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일부 지역 제조업체 안전·보건관계자들의 지식 및 태도에 관한 연구
송영표,리갑수,이성수,안규동,이병국 순천향대학교 산업의학연구소 1996 순천향산업의학 Vol.2 No.1
The useful preventive measure for industrial accidents in manufacturing industries could be achieved through automation, education of workers on safety, proper work practice and etc. The success of prevention of industrial accident could be haevily relied on the awareness of accident prevention of workers and management personnel in each industries. In order to obtain general awareness of industrial accident in terms of knowledge and attitude and to provide useful information for the proper preventive measure of industrial accident, questionnaire survey was done with manufacturing industries in Chunan area which has 5 and more workers. Questionnaire with 50 question items were sent to 570 relevant personnels in 471 manufacturing industries. Out of 560, 460 relevant personnel replied to the questionnaire. The results obtained were as follow; 1. While most manufacturing industries(391 industries, 86.7%) under study reported that they had full time occupational safety and health personnel, only 30 manufacturing industries(6.5%) with legal requirement of such personnel did not have relevant ones. 2. Most popular position for the personnel of safety and health duty were section chief(33.2%), and 46.8% of safety and health personnel were in the age group of 30-39. Whereas 66.9% of them were titled as production chief and management chief. 3. Most safety and health personnel(98.5%) reported that disseminated information from professional organization of occupational safety and health were very useful to carry out their safety and health duties. 4. Eight one percent respondent received safety education from governmental organization or affiliated institute and most of them (97.3%) reported that such education was very effective. 5. While 61.8% of respondent reported the necessity of field inspection by inspector for routine and consultation, 30.0% of respondent wanted document inspection without real field inspection. But most respondent replied that such inspections were useful for conducting safety and health prevention. 6. While 93.7% of respondent thought that accident prevention were helpful for production, 88.8% and 86.0 of them replied that accident prevention could influence the cost of production and quality of products, respectively which eventually influenced the competitiveness of each industries. 7. Eighty five percent of respondent replied that accident could be prevented with educational, personal and material resources. 8. While 96.5% of respondent replied that their industries provided safety education, out of them 26.2% industries thought that their safety education were superficial. The most popular frequency of safety education was once per month(56.0%) and 31.0% industries provided once a week. On the other hand 13.1% of industries provided every day safety education on regular basis. 9. While 45.2% of respondent replied that employer had strong commitment for safety and health, 41.3% of respondent replied that there were some changes and progression of employer's attitude for safety and health issues. 10. While 49.2% of respondent replied the necessity of legal requirement of safety personnel, 45.8% of respondent replied that voluntary requirement for safety personnel were more practical and helpful for accident prevention. 11. The necessity of periodic health examination were replied from most respondent(90.0%) and 73.0% of respondent thought that periodic health examination were helpful for the promotion of worker's health, but 56.4% of respondent criticized that periodic health examination were superficial and needed revision of content and method of periodic health examination. 12. Most respondent(92.7%) agreed the necessity of environmental measurement and 64.4% of respondent had their confidence on the result of environmental measurement, whereas 56.7% of respondent replied that their industries were repaired and improved according to the recommendation of environmental measurement and 85.6% of respondent replied that some kind of countermeasure for the recommendation such as supplies of personal protective equipments were done.
류승희,권명자,송영옥,송영선,문갑순 인제대학교 2003 仁濟論叢 Vol.18 No.1
김치는 배추를 주재료로 하여 마늘, 고추, 생강 등의 양념류를 포함하는 여러 재료들로 만들어지며 이들 재료 중에는 항산화효과를 가진 것으로 알려진 성분들이 많이 함유되어 있어 김치도 항산화효과를 나타낼 것으로 여겨진다. In vitro 실험계 및 세포 모델계에서 김치 재료 및 김치의 항산화효과는 확인된바 있으나 In vivo 시스템에서의 김치의 항산화효과에 관한 자료는 부족하다. 따라서 본 실험에서는 김치 섭취의 생체 내 항산화효과를 규명하기 위하여 흰쥐에게 동결건조한 김치 3, 5, 10% 첨가 식이를 6주간 섭취시키면서 간조직의 산화와 항산화효소계의 활성을 측정하였다. 간의 MDA 함량은 대조군에 비해 김치 투여군에서 낮았고 특히 5% 김치섭취군에서 현저히 낮은 값을 나타내었다. 단백질 산화를 나타내는 카르보닐 함량도 대조군에 비해 김치섭취군에서 낮아 생체 내에서 김치식이가 과산화물 생성 억제효과를 나타내었다. 항산화 효소계의 활성을 측정한 결과 SOD 활성은 대조군에 비해 김치섭취군에서 현저하게 높았고 김치첨가 함량이 증가할수록 SOD 활성이 유의적으로 높아져 10% 김치섭취군에서는 대조군에 비해 70% 이상 높은 활성을 나타내었다. Catalase 활성은 각 군에서 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않았으나 GSH-px의 활성은 김치 섭취가 높을수록 상대적으로 높은 증가율을 나타내어 SOD 활성과 동일한 경향을 나타내었다. 따라서 김치식이는 생체 내에서 치질 및 단백질 과산화를 현저하게 억제하였고 항산화효소계인 SOD와 GSH-px의 활성을 농도의존적으로 증진시켜 김치식이가 체내의 산화적 스트레스를 효과적으로 억제하는데 기여함을 알 수 있었다. Kimchi is a Kruean traditional fermented food containing various ingredients such as Chinese cabbage, garlic, ginger, red pepper and fish sauce. Some of their components were known as its antioxidative activities and antioxidative effects of kimchi have been studied using in vitro and cell model system. To investigate the antioxidative effect of dietary kimchi, 4 groups of male S.D. rats (n=36) were fed 0, 3%, 5%, and 10% freeze-dried kimchi for 6 weeks and hepatic lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and the activities of antioxidative enzymes were measured. Hepatic MDA content fed kimchi diet was lower than control diet. Protein carbonyl values were decreased in kimchi diet group, but not significant. SOD activities were significantly increased in kimchi added groups at dose-dependent manner. At 10% kimchi added group, SOD activity increased by 70% compared with control diet group. Catalase activities were not different between experimental groups and control group, whereas GSH-px activities were significantly increased in kimchi added group. As a result kimchi diet inhibited lipid and protein oxidation and induced antioxidative enzymes, SOD and GSH-px in rat hepatic tissue. It suggests that dietary kimchi is expected to prevent the oxidative stress in animal and human.
Euro-6(c) 입자상 물질 개수(PN) 규제 대응 GDI 차량 실도로 내구를 통한 GPF 시스템 PN 제거 성능 검증
정갑순(Gap-soon Jung),송진우(Jin-woo Song),윤기영(Ki-young Yoon),인치범(Chi-bum In) 한국자동차공학회 2014 한국자동차공학회 부문종합 학술대회 Vol.2014 No.5
In this study, a optimized GPF system was verified with 160,000 km fleet durability test conducted with GDI vehicle by the first in Korea. The GPF system could meet the Euro-6(c) PN regulation at all given mileage, and soot accumulation was not found at low speed driving, < 50kph, until 20,000 km. And the getting higher PN removal efficiency and back pressure were observed with increasing mileage, thanks to the ash accumulation in GPF. The accumulated ash played key role to increase back pressure of the GPF, and the shape of ash was deeply related with the exhaust gas flow distribution. Eelemental analysis of the ash was well matched with the lubricant oil such as P, Zn, Ca.
EFFECTS OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE AND NALOXONE ON MOUTH OPENING REFLEX
Seo,Young-Ah,Park,Min-Gap,Song,Hyung-Geun,Lee,Sang-ho 大韓小兒齒科學會 1998 대한소아치과학회지 Vol.25 No.2
악안면 영역에 동통이 가하여지면 회피반사의 일종인 개구반사가 유발되며, 개구반사의 크기는 뇌간의 중추에 전달된 동통의 크기에 비례한다. 따라서 동통의 정도를 악이복근의 근전도를 이용하여 정량화 할 수 있고 동통의 지표로 이용할 수 있다. 본 실험은 악안면동통에 의하여 유발된 개구반사의 크기가 침점(족삼리) 전기자극으로 감소되는지와 이러한 전기침의 효과가 나타나는데 opioid물질이 관여하는지에 대하여 연구하고자 하였다. 8주 이상, 150g이상의 Sprague-Dawley계 쥐 34마리를 암수 구별없이 이용하여 실험하였다. 북강내 Urethane 용액(1.5g/kg)을 주입 전신마취하고 악이복근을 노출시켜 근전도 기록을 위한 한쌍의 선전극을 삽입하였다. 동통유발을 위하여 구강내 하악 이공주변에 0.1min의 선전극을 한쌍 삽입하고 전기자극기에 연결하였다. 유해자극 조건은 duration 100μsec, interval 5sec의 pulse로 정하고 자극의 크기는 개구반사를 일으키는 역치의 2배 크기로 하여 매 측정시마다 동일자극을 10회식 가하여 평균하였다. 침점의 전기자극을 위하여 침점의 하나인 족삼리(Zusanli)에 표면 전극(넓이 0.4㎠정도)을 부착하고 자극부위가 약한 근수축을 일으키는 강도인 100μsec, 5V, 2Hz의 자극을 20분간 가하였다. 악이복근의 근전도는 교류증폭기(Dam80, WPI, USA)에서 1000배 증폭하여 유해자극이 가해진 순간 oscilloscope에서 관찰하여 그 크기를 측정하였다. 침점의 전기자극으로 나타나는 진통효과가 opioid의 분비와 관련있는지 알아보기 위하여 opioid의 길항체인 naloxone(0.2mg/kg)을 복강내로 투여하였다. 실험군을 4군(group Ⅰ-Ⅳ)으로 분류하였고 각 군에서 근전도를 측정한 단계는 다음과 같다. groupⅠ: control. 침점에 전기자극 20분간 가한후(EA), 20분후(EA20) groupⅡ: control. 침점에 전기자극 20분간 가한후(EA), naloxone 투여 20분후(NX) groupⅢ: control, naloxone 투여 5분후 침점에 전기자극 20분 가한후(NxEA20) groupⅣ: control, naloxone 투여 20분후(NX20) 구강내에 가해진 유해자극에 의하여 발생하는 악이복근 근전도는 족삼리 침점의 전기자극으로 그 크기가 감소하였고 이러한 침점자극의 효과는 naloxone의 투여로 인하여 억제되었다. 이와 같은 결과는 침점자극으로 진통작용이 나타나는데에 opioid 물질이 관여하고 있음을 시사한다.
꿩(Phasianus colchicus) 비만세포의 조직화학적 특징과 미세구조
이영훈(Young-Hoon Lee),김갑태(Gap-Tae Kim),한의혁(Eui-Hyeog Han),김형태(Hyoung Tae Kim),박병건(Byung Keon Park),이무삼(Moo Sam Lee),송창호(Chang Ho Song) 대한해부학회 2006 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.39 No.5
꿩(Phasianus colchicus) 비만세포(mast cell)에 관한 조직화학적 특징과 미세구조를 밝히기 위하여 본 연구를 실시하였다. 꿩의 혀(tongue)와 앞위(proventriculus), 돌창자(ileum), 파브리시우스주머니(fabricius bursa)의 조직을 10% 중성포르말린 용액 또는 카르노이 (Carnoy) 용액, 절반 농도의 카르노브스키 (half-strength Karnovsky) 용액으로 각각 고정한 다음, 툴루이딘청 (toluidine blue) 또는 알시안청 (alcian blue), 콩고적 (congo red), 알칼리김자(alkaline Giemsa) 염색을 각각 실시하여 광학현미경으로 비만세포를 관찰하였다. 또한 비만세포의 미세구조를 관찰하기 위하여 위와 같은 부위를 절취하여 절반 농도의 카르노브스키 용액과 1% 오스뮴산으로 고정한 다음 통상적인 방법에 따라 염색을 실시하여 전자현미경으로 관찰하였다. 10% 중성포르말린으로 고정된 모든 조직에서 4가지 염색으로 비만세포들을 관찰할 수 없었다. 카르노이 용액으로 고정된 일부 조직에서 비만세포들을 관찰할 수 있었으나 세포의 바깥 윤곽은 뚜렷하지 않았다. 절반 농도의 카르노브스키 용액으로 고정된 모든 조직에서 염색방법에 관계없이 비만세포와 세포질내 과립들이 잘 관찰되었다. 비만세포들은 대부분 난원형이었으나 삼각형, 방추형, 부정형도 관찰되었고 이들은 손가락모양의 세포질돌기를 가지고 있었다. 전자현 미경적 관찰에서 일부 비만세포에서 세포소기관들은 잘 발달되어 있었고, 세포질내 과립들은 원형 또는 부정형이었고 막으로 둘러 싸여 있었다. 과립안은 전자밀도가 높거나 낮은 망상형 또는 입자형, 스폰지형, 혼합형 구조들이었다. 꿩의 비만세포를 관찰하기 위 하여는 10% 중성포르말린이나 카르노이 용액을 이용한 고정 보다 절반농도의 카르노브스키 용액을 이용한 고정방법이 좋을 것으로 생각된다. This study describes the histochemical characteristics and ultrastructure of mast cells from tongue, proventriculus, ileum and fabricius bursa, in pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) by light and electron microscopy. We compared the stainability of 4 different methods, toluidine blue, alcian blue, congo red and alkaline Giemsa, to stain mast cell granules from fixed pheasant organs in three different fixatives, 10% neutral buffered formalin, Carnoy’s solution or half-strength Karnovsky’s solution. Mast cells in all experimental organs were not stained with 4 different staining methods after fixation in 10% neutral buffered formalin but well stained in fixed organs with half-strength Karnovsky’s solution. The mast cells had many metachromatic granules stained with toluidine blue or alkaline Giemsa and orthochromatic granules stained with alcian blue or congo red in tissues fixed in half-strength Karnovsky’s solution. In electron microscopy, pheasant mast cells were oval, triangular, spindle-like or irregular and had a few finger-like cytoplasmic processes. There were the membrane-bounded secretory granules and the well-developed organelles in mast cells. Internal large granules were oval or irregular, and had variable shape; some higher or lower electron density with homogeneous appearance; some had a particular appearance, and a few showed reticular or spongy-like structure. This indicates that 10% neutral buffered formalin or Carnoy’s fixation may be inadequate for detection of mast cells in pheasant, whereas the half-strength Karnovsky’s fixation provides metachromatic or orthochromatic staining of mast cell granules.