Application of a wet oxidation method for the quantification of ³H and ¹⁴C in low-level radwastes

Ahn, H.J.,Song, B.C.,Sohn, S.C.,Lee, M.H.,Song, K.,Jee, K.Y. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2013 Applied radiation and isotopes Vol.81 No.-

Wet oxidation methods are utilized to separate and quantify <SUP>3</SUP>H and <SUP>14</SUP>C radionuclides in inorganic and organic radwastes generated at nuclear facilities. Because <SUP>3</SUP>H and <SUP>14</SUP>C are pure beta emitters with half-lives of 12.3 and 5,730 years, respectively, these radionuclides should be chemically separated from other radionuclides present in radwastes for accurate quantification. In particular, a collection technique for <SUP>14</SUP>C radionuclide in radwastes is needed because it is converted into <SUP>14</SUP>CO<SUB>2</SUB> gas by an oxidation reaction. To confirm the recoveries of <SUP>3</SUP>H and <SUP>14</SUP>C, various standard radioactive sources were used to verify the proposed method. Because the majority of <SUP>3</SUP>H radionuclides are distributed in tritiated water (HTO), only tritiated water was used as a standard for <SUP>3</SUP>H radionuclides. Additionally, <SUP>14</SUP>C-labeled methanol (<SUP>14</SUP>CH<SUB>3</SUB>OH), lauric acid (<SUP>14</SUP>CH<SUB>3</SUB>(CH<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>10</SUB>COOH), sodium bicarbonate (NaH<SUP>14</SUP>CO<SUB>3</SUB>), and toluene (C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>5</SUB><SUP>14</SUP>CH<SUB>3</SUB>) were used as <SUP>14</SUP>C standards. The compounds were oxidized with chemical oxidants and then separated. The individual species were mixed with a scintillation cocktail and counted using a liquid scintillation counter. The recoveries of <SUP>14</SUP>C and <SUP>3</SUP>H were 82-97% and 98%, respectively. The wet oxidation method will be applied to RI wastes for clearance.

한국재래계의 염색체 분염 표지 분석

백규흠,이철영,상병돈,최철환,김학규,손시환 한국동물자원과학회 2003 한국축산학회지 Vol.45 No.1

본 연구에서는 국내 고유 재래 가축들의 유전정보와 유전학적 개량의 기초자료 제공을 목적으로 고분염 분석(high-resolution banding) 방법에 의한 한국재래계의 염색체 분염 표지를 제시하였다. 본 연구에 공시된 한국재래계로서의 축산기술연구소에서 계통화 시킨 황갈색 및 적갈색계통으로 이들이 생산한 수정란의 초기 배자를 이용하여 염색체 분석을 수행하였으며 닭의 초기배자에 EtBr 및 colchicine을 처리함으로써 보다 양호한 고정도 염색체를 획득하였다. 한국 재래계의 GTG-banding 결과 모든 상동염색체간에 뚜렷하고 특징적인 band 양상을 얻을 수 있었으며, Leghorn 및 국제표준핵형(ISSAK)과 비교시 염색체의 형태적 양상에서는 거의 차이가 없는 것으로 분석되었고 대표적 landmark간에도 거의 일치되는 양상을 보였다. 그러나 대부분의 한국재래계의 대형염색체에서 더 많은 G-band의 분리 양상을 보이고 특히 1번 및 Z염색체에서 특징적 분리 양상의 차이를 보였다. 한국재래계의 C-banding 분석에서는 세포별 heterochromatin의 다형성을 보이기는 하나 대부분의 염색체의 동원체와 말단부위에서 C-band가 나타났으며, Z 염색체 장완 말단부와 W 염색체 전체에서는 거의 모든 세포에서 C-band가 출현하였다. 또한 3번 염색체 동원체와 Z 염색체 장완 말단부에서 특징적 다형성을 나타내어 이들 염색체들에서는 상동염색체간 heterochromatin의 이형적 양상(heteromorphic)이 존재함을 밝혔다. The present study was carried out to establish the standard karyotype of the Korean Native Chicken and to find their chromosomal band markers using high-resolution banding technique. Chromosome analysis was performed on early chick embryos following in vitro culture of fertilized eggs of the yellow-brown and the red-brown lines of the Korean Native Chicken which had been established at National Livestock Research Institute. The high-resolution banding of the chromosome was achieved by treating the embryos with ethidium bromide and colchicine during culture. On GTG-banding, the Korean Native Chicken exhibited a typical chick banding pattern in all the macrochromosomes. Overall chromosomal morphology and positions of typical landmarks of the Korean Native Chicken were virtually identical to those of White Leghorn International System for Standardized Avian Karyotypes(ISSAK0. However, the lengths and G-band number of the Korean Native Chicken macrochromosomes were greater than those of White Leghorn and ISSAK. Especially in chromosomes I and Z. the Korean Native Chicken exhibited more separated bands in compared with ISSAK. In C-banding patterns, although a lot of observed cells had C-band polymorphic patterns. almost the Korean Native Chicken macrochromosomes had heterochromatic C-band on centromeres and/or near terminal part. However, the heterochromatic C-band was constantly observed at the end of q-arm of Z chromosomes and on the whole W chromosome. In addition, the Korean Native Chicken exhibited distinctive heteromorphic patterns of C-bands on the centromere of chromosome 3 and at the end of q-arm of Z chromosome between homologous chromosomes.

Display of membrane proteins on the heterologous caveolae carved by caveolin-1 in the Escherichia coli cytoplasm

Shin, J.,Jung, Y.H.,Cho, D.H.,Park, M.,Lee, K.E.,Yang, Y.,Jeong, C.,Sung, B.H.,Sohn, J.H.,Park, J.B.,Kweon, D.H. IPC Science and Technology Press ; Elsevier Scienc 2015 Enzyme and microbial technology Vol.79 No.-

Caveolae are membrane-budding structures that exist in many vertebrate cells. One of the important functions of caveolae is to form membrane curvature and endocytic vesicles. Recently, it was shown that caveolae-like structures were formed in Escherichia coli through the expression of caveolin-1. This interesting structure seems to be versatile for a variety of biotechnological applications. Targeting of heterologous proteins in the caveolae-like structure should be the first question to be addressed for this purpose. Here we show that membrane proteins co-expressed with caveolin-1 are embedded into the heterologous caveolae (h-caveolae), the cavaolae-like structures formed inside the cell. Two transmembrane SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor) proteins, Syntaxin 1a and vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 (VAMP2), were displayed on the h-caveolae surface. The size of the h-caveolae harboring the transmembrane proteins was ~100nm in diameter. The proteins were functional and faced outward on the h-caveolae. Multi-spanning transmembrane proteins FtsH and FeoB could be included in the h-caveolae, too. Furthermore, the recombinant E. coli cells were shown to endocytose substrate supplemented in the medium. These results provide a basis for exploiting the h-caveolae formed inside E. coli cells for future biotechnological applications.

옥수수 - 대두박 사료내 미생물 Phytase 의 첨가가 브로일러의 생산능력에 미치는 영향

손광수,권관,권찬호,장재익,주종철,유문일,최양웅 한국축산학회 1999 한국축산학회지 Vol.41 No.5

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of a domestic phytase originated from bacterial source on performance of starter and Bower broiler chicks. It was basically designed to meet NRC requirement for the contents of calcium and phosphorus when the contents of Ca and P in the feeds were met to 100%(Control; C) and 80%(P0) of the NRC requirement. Three different bacterial phytase(0, 300, 500PU) were supplemented to basal diet and compared it's effect on growth performance, nutritional digestibility, fecal N and P excretion, tibial Ca and P content. A total 200 broiler chicks were assigned to 4 treatments with 5 replications per treatment, 10 chicks of each replication. The weight gain(1,581.6g) in control treatment(C) was slightly higher than that of P0(1,557.7g). Although phytase treatments(P300 and P500) tended to show higher weight gain as compared to treatments without phytase, there were no significant differences among the treatments. No differences were observed among dietary treatments for feed efficiency although broiler chicks fed control diet (1.94) tended to show slightly better feed efficiency than those fed P0 diet(1.99). The excretion of P per kg weight gain tended to be decreased by 17% when 300PU of bacterial phytase was fed to starter and by 10% when 500PU was fed to Bower. However, there were no statistical significances among the treatments. It was concluded that the addition of phytase had neither affects in improving of utilization efficiencies of dry matter, crude protein, and crude fat, nor efficiencies of Ca and P. The supplemental of phytase at the level of 500 ppm for both stages of broiler chick diets was assumed to appropriate.

Modified iliac screw fixation: technique and clinical application

Sohn, S.,Chung, C. K.,Kim, Y. J.,Kim, C. H.,Park, S. B.,Kim, H. Springer-Verlag 2016 Acta neurochirurgica Vol. No.

<P>A conventional iliac bolt and the S2 alar iliac screw fixation technique (S2AI) are commonly used sacropelvic fixation techniques. However, conventional iliac bolt technique requires a lateral connector and commonly has prominent screw head problems. S2AI reportedly has a high instrument failure rate. We aim to introduce a modified iliac screw fixation technique and to investigate its clinical application in adult patients. The entrance site of the modified iliac screw fixation technique was 1 cm medial and 1 cm caudal from the posterosuperior iliac spine. From 2009 to 2015, ten adult patients underwent sacropelvic fixation with the modified iliac screw fixation technique in our spine clinic. A minimum 12-month clinical and radiographic follow-up was adopted. The mean follow-up period was 30.7 months (12-74 months). Mean number of fixation levels was 7.7 segments (5-10 segments). Postoperatively, the C7 plumb line (SVA) was significantly decreased (P = 0.04). Upon the last X-ray, SVA did not differ between postoperative and the last X-ray (P = 0.1). There was no breakage during our follow-up period. There was no prominent screw head. There were no cases requiring implant removal. The modified iliac screw fixation technique does not cause prominence in the sacral region, and does not require a lateral connector, both of which are necessary when using the classical iliac bolt technique. This technique also avoids the acute angle between the screw head and the shaft of the screw commonly seen in S2AI. The modified iliac screw fixation technique can be an effective alternative for sacropelvic fixation.</P>

HF:H₂O₂:CH₃COOH 용액을 이용한 실리콘-져마늄 에피막의 화학적 선택 식각

안창근,정욱진,배영호,김광일,강봉구,권영규,손병기 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1995 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.6 No.1

The selective chemical etching of Si_(1)-_(x)Ge_(x). heteroepitaxial layer grown by rapid thermal CVD (RTCVD) method has been studied with respect to Ge content ( 0.15 ≤ x ≤ 0.30 ). The properties of HF : H_(2)O_(2) : CH_(3)COOH (1:2:3) chemical etchant is highly selective in the Si_(1)-_(x)Ge_(x) / Si heteroepitaxial structure. The selectivity is presented better than 100 for Ge content (x≥0.20) and increased with Ge content in Si_(1)-_(x)Ge_(x) heteroepitaxial layer.

칡소의 염색체 양상과 핵형 분석

손시환,고영두,김두환,박구부,이정규,이철영,신철교,정희식,곽석준,박명구,천민성,백철승 한국축산학회 2000 한국축산학회지 Vol.42 No.1

The Korean Native Stripped Cattle known as Chickso have distinctive black hair belts all over the body to varying extents on a Hanwoo(Korean Cattle)-like yellowish brown background. These Battle are remaining only in a limited area of this country and are known to yield a flavorful meat somewhat distinct from that of Hanwoo, but their genetic lineage has not been identified. We have carried out karyotyping of these cattle firm the lymphocyte culture. Blood samples were collected from 20 of male and female cattle that had been bred at Poongjeon Farm located in Kosong, Kyongnam, and were subjected to chromosomal morphology and G- and C-banding analysis. Chickso, like Hanwoo, had 58 autosomes and X and Y sex chromosomes which were morphologically very similar to those of the latter. All the 58 autosomes revealed almost a zero value of centromeric index, suggesting that they are acrocentric; sex chromosomes X and Y were submetacentric and metacentric, respectively. Following G-banding, the light bands appeared near the centromeric site in all the autosomes whereas the specific dark bands were consistently visible in each homologous chromosome. Overall, the G-banding pattern was nearly identical between the Chickso and Hanwoo. C-bands representing the heterochromatin were present at or near the centromere in all the autosomes, whereas in sex chromosomes, they were found distributed on variable sites. The proportion of constitutive heterochromatin ranged 20∼30%. These patterns were not significantly different between the two subspecies. All of these cytogenetic results suggest that the distinctive traits of Chickso did not arise from a cytogenetic variation from Hanwoo, i. e. the former is simply a subpopulation of the latter. As such, we propose that selection and propagation of the Chickso based on economic traits may be advantageous to the domestic beef industry.

Protein kinases participate in the contraction in response to levobupivacaine in the rat aorta

Shim, H.S.,Ok, S.H.,Lee, S.H.,Kwon, S.C.,Sohn, J.T. North-Holland ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2012 european journal of pharmacology Vol.677 No.1

Levobupivacaine is a long-acting amide local anesthetic that intrinsically produces vasoconstriction both in vivo and in vitro. Levobupivacaine increases intracellular calcium concentrations ([Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>]<SUB>i</SUB>) in vascular smooth muscle cells. The goals of this in vitro study were to investigate whether levobupivacaine-induced contraction is associated with increased Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> sensitivity and to identify the protein kinases involved in mediating contraction in response to levobupivacaine in isolated rat aortic smooth muscle. The effect of levobupivacaine and potassium chloride (KCl) on the [Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>]<SUB>i</SUB> and tension was measured simultaneously with acetoxymethyl ester of fura-2-loaded aortic strips. Cumulative levobupivacaine concentration-response curves were generated in the presence or absence of the following antagonists: GF 109203X; Y-27632; genistein; SP600125; PD 98059; and SB 203580. Levobupivacaine-induced protein kinase C (PKC), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and c-Jun NH<SUB>2</SUB>-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation and Rho-kinase (ROCK-2) membrane translocation were detected in rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells using Western blotting. The slope of the [Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>]<SUB>i</SUB>-tension curve for levobupivacaine was higher than that for KCl. Y-27632, GF 109203X, and SP600125 attenuated levobupivacaine-induced contraction in a concentration-dependent manner. Genistein, PD 98059, and SB 203580 attenuated levobupivacaine-induced contraction. Pretreatment with GF 109203X and Y-27632 inhibited levobupivacaine-induced PKC phosphorylation and Rho-kinase (ROCK-2) membrane translocation, respectively. Pretreatment with SP600125 or PD 98059 attenuated the levobupivacaine-induced phosphorylation of JNK and ERK, respectively. These results indicate that levobupivacaine-induced contraction involving an increase in myofilament Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> sensitivity involves the primary activation of Rho-kinase-, PKC-, and JNK-mediated pathways of rat aortic smooth muscle.

식품중의 니트로소아민에 관한 연구 : 식육 제품의 가열에 의한 니트로소아민 함량의 변화

김준환,김창수,손문기,김정화,유미자,강지영,이홍희,신효선 국립보건연구원 1992 국립보건원보 Vol.29 No.2

Evaluation of Pharmacokinetics and Skin Irritation of Transdermal Piroxicam Patch(Trast[R])

Kim, H. K 大韓臨床藥理學會 1995 臨床藥理學會誌 Vol.3 No.2