[PD-0013] Research Advances in Improving Biotic and Abiotic Stress Tolerance Using CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing in Rice

Sieun Choi(Sieun Choi),Yurim Kim(Yurim Kim),Jiheon Han(Jiheon Han),Hayoung Lee(Hayoung Lee),Yeeun Jun(Yeeun Jun),Youngjun Mo(Youngjun Mo) 한국육종학회 2022 한국육종학회 공동학술발표집 Vol.2022 No.-

다중 RNA의 동시 전달을 위한 지질 나노 전달 시스템

이드보라(Deborah Lee),이지예(Ji Ye Lee),이효정(Hyojeong Lee),조현지(Hyeonji Cho),송서윤(Seoyoon Song),이시은(Sieun Lee),전태준(Tae-Joon Jeon),김선민(Sun Min Kim) 대한기계학회 2024 大韓機械學會論文集B Vol.48 No.7

약물 전달 시스템의 발전에서 리포솜(liposome)은 임상적으로 승인된 제형과 더불어 광범위하게 수용되고 있다. 이와 동시에 핵산 기반 치료법, 특히 메신저 리보 핵산(mRNA)과 짧은 간섭 리보 핵산(siRNA)은 표적화된 개인 맞춤형 의료 치료법을 위한 새로운 길을 열고 있다. 그러나 이를 이용한 효과적인 치료를 위해서는 여러 리보 핵산(RNA)을 동시에 전달할 수 있는 효율적인 전달 시스템을 개발해야 한다. 이에 따라 이 연구에서는 지질 나노입자(LNP)의 장점과 기존 리포솜 전달 시스템을 결합한 다중구조의 전달 시스템을 개발하였다. 다중 LNP는 리포솜의 내부에 캡슐화되어 여러 RNA를 동시에 전달한다. 이 연구는 다중 RNA 전달을 위한 유망한 플랫폼이며 핵산 기반 병용 요법 분야의 발전을 가져올 것으로 예상된다. In the field of drug delivery systems, liposomes have gained widespread acceptance through clinically approved formulations. Concurrently, the domain of nucleic acid-based therapeutics, particularly messenger RNA (mRNA) and small interfering RNA (siRNA), has opened new avenues for targeted and personalized medical interventions. However, realizing their full therapeutic potential depends on the development of efficient delivery systems capable of multi-delivering RNAs. Therefore, this paper presents an innovative approach that merges the advantages of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) with established liposomal delivery systems. This study underscores a promising platform for multiple RNA delivery and controlled releases, offering the potential for advancements in the field of nucleic acid-based combination therapy.

Electrostatic Force Simulation Comparison of Tilted Plate Actuator and Conventional Actuator

Sieun Lee,Yunyoung Jang,Jong Pal Kim 대한전자공학회 2024 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.24 No.4

A tilted plate electrostatic actuator (TPEA) capable of producing large electrostatic forces is proposed. TPEA consists of an inclined top plate with one edge touching the floor, a torsional spring that holds the top plate to the structure, and a bottom electrode. As a result of theoretical and simulation analysis, TPEA has an electrostatic force that is 6.5 times and 22.8 times greater than the existing parallel plate actuator and vertical comb actuator, respectively. Specifically, the electrostatic force per unit area is 195 N for a vertical comb actuator, 731 N for a parallel plate actuator, and 4.7 kN for TPEA. TPEA can generate the same electrostatic force with only 21% of the applied voltage compared to the vertical comb actuator. Specifically, a voltage of 50 V must be applied to generate a force of 195 N in a vertical comb actuator, whereas a voltage of 10.5 V only needs to be applied in TPEA.

EFFECT OF NEGATIVE FEEDBACK LOOP WITH NRF1 AND MIR-378 OF NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE: A MATHEMATICAL MODELING APPROACH

Lee, SiEun,Shin, Kiyeon The Youngnam Mathematical Society 2020 East Asian mathematical journal Vol.36 No.3

Nonalcoholic fatty liver is a type of fatty liver in which fat accumulates in the liver without alcohol. In the accumulation, Nrf1 and miR-378 genes play very important role, so called negative feedback loop, in which the two genes suppress the other's production. In other words, Nrf1 activates fatty acid oxidation which promotes fat consumption in the liver, while miR-378 deactivates fatty acid oxidation. Thus, both genes regulate nonalcoholic fatty liver. In this paper, the negative feedback loop of Nrf1 and miR-378 are expressed by a system of ordinary differential equations. And, bifurcation simulation shows the change in the amount of each gene with significant parameter range changes. Bifurcation simulation has also used to determine the thresholds for transit between disease and steady state.

YSO Variabilities in Various Timescales

Sieun Lee,Jeong-Eun Lee,Carlos Contreras Pe?a,Gregory Herczeg,Doug Johnstone 한국천문학회 2022 天文學會報 Vol.47 No.1

WTO 섬유 무역 체제의 이행과 법적 쟁점

이시은(Lee, Sieun) 한국국제경제법학회 2019 국제경제법연구 Vol.17 No.3

국제 상품 무역은 GATT와 WTO의 통일적이고 체계적인 규율 하에 효과적으로 관리되어왔으나, 섬유 및 의류 상품에 관해서는 수입 규제 조치를 허용하는 다자간섬유협정(MFA)를 체결하여 예외적 보호조치를 공식적으로 인정하였다. MFA는 이후 우루과이 라운드에서 섬유 및 의류에 관한 협정(ATC)이 체결되기 전까지 약 40년 동안 개발도상국의 수출을 제한하여 그들의 경제 발전의 걸림돌이 되었으며, 수입 규제 조치를 통해 섬유 산업의 무역자유화를 저해하였다. ATC는 MFA의 점진적 폐지 이행 의무를 규정한 협정으로, 섬유 및 의류 상품에 대한 기존 규제를 10년 동안의 잠정 이행 기간을 거쳐 폐지하여, 모든 대상 상품을 WTO 체제로 복귀한다. 하지만 2005년 1월 1일 만료 후 약 15년이 지난 지금도 ATC의 취지인 섬유 및 의류 무역 자유화가 달성되었는지 여부는 추가적인 연구가 필요한 부분이다. 본 논문은 다음과 같이 구성된다. 첫째, 섬유 및 의류 무역의 역사적 배경 및 ATC의 핵심 요건과 이행 규정을 검토하고, 이를 바탕으로 ATC 이행 단계별 성과 및 문제점에 대해 연구한다. 둘째, ATC 관련 WTO 분쟁의 주요 법적 쟁점을 분석하여 섬유 및 의류 산업통상 분쟁의 주요 시사점을 도출한다. 위 연구를 바탕으로 ATC 만료 이후 섬유 산업의 변화와 향후 과제에 대해 논의한다. Before Uruguay Round during which the Agreement on Textiles and Clothing(ATC) was negotiated, textiles and clothing trade had been managed under the Multifiber Arrangement(MFA). The MFA, a derogation from the general GATT rules in multilateral trading regime that prohibits quantitative restrictions, allowed import quota for textile and clothing products. The ATC was negotiated in order to bring textile and clothing trade back to compliance with the normal GATT system. It was implemented through ten-year transition period which consisted of four stages. It has almost been 15 years since the ATC terminated in January 1st, 2005, however, more studies would be required in order to affirm the trade liberalization effects in the textiles and clothing industry following the expiration of the agreement. This article provides two aspects of studies. First, it provides historical background of textile and clothing trade and the main elements of the ATC. Based on these, it evaluates the accomplishments of each implementation stage and examines whether each stage showed meaningful developments. Second, it provides a legal analysis of the WTO dispute settlement adjudications regarding the ATC cases. It analyzes some of the major interpretations and rulings of the WTO judicial bodies to learn the contentious issues in textile trade disputes. Based on these studies, it discusses the future prospects of global textiles and clothing trade after the termination of the ATC.

Enhanced blue responses in nanostructured Si solar cells by shallow doping

Cheon, Sieun,Jeong, Doo Seok,Park, Jong-Keuk,Kim, Won Mok,Lee, Taek Sung,Lee, Heon,Kim, Inho IOP 2018 Journal of physics. D, applied physics Vol.51 No.12

<P>Optimally designed Si nanostructures are very effective for light trapping in crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells. However, when the lateral feature size of Si nanostructures is comparable to the junction depth of the emitter, dopant diffusion in the lateral direction leads to excessive doping in the nanostructured emitter whereby poor blue responses arise in the external quantum efficiency (EQE). The primary goal of this study is to find the correlation of emitter junction depth and carrier collection efficiency in nanostructured c-Si solar cells in order to enhance the blue responses. We prepared Si nanostructures of nanocone shape by colloidal lithography, with silica beads of 520 nm in diameter, followed by a reactive ion etching process. c-Si solar cells with a standard cell architecture of an Al back surface field were fabricated varying the emitter junction depth. We varied the emitter junction depth by adjusting the doping level from heavy doping to moderate doping to light doping and achieved greatly enhanced blue responses in EQE from 47%–92% at a wavelength of 400 nm. The junction depth analysis by secondary ion mass-spectroscopy profiling and the scanning electron microscopy measurements provided us with the design guide of the doping level depending on the nanostructure feature size for high efficiency nanostructured c-Si solar cells. Optical simulations showed us that Si nanostructures can serve as an optical resonator to amplify the incident light field, which needs to be considered in the design of nanostructured c-Si solar cells.</P>

딥러닝 기반 RGB-D 이미지 내 3차원 손 추출 알고리즘

최시은(Sieun Choi),강세룡(Seryong Kang),유지용(Jiyong Yoo),최민혁(MinHyuk Choi),전보성(Bosoung Jeoun),천소영(Soyoung Chun),양수(Su Yang),김진(Jin Kim),이원진(Wonjin Yi) 대한전기학회 2021 정보 및 제어 심포지엄 논문집 Vol.2021 No.10

Impacts of Different Nitrogen Fertilization on Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Lettuce Productivity in Upland Soils during Cultivation

Yeomyeong Lee,Sieun Lee,Juhee Lee,Seongwoo Choi,Sang Yoon Kim 한국토양비료학회 2020 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.53 No.4

Nitrogen (N) fertilization improves crop growth and productivity, but can cause adverse environmental problems in particular nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, requiring reasonable fertilization strategy for a better agroecosystem. Our goal was to understand how different N fertilizations influence greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (CO₂, CH₄, and N₂O) and global warming potential (GWP), soil properties, and productivity from lettuce (Lactuca sativa) cultivated fields [control (No fertilizer), urea ((NH₂)₂CO), ammonium sulfate ((NH₄)₂SO₄), and compost (10 Mg ㏊<SUP>-1</SUP>)]. Inorganic N fertilizations significantly increased GWP as compared to the control, mainly increasing N₂O emissions. However, CH₄ and CO₂ were not significantly different among all treatments, indicating N₂O emissions were main contributors to be influenced by N fertilizations. Ammonium sulfate showed higher GWP than the urea. However, GWP was lowest in the control, but was not significantly different as compared to the compost. Lettuce yield was significantly enhanced by chemical N fertilizations, showing much greater biomass in ammonium sulfate than the urea. Lettuce yield with the compost was less than with chemical fertilizations, but significantly greater than control. GWP per productivity as an indicator for sustainability was lowest in compost treatment among all treatments mainly due to reduced GHG emissions by less mineralization. Conclusively, compost application could be a sustainable way to mitigate GHG emissions, maintaining soil quality and productivity in upland soils.

건강도시 기본 조례 제정 및 운영이 성인의 건강 생활실천에 미친 영향

이시은(Sieun Lee),이유리(Yuri Lee) 도시건강학회 2024 도시건강연구 Vol.3 No.1

The World Health Organization’s “Healthy Cities” initiative seeks to enhance community well-being by improving urban environments and promoting healthy lifestyles such as smoking cessation, moderate alcohol consumption, and increased physical activity. These efforts aim to reduce chronic diseases and manage obesity. However, the effectiveness of these initiatives often lacks quantitative evaluation, especially regarding the impact on the health lifestyle practices of adults in the community. This study evaluates the impact of the Healthy City Ordinance on local adult health behaviors in 214 Korean municipalities by analyzing data on smoking cessation, alcohol consumption, and walking practice from 2008 to 2020, using ecological analysis. This study assesses the impact of Korea’s Healthy Cities Basic Ordinance on adult healthy lifestyle practices using ecological analyses from 2008 to 2022, finding a significant reduction in smoking and high-risk drinking rates, but no significant change in walking rates, suggesting that while the ordinance positively influences some health behaviors, its effects are not uniformly distributed across all health behavior areas. This study highlights the importance of healthy city ordinances in public health by providing evidence that supports the development of sustainable health promotion strategies, emphasizing the role of ordinances in policy-making, and offering insights that aid in the effective design and implementation of health policies, potentially guiding future research and strategic approaches in the field.