성 갑상선 결절 환자 88명을 대상으로 초음파 소견에 따라 낭종성 결절, 복합성 결절, 고형성 결절 등 세 그룹으로 분류후 전체 및 각각에 대한 PEI의 치료효과 및 부작용을 조사하였다. 결과 : 양성 갑상선 결절 환자 88명을 PEI로 치료후 결절의 크기가 50%이상 감소한 경우는 전체 환자중 77.2%이었고 각 결절별로 살펴보면 고형성 결절에서 52.6%, 복합성 결절에서 72.4%, 낭종성 결절은 92.5%이었다. 부작용은 동통, 결절내 출혈, 감염, 결절의 누출등이 있었으나 대부분 무증상이었다. 결론 : PEI는 양성 갑상선 결절 환자증 적응증을 잘 살펴 고려해 볼 수 있는 치료법이라 생각되며 특히 낭종성 결절 환자에서 주사기에 의한 흡인후에 재발한 경우 일차적인 치료로 PEI를 고려해 볼 수 있겠다. Ultrasonography(US)-guided percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) has been performed for the treatment of autonomous functioning thyroid nodules, thyroid cysts, & cold thyroid nodules. The author studied the efficacy of PEI in the treatment of benign cold thyroid nodules both solid and cystic (complex & pure). Eighty-eight euthyroid outpatients (age:44.2±13.9years, 75 women and 13 men) with benign cold thyroid nodules or simple thyroid cysts (69 with a single nodule and 19 with a prominent nodule within multinodular goiter) were includied in this study. After PEI, each subtype of thyroid nodules was divided into three groups in according to volume reduction complete response (90% or more of volume reduction), partial response (50% or more of reducton but below 90%), and failure (below 50% or increase in size) group. Overall response rates of PEI for benign thyroid nodules were complete 45(51.1%), partial 23(26.1%), failure 20(22.7%). In 20 cold solid nodules, complete response was observed in 6(30.0%), partial response in 5(25.0%), and failure in 9(45.0%). In 28 complex cysts, complete response was observed in 8(28.6%), partial response in 12 (42.9%), and failure in 8(28.6%). In 40 pure cysts, complete response was observed in 31(77.5%), partial response in 6 (15.0%), and failure in 3 (7.5%). Side effects comprised pain 8 (9.2%), intranodular bleeding 13 (14.6%), extracapsular leakage 1(1.1%), infection 1 (1.1%), increased size l(1.1%), and none 64(72.7%). PEI may prove a safe & effective tool for the therapy of cold thyroid nodules in selected cases and may be the treatment of choice of recurrent thyroid cysts. However, further investigation involving a larger number of patients and a longer follow-up is needed.

대동맥 협착증과 동반된 출혈성 위장관 동정맥 기형에서 Estrogen-Progesterone 치료 1예

김도연,김화정,김효정,남준식,박수영,박영미,신정은,주미순,황민규,정혜경,손혜영,이선영,이한주 大韓消化器內視鏡學會 1999 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.19 No.부록2