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      • 화학기상증착법을 이용한 그래핀의 물성 조절: 그래핀과 질소-도핑된 그래핀

        박상준,이임복,배동재,남정태,박병준,한영희,김근수,Park, Sang Jun,Lee, Imbok,Bae, Dong Jae,Nam, Jungtae,Park, Byung Jun,Han, Young Hee,Kim, Keun Soo 한국전력공사 2015 KEPCO Journal on electric power and energy Vol.1 No.1

        본 연구에서는 그래핀의 인위적인 합성방법인 화학기상증착법을 활용하여 합성 파라미터들을 변화시켜줌으로써 그래핀의 물성을 조절하는 연구를 수행하였다. 먼저, 메탄가스를 탄소원으로 순수 그래핀을 합성하였고, 액상의 피리딘을 원료로 사용하여 질소가 도핑된 그래핀을 합성하였다. 각각의 그래핀의 물성은 라만 분광법, X선 광전자 분광법(XPS)을 통한 기초 광물성 측정과 게이트 전압에 따른 그래핀 채널의 전류-전압 응답특성을 통한 전기적 수송현상 측정에 의해 평가되었다. 메탄가스로 합성된 그래핀의 라만 분광 스펙트럼에서는 G-peak과 2D-peak가 선명히 보였고, XPS에서 C1s-peak가 선명하였고, 아울러 전하중성점은 게이트 전압 약 +4 V 정도에서 나타났다. 피리딘을 원료로 합성된 그래핀의 라만 분광 스펙트럼에서는 D-peak, G-peak 그리고 다소 약해진 2D-peak 등이 보였고, XPS에서는 C1s-peak은 물론 N1s-peak도 나타났으며, 전하중성점은 게이트 전압 약 -96 V 정도에서 나타났다. 결과적으로 우리는 화학기상증착법을 활용하여 그래핀의 물성을 성공적으로 조절하였다. In this research, pristine graphene was synthesized using methane ($CH_4$) gas, and N-doped graphene was synthesized using pyridine ($C_5H_5N$) liquid source by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. Basic optical properties of both pristine and N-doped graphene were investigated by Raman spectroscopy and XPS (X-ray photoemission spectroscopy), and electrical transport characteristics were estimated by current-voltage response of graphene channel as a function of gate voltages. Results for CVD grown pristine graphene from methane gas show that G-peak, 2D-peak and C1s-peak in Raman spectra and XPS. Charge neutral point (CNP; Dirac-point) appeared at about +4 V gate bias in electrical characterization. In the case of pyridine based CVD grown N-doped graphene, D-peak, G-peak, weak 2D-peak were observed in Raman spectra and C1s-peak and slight N1s-peak in XPS. CNP appeared at -96 V gate bias in electrical characterization. These result show successful control of the property of graphene artificially synthesized by CVD method.

      • KCI등재

        종량제봉투 내 폐자원에 대한 최적 처리방안 연구

        박상준,김의용,Park, Sang Jun,Kim, Eui Yong 한국자원리싸이클링학회 2014 資源 리싸이클링 Vol.23 No.5

        A standard plastic garbage bag which was discarded from Incheon Metropolitan City was composed of 4.5% recyclable resources (aluminum cans 0.2%, steel cans 2.5%, glass 1.8%), 92.5% resources with recoverable energy (papers 23.0%, plastics 15.5%, combustible etc. 54.0%) and 3.0% non-combustible etc. Recycling is more effective than landfilling for aluminum cans, steel cans, and glass. The energy recovery process using solid refuse fuel (SRF) is more effective than incineration for papers and plastics. Incineration is more effective than recycling for combustible etc. 2,068,948 Million Btu of total energy savings and 21,008 $MTCO_2E$ of total GHG reductions were obtained by the application of the proposed scheme. The total energy savings were equivalent to an economic benefit of 422 billion won per year. The total GHG reductions were equivalent to a GHG benefit of 4,119 passenger cars not running per year. The lower calorific value of the combustible materials was obtained to be 1,936 kcal/kg of papers, 5,079 kcal/kg of plastics and 2,462 kcal/kg of combustible other resources, respectively. If papers and plastics are properly mixed, the mixture can be used as SRF. The lower calorific value of combustible other resources does not meet the quality criteria for refuse derived fuel, therefore its components are inappropriate to used as solid refuse fuel. 인천광역시에서 배출되는 종량제봉투 안에는 재활용 가능자원이 4.5% (알루미늄캔류 0.2%, 철캔류 2.5%, 유리류 1.8%), 에너지회수가 가능한 자원이 92.5% (종이류 23.0%, 플라스틱류 15.5%, 가연성 기타류 54.0%) 및 매립이 필요한 불연성 기타류가 3.0%로 분석되었다. 알루미늄캔류, 철캔류 및 유리류는 기존의 매립처리보다 재활용처리가 효과적이며, 종이류와 플라스틱류는 기존의 단순 소각처리보다 폐기물 고형원료 (SRF)로 만들어 에너지회수처리하는 편이 더 효과적이고, 가연성 기타류는 기존의 단순 소각처리가 재활용처리보다 효과적이다. 본 연구에서 제안한 폐자원별 처리방안을 적용하면 2,068,948 Million Btu의 에너지가 절감되고, 21,008 $MTCO_2E$의 온실가스가 저감되는 것으로 분석되었다. 총 에너지 절감량을 경제적 효과로 환산하면 연간 약 422억 원의 비용절감 효과가 있으며, 총 온실가스 저감량을 승용차의 이산화탄소 배출량으로 환산하면 연간 약 4,119대의 운행감축 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 종량제봉투 내 가연성 물질의 저위발열량은 종이류 1,936 kcal/kg, 플라스틱류 5,079 kcal/kg, 가연성 기타류 2,462 kcal/kg로 분석되었다. 종이류와 플라스틱류를 적절하게 혼합한다면 SRF로 활용이 가능하고, 가연성 기타류는 저위발열량이 고형연료 기준을 충족시키지 못하고 구성성분들이 폐기물 고형연료로 사용하기엔 부적절하였다.

      • KCI등재

        Glycothermal법에 의한 ZnS 분말 합성 및 광촉매 특성

        박상준,임대영,송정환,Park, Sang-Jun,Lim, Dae-Young,Song, Jeong-Hwan 한국재료학회 2017 한국재료학회지 Vol.27 No.9

        ZnS powder was synthesized using a relatively facile and convenient glycothermal method at various reaction temperatures. ZnS was successfully synthesized at temperatures as low as $125^{\circ}C$ using zinc acetate and thiourea as raw materials, and diethylene glycol as the solvent. No mineralizers or precipitation processes were used in the fabrication, which suggests that the spherical ZnS powders were directly prepared in the glycothermal method. The phase composition, morphology, and optical properties of the prepared ZnS powders were characterized using XRD, FE-SEM, and UV-vis measurements. The prepared ZnS powders had a zinc blende structure and showed average primary particles with diameters of approximately 20~30 nm, calculated from the XRD peak width. All of the powders consisted of aggregated secondary powders with spherical morphology and a size of approximately $0.1{\sim}0.5{\mu}m$; these powders contained many small primary nanopowders. The as-prepared ZnS exhibited strong photo absorption in the UV region, and a red-shift in the optical absorption spectra due to the improvement in powder size and crystallinity with increasing reaction temperature. The effects of the reaction temperature on the photocatalytic properties of the ZnS powders were investigated. The photocatalytic properties of the as-synthesized ZnS powders were evaluated according to the removal degree of methyl orange (MO) under UV irradiation (${\lambda}=365nm$). It was found that the ZnS powder prepared at above $175^{\circ}C$ exhibited the highest photocatalytic degradation, with nearly 95 % of MO decomposed through the mediation of photo-generated hydroxyl radicals after irradiation for 60 min. These results suggest that the ZnS powders could potentially be applicable as photocatalysts for the efficient degradation of organic pollutants.

      • KCI등재

        Yttirum Oxyfluoride 원료의 고상합성 및 서스펜션 플라즈마 스프레이 코팅 응용

        박상준,김형순,이성민,Park, Sang-Jun,Kim, Hyungsun,Lee, Sung-Min 한국재료학회 2017 한국재료학회지 Vol.27 No.12

        We synthesized YOF(yttirum oxyfluoride) powders through solid state reactions using $Y_2O_3$ and $YF_3$ as raw materials. The synthesis of crystalline YOF was started at $300^{\circ}C$ and completed at $500^{\circ}C$. The atmosphere during synthesis had a negligible effect on the synthesis of the YOF powder under the investigated temperature range. The particle size distribution of the YOF was nearly identical to that of the mixed $Y_2O_3$ and $YF_3$ powders. When the synthesized YOF powders were used as a raw material for the suspension plasma spray(SPS) coating, the crystalline phases of the coated layer consisted of YOF and $Y_2O_3$, indicating that oxidation or evaporation of YOF powders occurred during the coating process. Based on thermogravimetric analysis, the crystalline formation appeared to be affected by the evaporation of fluoride because of the high vapor pressure of the YOF material.

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