2022년 가족법 주요 판례 평석

박설아(Sirl-A Park) 경희법학연구소 2023 경희법학 Vol.58 No.2

2021년에 이어 대법원은 2022년에도 가족법 분야와 관련하여 눈에 띄는 판결과 결정들을 쏟아내었다. 대표적으로는 미성년 자녀가 있는 성전환자의 성별 정정과 관련하여 대법원 2011. 9. 2자 2009스117 전원합의체 결정에서의 판시와 달리 미성년 자녀가 있다는 이유만으로 획일적으로 성전환자의 성별 정정을 불허하여서는 안된다는 취지의 대법원 2022. 11. 24.자 2020스616 전원합의체 결정, 유책배우자의 이혼청구를 받아들일 수 있는 예외적 사유를 확장하면서 ‘혼인계속의사’의 판단을 상대방 배우자의 주장에 의존하지 말고 혼인유지에 협조할 의무를 이행할 의사가 있는지를 객관적으로 판단하여야 한다고 한 대법원 2022. 6. 16. 선고 2021므14258 판결, 피상속인으로부터 특별수익인 생전 증여를 받은 공동상속인이 상속을 포기한 경우에는 민법 제1114조가 적용되므로 그 증여가 상속개시 전 1년간에 행한 것이거나 당사자 쌍방이 유류분권리자에 손해를 가할 것을 알고 한 경우에만 유류분 산정을 위한 기초재산에 산입된다고 보아야 한다고 한 대법원 2022. 3. 17. 선고 2020다267620 판결, 피상속인의 생전 증여에 상속인의 특별한 부양 내지 기여에 대한 대가의 의미가 포함되어 있는 경우 생전 증여를 특별수익에서 제외할 수 있다고 한 대법원 2022. 3. 17. 선고2021다230083 등 판결, 민법 제1026조 각호에서 정한 법정단순승인 사유에서 ‘고의로 재산목록에 기입하지 아니한 때’는 상속인이 어떠한 상속재산이 있음을 알면서 이를 재산목록에 기입하지 아니하였다는 사정만으로는 부족하고, 상속재산을 은닉하여 상속채권자를 사해할 의사, 즉 그 재산의 존재를 쉽게 알 수 없게 만들려는 의사가 있을 것을 필요로 한다고 한 대법원 2022. 7. 28. 선고 2019다29853 판결 등이 그것이다. 이 글에서는 이들 판결의 사실관계와 소송 경과 및 주요 법리를 살피고 판결의 의미에 대하여 평석하였다. In 2022, the Supreme Court poured out notable rulings and decisions in the field of family law. As well as in 2021, there were several rulings on the claim for the Right to Legal Reserve of Inheritance. Most of all, there were a ruling that allowed a transgender parent to correct his or her gender in public records even if he or she has children who are minors. This ruling could be a reflection of the global trend of protection of sexual minorities. This article highlights eight key decisions relating to the important issues in Family Law. The eight precedents that are discussed in this article include: 1) Special profits for those who have given up inheritance; 2) Purpose and scope of application of Article 1008 of the Civil Act; 3) Responsibility for supervising minor children of parents who do not have parental authority after divorce; 4) Claim for Divorce by the Party who is responsible for the breakdown of the marriage relationship 5) Withdrawal of the Gift Effective upon Death 6) When an inheritor shall be deemed to have effected an absolute acceptance 7) Effect of Qualified Acceptance 8) The Change of Sex Designation of Transgender Parents with Minor Children Additionally, 7 cases were summarized and classified separately based on the other precedents of the Family Law issued in 2022. I hope to have an opportunity for a more detailed study in the near future.

최근 미국에서의 약관에 관한 논쟁 검토 -래딘의 「Boilerplate」와 그에 대한 비판을 중심으로-

박설아 ( Sirl A Park ) 한국경쟁법학회 2015 競爭法硏究 Vol.32 No.-

The purpose of this article is to overview recent discussions about the boilerplate in the US by introducing Radin’s 「Boilerplate」(hereinafter ‘this book’) and its criticisms and to find their implications for Korean academia. According to Radin, the nonnegotiable boilerplate terms deprives us of our right to jury trial and relieve providers of responsibility for harm without anv real consent, that is an informed consent, of recipients. She argues that boilerplate rights deletion schemes have degraded traditional notions of consent and contract, and sacrificed core rights whose loss results into democratic degradation. In this regard, she proposes a new analytical framework instead of the current contract doctrines of unconscionability and void as against public policy. Most of all, she argues that boilerplate should be regulated under products liability law or a new branch of tort law. Most criticisms of this book focus on her notion of consent. and some “boilerplate apologists” argue that implications of he price effect are never confronted in this book. In Korea, under the influence of the Supreme Court’s firm attitude toward the nature of boilerplate and enactment of the Act on the regulation of terms and conditions, the notion that boilerplate is also a contract is deeply ensconced in academia. However, even considering the difference in legal system between the two countries, we need some more elaborate discussions about the consent to boilerplate and its fit to contract theory. In this sense, the discussions in the US as well as this book could be worthy of consideration.

약관에서 불명확조항의 해석 -고객 유리의 해석 원칙을 중심으로-

박설아 ( Sirl A Park ) 법조협회 2015 法曹 Vol.64 No.11

Most market transactions including insurance transactions, banking transactions, purchase of goods and services via the Internet need the process in which customers should agree to the standard terms and conditions. In this way, standard form contracts are getting ubiquitous in reality these days. Under these circumstances, discussions over standard form contracts should be taking place from the perspective of contract law, not to speak of insurance policy or administrative regulations. In this regard, ‘interpretation favorable to customers’ or so called ‘contra proferentem rule’(hereinafter, “the rule”) that is specified in the Article 5(2) of the Act on the Regulation of Standard Form Contracts has to be understood as one of general rules for interpreting contracts, inter alia, as a way of normative interpretation. With regard to the meaning of “If the meaning of terms and conditions is not clear”under the paragraph as an application requirement of the rule, the rule is not always applied to the cases where customers argue about the meaning of certain terms or the cases where the wording itself is not clear. The purpose of the contract interpretation is to protect the foreseeability and reliance of the other party who is expected to be reasonable. Therefore, unreasonable expectation of customers should not be protected by the rule. Meanwhile, the rule should be used as a last resort that can be applied only when the meaning of particular term remains vague or ambiguous even after applying other general contract interpretation rules such as interpretation based on rationality, principle of good faith, and objective interpretation rule that is regulated in the Act. The Supreme Court also applies the rule of reasonable interpretation to standard form contracts, and confirms the supplementary nature of the rule. This stance of the Court is desirable from the perspective that the foreseeability of business operators would plunge if the Court expands its discretion in applying the rule excessively, and that courts would do a minimum paternalistic role with the rule in the autonomous relationship between enterprisers and customers. Finally, one of the skeptical perspectives regarding the rule argues that we don’t have to be obsessed with the stepwise control over standard form contracts. According to this opinion, if a specific term becomes nullified in the level of content control to draw a much more favorable result for customers, that kind of interpretation is truly the interpretation favorable to customers. This stance, influenced by the German academia, understands the meaning of “favorable to customers” in a broader context.

제3자에 대한 이혼위자료청구권과 소멸시효

박설아(Sirl A Park) 한국가족법학회 2023 가족법연구 Vol.37 No.2

Recently, a 2nd trial court found that the right to claim for damages resulting from an adultery to the person engaged in a sexual relation with a married person shall lapse by prescription if not exercised within three years commencing from the date on which the injured party becomes aware of such adultery and of the identity of the person who caused it. Furthermore, the court dismissed the claim of the plaintiff on the ground that the claim of the plaintiff had expired due to the extinctive prescription. The Supreme Court rendered a judgment dismissing the appeal to the effect of accepting the trial court without any separate legal explanation. The main purpose of this article is to point out the problem of the judgment of the above court regarding the starting point of the extinctive prescription of the right to claim alimony for divorce against a third party. Liability for damage due to infidelity itself is different from the liability for alimony in cases where the breakup of the marriage relationship or divorce occurs due to the infidelity, in view of the contents of the provisions of the Civil Act and the Family Litigation Act, and the difference of the causes and damages of each liability. The starting point of the extinctive prescription of the right to claim for alimony for divorce should be regarded as the time of dissolution of the marriage (or when the divorce is established). The 2nd trial court's argument that the extinctive prescription of the right to claim for alimony for divorce has been completed is not an argument for the extinctive prescription itself, but an argument for whether it is appropriate to acknowledge the liability for alimony for divorce to a third party. On the other hand, whether or not the right to claim alimony for divorce against a third person is acknowledged requires a separate review. It is difficult to generally recognize the right to claim alimony for divorce against a third party. The reason is as follows. First of all, the liability for compensation for alimony due to extreme mental anguish suffered by a victim spouse due to the involvement of a third party in cheating can be acknowledged through the exercise of the right to claim for cheating itself in a civil court not a family court. Secondly, it is difficult to uniformly admit a causal relationship between temporary or short-term cheating and divorce. The establishment of divorce is the result of a decision based on the free will of the couple concerned. A third party who participates in cheating violates the contractual relationship between the victim and the offending spouse. Nevertheless, if a third party urges the victim spouse to divorce by threats or coercion, or if the third party maintains a de facto marital relationship with the spouse at fault until the judicial divorce is established(if there are special circumstances where it can be seen that the third pary has an intention to break up the marriage relationship of the other person), the third party's liability for alimony for divorce must be acknowledged.

Synthesis and cellular uptake properties of guanidine-containing molecular transporters built on the sucrose scaffold

Lee, Woo Sirl,Im, Chang-Nim,Teng, Qi Ying,Chang, Young-Tae,Kim, Dong-Chan,Kim, Kyong-Tae,Chung, Sung-Kee Royal Society of Chemistry 2009 Molecular bioSystems Vol.5 No.8

<P>Novel sucrose-based G7 molecular transporters show different patterns of intracellular localization depending on the nature of the linker chains as well as the fluorescent dyes.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Novel sucrose-based G7 molecular transporters show different patterns of intracellular localization depending on the nature of the linker chains as well as the fluorescent dyes. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=b901846h'> </P>

수사기관의 통신자료 요청에 따른 전기통신사업자의 민사책임

박설아(Park, Sirl-A) 조선대학교 법학연구원 2018 法學論叢 Vol.25 No.1

사업자들에 의하여 수집되는 개인정보는 수십만 또는 수백만의 가입자들의 인적사항에 관한 것으로서 해당 수집자의 영업에 필수적으로 이용되는 반면, 다른 제3자에게 제공될 경우 막대한 경제적 이익의 기반이 되기에 그 개인정보는 수집자의 목적 외 활용이나 외부자의 불법적 탈취의 대상이 될 가능성이 크다. 또한, 국가기관의 입장에서는 통신사업자에 의하여 수집된 개인정보가 효율적인 공무의 수행을 위한 수단이 될 수 있다. 반대로 개인정보를 수집하는 공권력이 남용될 경우 국민에 대한 필요 이상의 검열이나 감시의 수단으로 사용될 잠재적 위험을 지니고 있다. 이와 같은 특성으로 인하여 최근에는 사업자의 개인정보의 유출로 인한 대규모의 손해배상청구소송이 줄이어 제기되기도 하였다. 이 글은 개인정보의 수집 목적 외 사용에 관한 대표적인 대법원 판결을 살펴봄으로써 수사기관으로부터 개인정보와 관련한 통신자료를 요청받은 사업자가 그 요청에 응하였을 경우 부담할 수 있는 민사책임의 내용을 분석하는 것을 그 목적으로 한다. 구체적으로, 사업자의 책임이 성립하기 위한 요건과 그 근거 법령, 개인정보에 대한 권리 및 표현의 자유와 같은 개인의 기본권의 보호와 신속하고 효율적인 수사에 대한 공익적 요청 간의 이익형량의 문제를 다루고 있다. 특히, 이 판결에서는 통신자료 제공의 근거법 규정과 관련하여 수사기관으로부터 통신자료의 요청이 있는 경우 그와 같은 요청과 요청자료 범위가 타당한 것인지에 대하여 사업자에게 실질적 심사의무가 있는지 여부가 쟁점이 되었는바, 위 근거법 조항 및 개인과 사업자 간에 체결된 계약의 내용과 이에 따른 사업자의 의무에 관한 내용이 분석의 중심을 이룬다. The communication data collected by telecommunications business operators relate to the personal information of hundreds of thousands or millions of subscribers and are essential for the business of the collectors. Moreover, personal information is likely to be misused by the collectors or the third party. In addition, from the standpoint of the investigation agency, the personal information collected by telecommunications carriers can be a means for carrying out efficient investigation. Conversely, if public power is abused, it has the potential to be used as a means of censorship or surveillance beyond the needs of the public. In this regard, a number of lawsuits have recently been filed against a large amount of damages due to leakage of personal information by business operators. Reviewing a remarkable Supreme Court decision that was released in 2016, this paper focuses on the contents of the civil liability that can be borne when a business operator is requested communication data by an investigation agency. Specifically, this paper deals with the requirements for establishing the civil liability of business operators, the relevant statutory provisions and interpretation of those provisions and how to balance conflicting interests between the protection of individual fundamental rights such as the right of privacy or the freedom of expression and the public interest in prompt and efficient investigation. In particular, in the court’s decision above, in relation to the interpretation of a statutory clause that regulates the request of an investigative agency for provision of communications data, it was regarded as a key point whether the business operator has a duty of substantial investigation over the validity of the request and the scope of information that can be provided. Therefore, this paper also focuses on the analysis of the clause and the contents of the standard form contract that was concluded between an individual user and the telecommunications business operator.

제16차 국제가족법학회 세계대회를 참관하고

박설아(Park, Sirl-A) 한국가족법학회 2017 가족법연구 Vol.31 No.3

Mitochondrial Affinity of Guanidine-rich Molecular Transporters Built on Monosaccharide Scaffolds: Stereochemistry and Lipophilicity

Lee, Woo-Sirl,Kim, Wan-Il,Kim, Kyong-Tai,Chung, Sung-Kee Korean Chemical Society 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.7

We synthesized eight G8 molecular transporters (MTs) based on 4 different monosaccharide scaffolds, and studied their biological properties with a special focus on possible mitochondrial targeting and tissue selectivity. The mitochondrial affinity of these MTs was found to be clearly related to the scaffold stereochemistry and also tenuously with the lipophilicity. It may be suggested that in the practical delivery strategy of drugs for the brain and mitochondrial diseases the BBB permeability and mitochondrial affinity should be considered as key parameters, and that an enhanced mitochondrial affinity appears possible by further research on the structure-property relationship of guanidine-rich molecular transporters.

생명체生命體와 성명쌍수性命雙修

설영상(Young Sang Sirl) 한국정신과학학회 2010 韓國精神科學學會誌 Vol.14 No.1

각종 수행방법들이나 수련방법들이 공통적으로 강조하는 성명쌍수性命雙修는 과연 통상적으로 설명되고 있는 심신수련心身修鍊 즉, 마음수련+몸수련일까? 혹시 다른 뜻이 있는 것은 아닐까? 개념이 잘못되어 방향이 틀리면 잘못된 목적지에 다다르게 된다. 삼일신고三一神誥의 성性. 명命. 정精과 심心. 기氣. 신身의 개념을 재조명하여 생명체는 무엇으로 구성되어 있고 왜 성명쌍수일 수밖에 없는 것인지 밝힌다. 그럼으로써 드러나는 수련법의 목표와 그 목표를 가능하게 하는 수련방식들은 어떤 특징을 가지고 있는지 알아본다. 이 탐구의 결과물 즉, 성과 명을 알고 실천하면 우리는 궁극적인 행복에 이르고 대자유를 만끽할 수 있을까? 하는 질문에 분명하고 확실하게 그렇다는 답을 제시한다. 추상적이라고 생각해왔던 도道, 덕德, 자연自然, 운명運命, 성명쌍수 등의 용어들이 매우 실제적이고 구체적이고 또 이상적이기도 한 실천덕목 또는 존재 그 상태를 규정한 것임을 느끼고 확인하는 시간을 갖고자 한다. Many forms of spiritual and body-mind training put utmost emphasis on the pursuit of one fundamental concept termed as 'Sung-Myong-Ssang-Su2) [성명쌍수, 性命雙修]'. The question, however, is raised on the way in which these lead people to the goals with their intended direction. Is 'Sung-Myong-Ssang-Su' a typical or standardized structure of training one's mind and body? Is there something else embedded on this exclusive term other than a mere promotion as a technique for Body+Mind training? Are the current practices founded on this concept concrete enough to lead people to the ideal happiness and freedom? Misunderstanding the core value of the idea lead people in the wrong direction and ultimately the wrong destination. Renewing the concept of Cosmic Order, Entity's Order, Life [three constituents of Being], Mind, Ki, body [three misconceived terms for denoting defragmented state of Being] in 'Samilsingo [삼일신고, 三一神誥]', this thesis disclosively unconceals the concrete path leading to the ultimate happiness and blissful freedom. Scrutinizing three constituents of Being from 'Samilsingo [삼일신고, 三一神誥]', the living being should be an 'Entity' that proactively refines Self to Cosmic Order and its own intrinsic Order. The conceived doctrine 'Sung-Myong-Ssang-Su = Refinement towards Cosmic Order and Entity's Order [성명쌍수, 性命雙修]' in Samilsingo is the key to ultimate and essential peace, happiness and freedom.

CBR 비디오 서비스의 ATM 망 정합을 위한 ATM 셀 구성 및 분해 기능의 구현

설영욱(Y. W. Sirl),이창범(C. B. Lee),김상중(S. J. Kim) 대한전자공학회 1995 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.1995 No.12