Hierarchical Macroporous Particles for Efficient Whole-Cell Immobilization: Application in Bioconversion of Greenhouse Gases to Methanol

Patel, Sanjay K. S.,Jeon, Min Soo,Gupta, Rahul K.,Jeon, Yale,Kalia, Vipin Chandra,Kim, Sun Chang,Cho, Byung Kwan,Kim, Dong Rip,Lee, Jung-Kul American Chemical Society 2019 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.11 No.21

<P>A viable approach for methanol production under ambient physiological conditions is to use greenhouse gases, methane (CH<SUB>4</SUB>) and carbon dioxide (CO<SUB>2</SUB>), as feed for immobilized methanotrophs. In the present study, unique macroporous carbon particles with pore sizes in the range of ∼1-6 μm were synthesized and used as support for the immobilization of <I>Methylocella tundrae</I>. Immobilization was accomplished covalently on hierarchical macroporous carbon particles. Maximal cell loading of covalently immobilized <I>M. tundrae</I> was 205 mg<SUB>DCM</SUB> g<SUP>-1</SUP> of particles. Among these particles, the cells immobilized on 3.6 μm pore size particles showed the highest reusability with the least leaching and were chosen for further study. After immobilization, <I>M. tundrae</I> showed up to 2.4-fold higher methanol production stability at various pH and temperature values because of higher stability and metabolic activity than free cells. After eight cycles of reuse, the immobilized cells retained 18.1-fold higher relative production stability compared to free cells. Free and immobilized cells exhibited cumulative methanol production of 5.2 and 9.5 μmol mg<SUB>DCM</SUB><SUP>-1</SUP> under repeated batch conditions using simulated biogas [CH<SUB>4</SUB> and CO<SUB>2</SUB>, 4:1 (v/v)] as feed, respectively. The appropriate pore size of macroporous particles favors the efficient <I>M. tundrae</I> immobilization to retain better biocatalytic properties. This is the first report concerning the covalent immobilization of methanotrophs on the newly synthesized macroporous carbon particles and its subsequent application in repeated methanol production using simulated biogas as a feed.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Co-digestion of Biowastes to Enhance Biological Hydrogen Process by Defined Mixed Bacterial Cultures

Patel, Sanjay K. S.,Ray, Subhasree,Prakash, Jyotsana,Wee, Ji Hyang,Kim, Sang-Yong,Lee, Jung-Kul,Kalia, Vipin Chandra Association of Microbiologists of India 2019 Indian journal of microbiology Vol.59 No.2

A Dynamic-SUGPDS Model for Faults Detection and Isolation of Underground Power Cable Based on Detection and Isolation Algorithm and Smart Sensors

Rajpoot Sharad Chandra,Pandey Chanki,Rajpoot Prashant Singh,Singhai Sanjay Kumar,Sethy Prabira Kumar 대한전기학회 2021 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.16 No.4

This paper proposes a SUGPDS model based on Detection and Isolation algorithm and smart sensors, namely micro phasor measurement unit, smart sensing and switching device, phasor data concentrator, and ZigBee technology, etc. for the identifi cation, classifi cation, and isolation of the various fault occurs in the underground power cable in the distribution system. The proposed SUGPDS is a quick and smart tool in supervising, managing, and controlling various faults and issues and maintaining the reliability, stability, and uninterrupted fl ow of electricity. First, the SUGPDS model is analyzed using a distributed parameter approach. Then, the proper arrangement of the system required for the implantation of SUGPDS is demonstrated using fi gures. The Phasor data concentrator plays an essential role in developing the detection and classifi cation report for identifi cation and classifi cation. Finally, smart sensing and switching device installed at a diff erent location isolated the faulty phase from a healthy network. This approach helps to decrease power consumption. Hence, SUGPDS has super abilities compared to the underground power distribution system. The eff ectiveness of the proposed method and model is demonstrated via fi gures and tables

Bioelectrochemical Detoxification of Phenolic Compounds during Enzymatic Pre-Treatment of Rice Straw

( Sanath Kondaveeti ),( Raviteja Pagolu ),( Sanjay K. S. Patel ),( Ashok Kumar ),( Aarti Bisht ),( Devashish Das ),( Vipin Chandra Kalia ),( In-won Kim ),( Jung-kul Lee ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2019 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.29 No.11

The use of lignocellulosic biomass such as rice straw can help subsidize the cost of producing value-added chemicals. However, inhibitory compounds, such as phenolics, produced during the pre-treatment of biomass, hamper the saccharification process. Laccase and electrochemical stimuli are both well known to reduce phenolic compounds. Therefore, in this study, we implemented a bioelectrochemical detoxification system (BEDS), a consolidated electrochemical and enzymatic process involving laccase, to enhance the detoxification of phenolics, and thus achieve a higher saccharification efficiency. Saccharification of pretreated rice straw using BEDS at 1.5 V showed 90% phenolic reduction (Ph_r), thereby resulting in a maximum saccharification yield of 85%. In addition, the specific power consumption when using BEDS (2.2 W/Kg Ph_r) was noted to be 24% lower than by the electrochemical process alone (2.89 W/kg Ph_r). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to implement BEDS for reduction of phenolic compounds in pretreated biomass.

Estimation and Association of Genetic Diversity and Heterosis in Basmati Rice

Pradhan, Sharat Kumar,Singh, Sanjay,Bose, Lotan Kumar,Chandra, Ramesh,Singh, Omkar Nath The Korean Society of Crop Science 2007 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.10 No.2

A representative group of 38 improved basmati lines including maintainers of sterile lines were studied for genetic diversity utilizing Mahalanobis $D^2$ statistics. A wide diversity was observed having ten clusters with high intra- and inter-cluster distance. Heterosis was estimated utilizing the cytoplasmic male sterile lines from the clusters having high intra- and inter-cluster distance. Highly heterotic hybrids were obtained from the hybridization programme. Cross combinations IR68281A/Pusa 1235-95-73-1-1, IR68281A/RP 3644-41-9-5, Pusa 3A/UPR 2268-4-1, IR 68281A/Pusa Basmati-1, IR68281A/BTCE 10-98, and IR58025A/HKR 97-401 were found to be highly heterotic for grain yield/plant with other agronomic and quality traits. Additionally, a positive association of intra-cluster distance with heterosis was observed, which could be utilized as a guideline for predicting heterosis in basmati hybrid rice breeding program. Also, a positive association between inter-cluster distance and heterosis was observed.

Estimation and Association of Genetic Diversity and Heterosis in Basmati Rice

Sharat Kumar Pradhan,Sanjay Singh,Lotan Kumar Bose,Ramesh Chandra,Omkar Nath Singh 한국작물학회 2007 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.10 No.2

A representative group of 38 improved basmati lines including maintainers of sterile lines were studied for genetic diversity utilizing Mahalanobis D2 statistics. A wide diversity was observed having ten clusters with high intra- and inter-cluster distance. Heterosis was estimated utilizing the cytoplasmic male sterile lines from the clusters having high intra- and inter-cluster distance. Highly heterotic hybrids were obtained from the hybridization programme. Cross combinations IR68281A/Pusa 1235-95-73-1-1, IR 68281A/RP 3644-41-9-5, Pusa 3A/UPR 2268-4-1, IR 68281A/Pusa Basmati-1, IR68281A/BTCE 10-98, and IR58025A/HKR 97- 401 were found to be highly heterotic for grain yield/plant with other agronomic and quality traits. Additionally, a positive association of intra-cluster distance with heterosis was observed, which could be utilized as a guideline for predicting heterosis in basmati hybrid rice breeding program. Also, a positive association between inter-cluster distance and heterosis was observed. A representative group of 38 improved basmati lines including maintainers of sterile lines were studied for genetic diversity utilizing Mahalanobis D2 statistics. A wide diversity was observed having ten clusters with high intra- and inter-cluster distance. Heterosis was estimated utilizing the cytoplasmic male sterile lines from the clusters having high intra- and inter-cluster distance. Highly heterotic hybrids were obtained from the hybridization programme. Cross combinations IR68281A/Pusa 1235-95-73-1-1, IR 68281A/RP 3644-41-9-5, Pusa 3A/UPR 2268-4-1, IR 68281A/Pusa Basmati-1, IR68281A/BTCE 10-98, and IR58025A/HKR 97- 401 were found to be highly heterotic for grain yield/plant with other agronomic and quality traits. Additionally, a positive association of intra-cluster distance with heterosis was observed, which could be utilized as a guideline for predicting heterosis in basmati hybrid rice breeding program. Also, a positive association between inter-cluster distance and heterosis was observed.

Computational Analysis of the 3-D structure of Human GPR87 Protein: Implications for Structure-Based Drug Design

Rani, Mukta,Nischal, Anuradha,Sahoo, Ganesh Chandra,Khattri, Sanjay Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.12

The G-protein coupled receptor 87 (GPR87) is a recently discovered orphan GPCR which means that the search of their endogenous ligands has been a novel challenge. GPR87 has been shown to be overexpressed in squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) or adenocarcinomas in lungs and bladder. The 3D structure of GPR87 was here modeled using two templates (2VT4 and 2ZIY) by a threading method. Functional assignment of GPR87 by SVM revealed that along with transporter activity, various novel functions were predicted. The 3D structure was further validated by comparison with structural features of the templates through Verify-3D, ProSA and ERRAT for determining correct stereochemical parameters. The resulting model was evaluated by Ramachandran plot and good 3D structure compatibility was evidenced by DOPE score. Molecular dynamics simulation and solvation of protein were studied through explicit spherical boundaries with a harmonic restraint membrane water system. A DRY-motif (Asp-Arg-Tyr sequence) was found at the end of transmembrane helix3, where GPCR binds and thus activation of signals is transduced. In a search for better inhibitors of GPR87, in silico modification of some substrate ligands was carried out to form polar interactions with Arg115 and Lys296. Thus, this study provides early insights into the structure of a major drug target for SCCs.

An Insight Into the Physico-Mechanical Signatures of Silylated Graphene Oxide in Poly(ethylene methyl acrylate) Copolymeric Thermoplastic Matrix

Sayan Ganguly,Subhadip Mondal,Poushali Das,Poushali Bhawal,Tushar Kanti Das,Sabyasachi Ghosh,Sanjay Remanan,Narayan Chandra Das 한국고분자학회 2019 Macromolecular Research Vol.27 No.3

Dispersion of graphene as nano-building block in polymer matrix is challenging for developing high strength polymer nanocomposites. Tuning of surface polarity can be an effective pathway to resolve this issue of dispersion. Besides this, the polymer matrix (Ethylene methyl acrylate or EMA) has been chosen here judicially due to its polar-nonpolar alternating copolymeric segments which indirectly facilitated dispersion of nanofillers. Herein, graphene oxide has been lyophilically modified by virtue of surface grafting phenomenon with the help of di-halo substituted silane. The most surprising outcome which has been nurtured is their superior dispersion, improvement in physico-mechanical features, and transparency without affecting the inherent compliance of pristine polymer. The transmission electron microscopic image of silane functionalized graphene oxide (GOF) is showing surface roughness which has immense effect of physisorption and mechanical anchoring of polymer chains over GOF nano-sheets. Such physical interaction has enough impact on mechanical properties which has been discussed here. Moreover, the deterioration of transparency was not so much affected after loading of GOF filler. The filler distribution also has been confirmed in the light of small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) study. Thermal treatment has been conducted for composites which accounted high thermal stability comparatively to pristine polymer.

Inhibition of Microbial Quorum Sensing Mediated Virulence Factors by Pestalotiopsis sydowiana

Paramanantham Parasuraman,B Devadatha,V. Venkateswara Sarma,Sampathkumar Ranganathan,Dinakara Rao Ampasala,Dhanasekhar Reddy,Ranjith Kumavath,김인원,Sanjay K. S. Patel,Vipin Chandra Kalia,이정걸,Busi Siddha 한국미생물·생명공학회 2020 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.30 No.4

Quorum sensing (QS)-mediated infections cause severe diseases in human beings. The control of infectious diseases by inhibiting QS using antipathogenic drugs is a promising approach as antibiotics are proving inefficient in treating these diseases. Marine fungal (Pestalotiopsis sydowiana PPR) extract was found to possess effective antipathogenic characteristics. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the fungal extract against test pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 was 1,000 μg/ml. Sub-MIC concentrations (250 and 500 μg/ml) of fungal extract reduced QSregulated virulence phenotypes such as the production of pyocyanin, chitinase, protease, elastase, and staphylolytic activity in P. aeruginosa PAO1 by 84.15%, 73.15%, 67.37%, 62.37%, and 33.65%, respectively. Moreover, it also reduced the production of exopolysaccharides (74.99%), rhamnolipids (68.01%), and alginate (54.98%), and inhibited the biofilm formation of the bacteria by 90.54%. In silico analysis revealed that the metabolite of P. sydowiana PPR binds to the bacterial QS receptor proteins (LasR and RhlR) similar to their respective natural signaling molecules. Cyclo(- Leu-Pro) (CLP) and 4-Hydroxyphenylacetamide (4-HPA) were identified as potent bioactive compounds among the metabolites of P. sydowiana PPR using in silico approaches. The MIC values of CLP and 4-HPA against P. aeruginosa PAO1 were determined as 250 and 125 μg/ml, respectively. All the antivirulence assays were conducted at sub-MIC concentrations of CLP (125 μg/ml) and 4-HPA (62.5 μg/ml), which resulted in marked reduction in all the investigated virulence factors. This was further supported by gene expression studies. The findings suggest that the metabolites of P. sydowiana PPR can be employed as promising QS inhibitors that target pathogenic bacteria.

Mathematical Model to Analyze Coiling Feasibility at Downcoiler in Hot Strip Mill

Manoj Krishna Majumder,Potnuru Venkata Dilip,Pawan Kumar Singh,Gaurav Singh,Saurabh Gaur,Rashmi Ranjan Samantaray,Sanjay Chandra 한국정밀공학회 2023 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.24 No.10

The coiling of a steel strip in a Downcoiler is an integrated part of the hot-rolled steel production line. Failure to coiling results damage to finished rolled strip along with mill downtime due to cobble. Thus, coiling success in Downcoiler is a critical concern for production of hot rolled steel strip. A mathematical model has been developed to analyze coiling feasibility for new grade of high strength steel to be rolled for the first time in the mill and to thereby identify a safe operating window for the coiling-process parameters. This has significant benefit in reducing the risk of coiling failure during plant trial and thus product development cycle time. The model is based on the estimation of coiler tension for a new grade with reference to mill-based physical data of coiling compactness as defined by a wrapper angle from known grades, coiled in the mill. This is followed by computation and comparison of coiling torque vis-à-vis the capacity of the Downcoiler allows a decision to be taken about the coiling feasibility of the new grade. It is believed that it is for the first time that a coiling feasibility algorithm has been developed and discussed. The model has been widely used within Tata Steel to carry out plant trails for the development of new grade as well as rolling of new section in existing grades at its Hot Strip Mill in Indian plant at Kalinganagar.