詩經正變設考

金時俊 서울대학교 동아문화연구소 1979 東亞文化 Vol.16 No.-

It was written at the Mao Shi prefaces (毛詩序) that Shi Jing was divided into two groups; the Zheng Poem and the Bian Poem. According to this, many scholars published various assertions on how to distinguish the Zheng Poem from the Bian Poem in Shi Jing. Conseguently, these assertions were classified into four sorts. 1) Classification by the chronological order according to the political rise and fall 2) Distinction between eulogy and satire 3) Distinction the Poem which was accompanied by music from the poem which was not accompanied by it, 4) Classification by the style of the poem My study on each assertion leads to the following conclusion: 1) Although those scholars who made the first assertion defined that Shi Jing was published by the chronological order and they distinguished the Zheng Poem from the Bian poem by the table of contents, it is proved that Shi Jing was not published by the chronological order. 2) Those scholars who made the second assertion concluded that Shi-Jing was distinguished between eulogy and satiry at every prologue in Mao Shi and that the Zheng poem and the Bian Poem could be divided into eulogy or satire accordingly. But it is proved herein that the distinction eulogy from satire in Mao Shi prefaces was possible by the country and chronology without the definite standard even though the contents of the poem were the same. 3) Those scholars who made the third assertion divided Shi Jing into two parts. One that was accompanied by music was called the Zheng Poem and the other that was accompanied by music was called the Bian Poem. But it is proved that all of Shi Jing were accompanied by music 4) Those who made the fourth assertion distinguished between the Zheng Poem and the Bian Poem by the style of the Poem. But looking into the style, it is proved that the distinction between the Zheng Poem and the Bian Poem is the style itself. Thus, the above classifications seem to be unreasonable so far. Then, why did these assertions come to rise? These assertions were due to the Han scholars who regarded the poem as a remonstration. They attempted to classify the Zheng Poem as the poem of admonition and the Bian poem as that of warning. But they did not succeed in it.

Blocking of Cell Proliferation, Cytokines Production and Genes Expression Following Administration of Cordyceps Sinensis in the Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids Cells

Kuo, Yuh-Chi,Wu, Chia-Lin,Tasi, Wei-Jern,Wang, Jir-Yenn,Chang, Shi-Chung,Lin, Ching-Yuang,Shiao, Ming-Shi 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 1999 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON EAST-WEST MEDICINE Vol.1999 No.1

Yuh-Chi Kuo¹,Chia-Lin Wn¹,Wei-jern Tasi¹,Jir-Yenn Wang²,Shi-Chung Chang₃,Ching-Yung Lin⁴,and Ming-Shi Shiao⁴¹National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, ²Department of Biology,Fu Jen University, ³Department of Chest, ⁴Department of Pediatrics, □De[art,amt of Medical Research and Education. Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Yuh-Chi Kuo¹,Chia-Lin Wn¹,Wei-jern Tasi¹,Jir-Yenn Wang²,Shi-Chung Chang²,Ching-Yung Lin³,and Ming-Shi Shiao⁴.¹National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, ²Department of Biology,Fu Jen University, ³Department of Chest, ⁴Department of Pediatrics, □De[art,amt of Medical Research and Education. Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. Blocking of Cell Proliferation, Cytokines Production and Genes Expression Following Administration of Cordyceps sinensis in the Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids Cells. Proceedings of international Symposium on East-West Medicine, Seoul. 44-64, 1999.-Cordyceps sinensis is a major parasitic fungus on larva of Lepidoptera. It is one of the well know fungi used in traditional Chinese medicine for treatment asthma, lung and kideney diseases. Many fungi belonging to the genus Cordyceps have been demonstrated to produce natural products with various biological activities. Reported biological activities of genus cordyceps include:(a)inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis;(b)enhancement of cell differentiation;(c)restruction of cytoskeleton;(d)inhibition of protein kinase activity;(e)antitumor activity on bladder, colon, lung carcinoma as well as fibroblastoma;(f)inhibition of the infection and revers transciptase activity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1; and(g) inhibition of methylation of nucleic acid. Thus, it is suggested that the extracts of Cordyceps sp. Contain antitumor, antiviral, and many other biological activities. In our previous studies, we proved that C. sinensis contains the antitumor and immunomodulatory agents. In the present studies, effects of C. sinensis on bronchoalveolar lavage fluids(BAL)cells were demonstrated. The crude methanolic extracts of C. sinensis were fractionated into 15 fractions by silica gel column chromatography. Effects of various fraction on BAL cells proliferation and lipopolysaccharide(LPS) stimulated interleukin-1β(IL-8),platelet activating factor(PAF), interleukin-6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),and interleukin-8(IL-8) production on BAL cells were determined. The result indicated that the CS-19-22 fraction suppressed BAL cells proliferation activated by LPS. The median inhibitory concentration(IC50) was 6㎍/ml. The CS-19-22 fraction also decreased IL-1β,PAF,IL-6, TNF-αand IL-8 production.The results of revers transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) demonstrated that the CS-19-22 fraction did not affect IL-1β,PAF,IL-6, TNF-α,and IL-8 mRNAs expression in BAL cells activated by LPS. By contrast, it inhibited the IL-10 mRNA expression but enhanced IFN-γand IL-12 mRNAs expression in activated BAL cells. Moreover, the CS-19-22 fraction blocked PAF-induced platelet aggregation. It is unlikely that cytotoxicity was involved. Because no cell deths were observable. We hypothesize that inhibitory mechanisms of CS-19-22 on BAL cells proliferation may be related to the impairments of gene expression and production of cytokines in BAL cells. The explanation of C. sinensis antiasthma function may involved the following(1)C.sinenesis contained immunomodulatory agents that stimulated IFN-γand IL-12 expression in TH1cells.(2)Enhanced secretion of IFN-γand IL-12 will inhibit the Tγcells immune responses Ex. Decreasing of IL-6 and IL-10 production.(3) The impairments of cytokines production in TH2 cells suppressed th BAL cells proliferation then more cytokines production Ex.IL-1β,PAF,IL-6,TNF-αand IL-8 in activated BAL cells were decreased. (4)The suppression of TH2cells immune responses will inhibit the growth and differentiation of B cells then IgE production will be decreased. (5)Reduced production of IgE will decreased asthma attack occurring in individuals. However, the results of the present study suggested that C. sinensis may also have acted to treat asthma in part by inhibiting BAL cells proliferation and cytokine gene expression and production. Future, experiments with treatment of animals with asthma with C. sinensis will be necessary to defined whether C. sinensis can reduce asthma injury. Plans are underway for the isolation of pure principal growth inhibitors and their mechanisms of action are subjected for further study.

Hot Deformation Characteristics and Processing Map Analysis of Pre-Forged AZ80 Magnesium Alloy

Shi‑quan Huang,Ming Lu,Sheng‑lan Luo,Hai‑lin He,You‑ping Yi 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.5

The hot deformation behavior of pre-forged AZ80 magnesium alloy is investigated by the isothermal compression tests attemperatures of 523–683 K and strain rates of 0.0001–0.1 s−1, and analyzed by the processing maps for guiding isothermaldie forging. Flow localization and even cracking occurs at low temperatures and high strain rates, where shear deformationdegree shows a positive correlation with the ��( ̇�� ) value. Two stability regions with high efficiency is found out by theprocessing maps. At common stability region with high temperatures and low strain rates, peak power dissipation efficiencydoes not represent optimum deformation condition as reported in other materials. A Z parameter criterion is introduced forparameters optimization. javascript:void(0); a new stability domain of 523–590 K and 0.0001–0.01 s−1 is observed, which istypical for fine microstructure composed of equiaxed clean α-Mg grains and big particles both about 1 μm (573 K/0.01 s−1).Super plasticity is speculated to occur at that condition.

Study on Marketing Policy of Beijing’s Incentive Tourism Promotion

Shi,Mei-Yu 동북아관광학회 2011 동북아관광연구 Vol.7 No.2

등속성 근력 측정기를 이용한슬관절 우력 곡선의 분석

이시욱,한태륜,방문석 大韓再活醫學會 2000 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.24 No.5

POCS를 이용한 프레임간 압축 영상의 블록화 현상 제거 방법

정시창,백준기 중앙대학교 정보통신연구소 1999 정보통신연구소논문집 Vol.1 No.1

본 논문에서는 동영상에서 프레임간 예측 방식을 이용하여 압축된 영상(P-프레임)의 블록화 현상을 모델화 하고, 그에 따른 블록화 현상 제거 방법을 제안한다. 동영상의 압축 과정은 전 영상에서 움직임 보상된 영상으로부터 차분 영상을 구하고, 그 차분 영상의 DCT 계수를 양자화 함으로써 압축되게 된다. DCT계수의 블록단위의 양자화 과정과 블록화 현상을 갖는 전 영상으로부터의 움직임 보상 과정에 의하여 P-프레임에는 블록 경계뿐만 아니라, 블록 내부에서도 불연속이 나타나게 된다. P-프레임 압축 영상이 블록화 현상을 갖지 않으려면, 차분 영상은 블록의 경계와 블록 내부에서 움직임 보상된 전 영상의 불연속과 반대방향의 불연속을 가져야 한다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 특징들을 이용하여 차분 영상에서의 철면 집합을 정의하고, POCS이론을 이용한 블록화 현상 제거 방법을 제안한다. In this paper, we propose a degradation model for blocking artifacts in inter-frame coded images and corresponding image restoration algorithm based on convex projection for reducing blocking artifacts. In contrast to still images, inter-frame coded images has two different kinds of blocking artifacts. The one arises on block boundary, which is caused by quantization of block discrete cosine transform (BDCT) coefficients. The other arises on block interior, which is caused by motion compensation from the previous blocky image. These properties are used to define convex sets. Namely, on both block boundary and interior, differential images must have discontinuity in opposite direction to the previous motion compensated image.

기체 분위기에 따른 GaN 에피층의 열처리 효과

우시관,박성은,오병성 충남대학교 기초과학연구소 2001 忠南科學硏究誌 Vol.28 No.2

The changes due to the annealing in the electrical and optical characteristics of GaN epilayers have been investigated. The annealing was performed in hydrogen, nitrogen and ammonia gas environment. X-ray diffraction, Hall effect and photoluminescence measurement showed that the characteritics were unproved after the annealing ammonia gas. It is attributed to the reduction of N vacancy in the epilayer by the thermal dissociation of ammonia gas.

산발성 대장암에서 MSI와 다른 예후인자와의 상관관계

이시내 이화여자대학교 의과대학 2004 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.27 No.2

목적 : 산발성 대장암에서 microsatellite instability의 빈도를 조사하고 대장암의 여러 다른 예후 인자와의 연관성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 절제된 대장 및 직장 조직 총 45예를 대상으로 MSI분석을 시행하여 임상, 병리조직학적 소견과 비교하였다. 결과 : Microsatellite instability는 전체 45예 중 5예(11.1%)에서 관찰되었다. MSI인 5예 중 4예(40%)가 우측 대장에서 발생하였고 고등도(0%)나 증등도(5.3%)의 분화를 보이는 암종보다 저등도의 분화를 보이는 암종(100%)과 점액성 암종(33.3%)에서 더 높은 빈도를 보였다. 이들의 P값은 0.05 이하로 통계적 유의성을 보였다. 종양의 크기는 Microsatellite instability인 경우 5.50±1.86cm, Microsatellite instability경우 4.35±1.79cm로 수치적으로 차이가 있었으나 통계적 의의는 없었다. 그 외 환자의 나이, 성별, 육안소견, 림프절 전이 및 개수, 맥관 침윤, 병기 등은 microsatellite instability와 의미 있는 연관성이 없었다. 결론 : MSI+ 산발성 대장암은 우측 대장에 호발하고 저등도의 분화도를 보이거나 점액성 암종에서 더 높은 빈도를 나타내었다. 그 외 대장암 예후에 중요한 림프절 전이와 병기등과의 연관성을 보이지 않았으나 추후의 더 많은 중례에서 연구를 해야 할 것으로 생각되었다. Objectives : The purpose of this study was to evaluate MSI status in sporadic colorectal cancer and to correlate it with clinicopathologic variables. Methods: Total 45 cases of surgically resected colorectal cancers retrospectively were reviewed about clinicopathologic findings and analyzed for micro satellite instability. Results : The microsatellite instability (MSI) was found in 5 of 45 cases (11.1%) . A significant association was found between MSI+ tumors and location in the right colon (40%), and high histological grade (100.0%), and mucinous phenotype (33.3%). There was no significant difference for age, sex, growth pattern, lymph node metastases, vessel invasion, or Duke's stage. Conclusion : These data indicate that MSI frequently occur in colorectal cancers of the right side and in tumors with poorly differentiated or mucinous histology.

「작은 政府論」

梁始浩 건국대학교 1986 政法論叢 Vol.21 No.1

정부란 무엇인가, 정부의 적정규모는 어느 정도이어야 하는가, 또는 시장기구와 정부개입과의 적절한 관계는 어떠해야 하는가 등의 문제가 새삼스럽게 제기 된 것은 최근 선진제국에 있어서 <작은 정부>로의 실제적인 움직임이 나타났기 때문이다. 특히 1981년 1월 미국에서 등장한 공화당의 레이건 행정부가 내세운 정책과 그 정책을 뒷받침한 보수주의자들의 생각은 지금까지의 혁신주의자(Liberal)들의 민주당정부와는 현저한 대조를 이루고 있다. 1929년 뉴욕의 주식시장에서 시작된 대불황으로부터 탈출하기 위하여 공공지출의 증대에 의한 유효수요의 회복에 진력한 1932년 F. 루즈벨트 대통령의 뉴우딜정책 이후, 1960년대의 미국의 번영의 일인이 된 죤슨대통령의 빈인퇴치를 목적으로 하는 위대한 사회의 계획을 거쳐, 더 한층의 복지정책의 추구를 목표한 카-터대통령에 이르기까지, 일련의 큰 정부와 그것에 의한 복지의 향상을 추구하는 민주당의 방식이 미국의 전통적인 길이였다.

음주교통사고의 미필적 고의 적용가능성

차시환 ; 추봉조 ; 정신교 김천대학교 2014 김천대학교 논문집 Vol.35 No.-

There is increasingly high a Crime Rate of Alcohol Impaired Driving and habitual Alcohol Impaired Driving in Korea. But It was a very simple measures and ex post pun-ishments about these problems in Korea. To form a society, it is necessary to have elements of cohesion and unity at the sametime. In order to make the society cohesive and harmonious, regulations and orders should be established. In other words, society should have rules to regulate behavior of citizens. The regulating society is one of roles that politics play. The criminal law is the law which covers the crime and punishment respond to it. So this has the function to protect the interest in thelaw. It is well presented as "nullum crimen, nulla poena sine lege". The principal of legality is adopted to the positive law and the code of legal process. Therefore this principal must be adopted to the both the pos-itive law and the code of legal process. This situation leads to the discord in the both law. Therefore a theory is not accord in the both. If we support the theory of the recognition, we easily accept the theory that the intention is presumed. But we accept the theory of toleration in the positive law, and so the point at issue in the theory of recognition. So we don't support the theory of the recognition. But it is profitable of the proof's liability of a prosecuting attorney. That is the strictness