Ginsenoside Rg5 overcomes chemotherapeutic multidrug resistance mediated by ABCB1 transporter: in vitro and in vivo study

Sen-Ling Feng,Hai-Bin Luo,Liang Cai,Jie Zhang,Dan Wang,Ying-Jiang Chen,Huan-Xing Zhan,Zhi-Hong Jiang,Ying Xie 고려인삼학회 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.2

Background: Multidrug resistance (MDR) to chemotherapy drugs remains a major challenge in clinicalcancer treatment. Here we investigated whether and how ginsenoside Rg5 overcomes the MDR mediatedby ABCB1 transporter in vitro and in vivo. Methods: Cytotoxicity and colon formation as well as the intracellular accumulation of ABCB1 substrateswere carried out in MDR cancer cells A2780/T and A549/T for evaluating the reversal effects of Rg5. Theexpressions of ABCB1 and Nrf2/AKT pathway were determined by Western blotting. An A549/T cellxenograft model was established to investigate the MDR reversal activity of Rg5 in vivo. Results: Rg5 significantly reversed ABCB1-mediated MDR by increasing the intracellular accumulation ofABCB1 substrates without altering protein expression of ABCB1. Moreover, Rg5 activated ABCB1 ATPaseand reduced verapamil-stimulated ATPase activity, suggesting a high affinity of Rg5 to ABCB1 bindingsite which was further demonstrated by molecular docking analysis. In addition, co-treatment of Rg5 anddocetaxel (TXT) suppressed the expression of Nrf2 and phosphorylation of AKT, indicating that sensitizingeffect of Rg5 associated with AKT/Nrf2 pathway. In nude mice bearing A549/T tumor, Rg5 and TXTtreatment significantly suppressed the growth of drug-resistant tumors without increase in toxicitywhen compared to TXT given alone at same dose. Conclusion: Therefore, combination therapy of Rg5 and chemotherapy drugs is a strategy for the adjuvantchemotherapy, which encourages further pharmacokinetic and clinical studies.

Ginsenoside Rg5 overcomes chemotherapeutic multidrug resistance mediated by ABCB1 transporter: in vitro and in vivo study

Feng, Sen-Ling,Luo, Hai-Bin,Cai, Liang,Zhang, Jie,Wang, Dan,Chen, Ying-Jiang,Zhan, Huan-Xing,Jiang, Zhi-Hong,Xie, Ying The Korean Society of Ginseng 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.2

Background: Multidrug resistance (MDR) to chemotherapy drugs remains a major challenge in clinical cancer treatment. Here we investigated whether and how ginsenoside Rg5 overcomes the MDR mediated by ABCB1 transporter in vitro and in vivo. Methods: Cytotoxicity and colon formation as well as the intracellular accumulation of ABCB1 substrates were carried out in MDR cancer cells A2780/T and A549/T for evaluating the reversal effects of Rg5. The expressions of ABCB1 and Nrf2/AKT pathway were determined by Western blotting. An A549/T cell xenograft model was established to investigate the MDR reversal activity of Rg5 in vivo. Results: Rg5 significantly reversed ABCB1-mediated MDR by increasing the intracellular accumulation of ABCB1 substrates without altering protein expression of ABCB1. Moreover, Rg5 activated ABCB1 ATPase and reduced verapamil-stimulated ATPase activity, suggesting a high affinity of Rg5 to ABCB1 binding site which was further demonstrated by molecular docking analysis. In addition, co-treatment of Rg5 and docetaxel (TXT) suppressed the expression of Nrf2 and phosphorylation of AKT, indicating that sensitizing effect of Rg5 associated with AKT/Nrf2 pathway. In nude mice bearing A549/T tumor, Rg5 and TXT treatment significantly suppressed the growth of drug-resistant tumors without increase in toxicity when compared to TXT given alone at same dose. Conclusion: Therefore, combination therapy of Rg5 and chemotherapy drugs is a strategy for the adjuvant chemotherapy, which encourages further pharmacokinetic and clinical studies.

중국의 스마트학교 계획에 관한 연구

장천삼(Jiang, Quan Sen),김미정(Kim, Mi Jeong) 한국실내디자인학회 2019 한국실내디자인학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.21 No.1

Long non-coding RNAs in liver diseases: Focusing on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, alcohol-related liver disease, and cholestatic liver disease

Sen Han,Ting Zhang,Praveen Kusumanchi,Nazmul Huda,Yanchao Jiang,Zhihong Yang,Suthat Liangpunsakul 대한간학회 2020 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.26 No.4

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a class of transcribed RNA molecules with the lengths exceeding 200 nucleotides, are not translated into protein. They can modulate protein-coding genes by controlling transcriptional and posttranscriptional processes. The dysregulation of lncRNAs has been related to various pathological disorders. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge of lncRNAs and their implications in the pathogenesis of three common liver diseases: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, alcohol-related liver disease, and cholestatic liver disease. Future studies to further define the role of lncRNAs and their mechanisms in various types of liver diseases should be explored. An improved understanding from these studies will provide us a useful perspective leading to mechanism-based intervention by targeting specific lncRNAs for the treatment of liver diseases.

Improved kinetics of LiNi_1/3Mn_1/3Co_1/3O₂ cathode material through reduced graphene oxide networks

Jiang, Ke-Cheng,Xin, Sen,Lee, Jong-Sook,Kim, Jaekook,Xiao, Xiao-Ling,Guo, Yu-Guo The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 Physical chemistry chemical physics Vol.14 No.8

<P>An electronically conducting 3D network of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) was introduced into LiNi<SUB>1/3</SUB>Mn<SUB>1/3</SUB>Co<SUB>1/3</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> (LNMC) cathode material in a special nano/micro hierarchical structure. The rate test and cycling measurement showed that the hierarchical networks remarkably improve the high rate performance of LNMC electrode for lithium-ion batteries. The effect of RGO conducting networks on kinetic property was investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiostatic intermittent titration (PITT). The EIS results reveal that the RGO network greatly decreases the resistance of lithium batteries, especially the charge transfer resistance which can be attributed to the significantly improved conducting networks. The enhancement of apparent diffusion coefficient by the RGO conducting networks is shown by PITT. The power performance was found to be limited by the electrical conduction in the two-phase region, which can be greatly facilitated by the hierarchical RGO network together with carbon black. The as-obtained LNMC/RGO cathode exhibits an outstanding electrochemical property supporting the design idea of electronically conducting 3D networks for the high-energy and high-power lithium-ion batteries.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>A 3D conducting network of reduced graphene oxide nanosheets is introduced into LiNi<SUB>1/3</SUB>Mn<SUB>1/3</SUB>Co<SUB>1/3</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> and is found to significantly promote the kinetics for Li storage. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c2cp23363k'> </P>

Cryogenic Compression Properties and Failure Mechanism of Lightweight 3D MWK Carbon Fabric Reinforced Epoxy Composites

Dian-sen Li,Hong-wei Duan,Lei Jiang 한국섬유공학회 2019 Fibers and polymers Vol.20 No.3

Lightweight 3D MWK carbon fabric reinforced epoxy composites are fabricated successfully. The compressiveexperiments on the 3D MWK carbon/epoxy composites with different fiber architecture are performed in three directions (longitudinal, transverse and in-plane) at room and liquid nitrogen temperature (low as -196 oC). Macro-Fracture morphology and SEM micrographs are examined to understand the deformation and failure mechanism. The results show 3D MWK carbon/epoxy composites have extremely compression properties at cryogenic temperature. The stress-strain curves and compression properties at liquid nitrogen temperature are improved significantly than those at room temperature. Meanwhile, the properties decrease with the increase of fiber orientation angle at room and cryogenic temperatures. Moreover, the compression properties are different in the longitudinal, in-plane and transverse direction. The results also show matrix is solidified and fiber/matrix interface adhesion is enhanced at cryogenic temperature and the main failure modes of material behave as fiber layers delaminating, fibers and bulk matrix shear fracture. In addition, the failure mechanism can be significantly affected by the temperature, fiber architecture and load mode.

Medical Image Registration Based on Inertia Matrix and Iterative Closest Point

Mei-sen Pan,Jian-jun Jiang,Qiu-sheng Rong,Fen Zhang 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.8 No.8

The closest iterative point algorithm (ICP) is widely used in medical image registration. But there exist some problems in the following aspects. First, due to its heavily computational load, it has a time-consuming process and a low registration efficiency. Second, due to the fact that it heavily depends on whether the initial rotation and translation matrices of the floating point set can be exactly extracted, it often traps in the local optimum and even fails to register images. In addition, due to the complexity of medical images, it is difficult to automatically extract the salutary feature points. In this paper, by computing the coordinate inertia matrices of the reference and floating images, the rotation angles are obtained and referred to as the initial rotation parameters of ICP for image registration. The edges of the reference and floating images are detected by the edge convolution kernel so-called B-spline gradient operator (BSGO) and then the binarization images involving the feature points are acquired. The experimental results reveal that, this proposed method has a fairly simple implementation, a low computational load, a fast registration and good alignment accuracy. Also, It can efficiently avoid trapping in the local optimum and cater to both mono-modality and multi-modality image registrations.

Effects of the Frequency-degree Correlation on Local Synchronization in Complex Networks

Shijin Jiang,Wenyi Fang,Shaoting Tang,Sen Pei,Shu Yan,Zhiming Zheng 한국물리학회 2015 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.67 No.2

We investigate the effects of the frequency-degree correlation on local synchronization in complex networks with Kuramoto oscillators. We find that a discontinuous synchronization transition occurs in the local patterns for heterogenous networks while for homogenous networks, the local synchronization transition remains continuous. Then, we extend our study to a general frequency-degree correlation case and conclude that the positive correlation does not change the local synchronization patterns while in the case of a negative correlation, the local synchronization transition degenerates to second order. Moreover, the correlation parameter α is verified to have a strong influence on the synchronization level. In particular, smaller |α| results in higher synchronization ability and faster speed to a synchronized state. Our study provides a deeper understanding of the effects of the frequency-degree correlation on network synchronization.

Experimental Investigation on the Shear Properties and Failure Mechanism of 3D MWK Glass/Epoxy Composites under Compressive Loading

Dian-sen Li,Ming-guang Dang,Lei Jiang 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.1

This paper reports the effects of temperature and fiber architecture on the shear properties and failure mechanismof 3D MWK composites under compressive loading at room and elevated temperatures. The shear experiments of compositeswith three fiber architectures were performed at five different temperatures. Macro-fracture and SEM micrographs wereexamined to understand the deformation and shear failure mechanism. The results show that shear stress-strain curves shownon-linearity and plastic fracture feature, and exhibit plastic platform at elevated temperatures. The temperature hassignificant effects on the shear properties which decrease significantly with increasing the temperature due to degradation ofmatrix properties, especially after 75 oC. The shear properties can be affected greatly by the fiber architecture and theseincrease significantly with the increase of 45 o direction fiber at different temperatures. The results also show that the damageand failure patterns of composites vary with the fiber architecture and temperature. At room temperature, the interfacialadhesion between fibers and matrix is high, the local delaminating and shear failure feature are prominent. At elevatedtemperatures, the composites become more softened, cracked and attain plasticity. The damage of matrix plastic andcracking, interface debonding, and fiber layer delaminating change significantly.

An Anti-Inflammatory PPAR-γ Agonist from the Jellyfish-Derived Fungus <i>Penicillium chrysogenum</i> J08NF-4

Liu, Sen,Su, Mingzhi,Song, Shao-Jiang,Hong, Jongki,Chung, Hae Young,Jung, Jee H. American Chemical Society and American Society of 2018 Journal of natural products Vol.81 No.2

<P>An investigation of the jellyfish-derived fungus <I>Penicillium chrysogenum</I> J08NF-4 led to the isolation of two new meroterpene derivatives, chrysogenester (<B>1</B>) and 5-farnesyl-2-methyl-1-<I>O</I>-methylhydroquinone (<B>2</B>), and four known farnesyl meroterpenes. Docking analysis of <B>1</B> showed that it binds to PPAR-γ in the same manner as the natural PPAR-γ agonist amorfrutin B (<B>7</B>). Compound <B>1</B> activated PPAR-γ in murine Ac2F liver cells and increased nuclear PPAR-γ protein levels in murine RAW 264.7 macrophages. Because one of the main biological functions of PPAR-γ agonists is to suppress inflammatory response, an <I>in vitro</I> study was performed to explore the anti-inflammatory potency of <B>1</B> and the mechanism involved. In RAW 264.7 macrophages, <B>1</B> inhibited phosphorylation of the NF-κB p65 subunit and suppressed the expression of the pro-inflammatory mediators iNOS, NO, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. We propose <B>1</B> suppresses inflammatory responses by activating PPAR-γ and subsequently downregulating the NF-κB signaling pathway, thus reducing the expressions of pro-inflammatory mediators.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jnprdf/2018/jnprdf.2018.81.issue-2/acs.jnatprod.7b00846/production/images/medium/np-2017-008469_0008.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/np7b00846'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>