Electrical Properties of ZnO-Based Nanostructur

Eva Schlenker,Andrey Bakin,Hergo-Heinrich Wehmann,Augustine Che Mofor,Arne Behrends,Andreas Waag 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.53 No.1

Single ZnO nanowires grown by vapor phase transport were contacted by Ti/Au electrodes patterned by using e-beam lithography. The current-voltage characteristics display a rectifying behavior, likely due to an interfacial insulating layer between the metal and the semiconductor. The contact resistance was determined to 85 M , the deduced carrier concentration yields 1015 cm-3 which is low and hints towards Fermi-level pinning at surface states. Spectrally-resolved photoconduction measurements reveal an increase in current only for illumination with light at an energy above the band gap energy. Scanning electron micrographs of the metal-nanowire interface show a smearing of the electrodes; however, energy dispersive X-ray element maps could not expose the elemental composition of the blurry regions. Single ZnO nanowires grown by vapor phase transport were contacted by Ti/Au electrodes patterned by using e-beam lithography. The current-voltage characteristics display a rectifying behavior, likely due to an interfacial insulating layer between the metal and the semiconductor. The contact resistance was determined to 85 M , the deduced carrier concentration yields 1015 cm-3 which is low and hints towards Fermi-level pinning at surface states. Spectrally-resolved photoconduction measurements reveal an increase in current only for illumination with light at an energy above the band gap energy. Scanning electron micrographs of the metal-nanowire interface show a smearing of the electrodes; however, energy dispersive X-ray element maps could not expose the elemental composition of the blurry regions.

Reciprocal carrier collection in organic photovoltaics

Renshaw, C. Kyle,Schlenker, Cody W.,Thompson, Mark E.,Forrest, Stephen R. American Physical Society 2011 Physical review. B, Condensed matter and materials Vol.84 No.4

In vitro susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from cows with subclinical mastitis to different antimicrobial agents

Ayman El Behiry,Gerd Schlenker,Istvan Szabo,Uwe Roesler 대한수의학회 2012 JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE Vol.13 No.2

Sensitivity to commercial teat dips (nonoxinol-9 iodine complex and chlorhexidine digluconate) of 56 Staphylococcus (S.) aureus strains isolated from quarter milk samples of various German dairy herds treated with different teat dipping schemes was investigated in this study. The minimum inhibitory concentration was determined using a broth macrodilution method according to the German Veterinary Association guidelines. The main objective of the current study was to induce in vitro resistance induction of S. aureus to chemical disinfectants. Ten different strains were repeatedly passed ten times in growth media with sub-lethal concentrations of disinfectants. Nine strains showed a significant reduction in susceptibility to the nonoxinol-9 iodine complex but only one strain developed resistance to chlorhexidine digluconate. Stability of the acquired resistance was observed in all S. aureus strains adapted to the nonoxinol-9 iodine complex and chlorhexidine digluconate. In contrast, simultaneous resistance to different antibiotics was not observed in any of the ten investigated S. aureus strains. However, the isolates exhibited a high degree of resistance to penicillin G. Based on these results, resistance of S. aureus to chemical disinfectants may be more likely to develop if the chemicals are used at concentrations lower than that required for an optimal biocidal effect.

Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells on the Basis of ZnO Nanorods

Bianca Postels,Anna Kasprzak,Tobias Buergel,Andrey Bakin,Eva Schlenker,Hergo-Heinrich Wehmann,Andreas Waag 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.53 No.1

We report on the fabrication of solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells with ZnO nanorods as n-type material and CuSCN as p-type material. The ZnO nanorods were grown on ITO-coated glass by using a low-temperature aqueous chemical growth approach employing dierent growth times. If the growth time is changed, the nanorod morphology can be varied in lentgh and diameter. CuSCN was deposited on the dye-coated ZnO nanorods from a solution in di-n-propyl sulphide, so that the nanorods are fully embedded in CuSCN. The ZnO/dye/CuSCN solar cells show photocurrents of 0.26 mA/㎠, an open circuit voltage of 0.34 V and an energy conversion efficiency of 0.1 %. We report on the fabrication of solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells with ZnO nanorods as n-type material and CuSCN as p-type material. The ZnO nanorods were grown on ITO-coated glass by using a low-temperature aqueous chemical growth approach employing dierent growth times. If the growth time is changed, the nanorod morphology can be varied in lentgh and diameter. CuSCN was deposited on the dye-coated ZnO nanorods from a solution in di-n-propyl sulphide, so that the nanorods are fully embedded in CuSCN. The ZnO/dye/CuSCN solar cells show photocurrents of 0.26 mA/㎠, an open circuit voltage of 0.34 V and an energy conversion efficiency of 0.1 %.

Open ureteroplasty with buccal mucosa graft for long proximal strictures: A good option for a rare problem

Lukas John Hefermehl,Stefan Tritschler,Alexander Kretschmer,Vincent Beck,Christian G. Stief,Boris Schlenker,Frank Strittmatter 대한비뇨의학회 2020 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.61 No.3

Purpose: To report a single surgeon experience with one year follow-up after open ureteroplasty with buccal mucosa graft (OUBMG) in the rare situation of long segment proximal ureteral strictures. Materials and Methods: Four patients with long segment proximal ureteral stricture underwent OU-BMG between February and July 2017. Functional outcome was assessed by pre- and postoperative serum creatinine, ultrasound and renal scintigraphy as well as patient reported outcomes. Results: Four patients with an average stricture length of 4 cm underwent OU-BMG between February and July 2017. No major postoperative complications occurred. Retrograde uretero-pyelography 6 weeks postoperatively revealed a watertight anastomosis followed by immediate emptying of the renal pelvis and ureter in all four patients. Ureteroscopy at this time showed a wide lumen with well-vascularized pink mucosa. After a mean follow-up time of 12.5 (12–14) months, postoperative serum creatinine was unimpaired. Renal scintigraphy revealed no signs of renal obstruction. With regard to intraoral surgery, no difficulties with mouth opening or intraoral dryness or numbness were reported. Conclusions: For patients with long segment ureteral strictures OU-BMG is a safe technique with excellent surgical and functional outcomes. Hence, the application of this technique should be encouraged and regarded as one of the standard options in case of this rare problem.

Does HRCT Pattern Influence the Effect of Nintedanib in Patients with Progressive Fibrosing Interstitial Lung Diseases (ILDs)?

( Jin Woo Song ),( Kevin K Brown ),( Simon Lf Walsh ),( Anand Devaraj ),( Wim A Wuyts ),( Claudia Valenzuela ),( Rainer-georg Goeldner ),( Susanne Stowasser ),( Rozsa Schlenker-herceg ),( Athol U Well 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2020 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.128 No.-

Background Several studies have suggested that the progression of fibrosing ILDs is more rapid in patients with a usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern on HRCT. In the INBUILD trial, nintedanib slowed the rate of decline in FVC in subjects with fibrosing ILDs and a progressive phenotype. We assessed the effect of nintedanib in subgroups by HRCT pattern at baseline. Methods In the INBUILD trial, subjects (n=663) with a progressive fibrosing ILD were randomized to receive nintedanib or placebo. Randomization was stratified by HRCT pattern (UIP-like fibrotic pattern or other fibrotic patterns) based on central review. In pre-specified analyses, we assessed the effects of nintedanib in subgroups of subjects with a UIP-like fibrotic pattern and other fibrotic patterns on HRCT at baseline. Results At baseline, 62.1% of total subjects had a UIP-like fibrotic pattern on HRCT. In subjects who received placebo, the adjusted mean annual rate (SE) of decline in FVC was -209.2 (19.1) mL/year in subjects with a UIP-like fibrotic pattern on HRCT and -155.4 (23.6) mL/year in subjects with other fibrotic patterns on HRCT. The difference between the nintedanib and placebo groups in the annual rate of decline in FVC was 127.8 (95% CI: 74.3, 181.2) mL/year in subjects with a UIP-like fibrotic pattern on HRCT and 75.4 (95% CI: 9.5, 141.4) mL/year in subjects with other fibrotic patterns on HRCT (treatment-by-subgroup-by-time interaction p=0.23) (Table). The effects of nintedanib vs placebo on change from baseline in K-BILD questionnaire total score at week 52, time to acute exacerbation of ILD or death over 52 weeks, and time to death over 52 weeks between the subgroups by HRCT pattern are shown in the Table. Conclusions In the INBUILD trial, the effect of nintedanib on slowing the rate of FVC decline was consistent regardless of fibrotic pattern on HRCT.