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Cities in the Sky: Elevating Singapore's Urban Spaces
Samant, Swinal Council on Tall Building and Urban Habitat Korea 2019 International journal of high-rise buildings Vol.8 No.2
Singapore has seen a phenomenal and an unprecedented transformation from a swampland to a high density urban environment since its independence in 1965, made possible largely and single-handedly by the sustained efforts of its government. Indeed, urban space is a key vehicle for achieving urban social, environmental, economic, and cultural sustainability. The dense urban context in Singapore has seen an emergence and increase in elevated spaces in the form of sky-gardens, sky-bridges and sky-courts in a range of building types, seemingly seeking to tie together the different horizontal and vertical components of the city. This paper, therefore, examines the effectiveness of elevated urban spaces and pedestrian networks in Singapore and their ability to contribute to the horizontal to vertical transitions, and consequently to the urban vitality and accessibility. It does this through the analysis of two key developments: Marina Bay Sands and the Jurong Gateway. In particular, it considers the implications of certain constraints placed on urban spaces by their inherent location at height, in addition to the familiar privatization of public spaces, over-management of spaces, and their somewhat utilitarian characteristics. The paper argues that some of these issues may pose detrimental effects on the publicness of these spaces that in turn may lead to such spaces being underused and therefore adding redundancies and further stress to Singapore's urban land. Finally, the paper outlines key strategies that may help overcome the aforementioned issues, including the disjuncture associated with elevated spaces such that they may become a seamless extension of the urban spaces on ground.
Samant, Shilpa S.,Crandall, Philip G.,O'Bryan, Corliss A.,Lingbeck, Jody M.,Martin, Elizabeth M.,Tokar, Tonya,Seo, Han-Seok 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.6
This study aimed to determine individual and combined effects of smoking and marination on the sensory characteristics of boneless, skinless chicken breast meat. Four types of cooked, cold-cut chicken breast meat, i.e., marinated cooked, marinated smoked, and controls of non-marinated cooked and non-marinated smoked chicken, were evaluated for 28 sensory characteristics. Marination significantly increased saltiness, sweetness, roasted flavor, smoked flavor, and moistness of the cold-cut chicken breast meat. In addition, smoking significantly enhanced the saltiness, bitterness, roasted flavor, smoked flavor, and moistness of mass. Interestingly, a combination of smoking and marination processes resulted in a synergistic increase in the perceived moistness of mass compared to their individual treatments. In conclusion, this study demonstrates individual and combined influences of smoking and marination on the sensory characteristics of cold-cut chicken breast meat.
Exploring New Paradigms in High-Density Vertical Hybrids
Ravindranath, Swinal Samant,Menon, Srilakshmi Jayasankar Council on Tall Building and Urban Habitat Korea 2018 International journal of high-rise buildings Vol.7 No.2
By the year 2050, the world population is set to increase to 9 billion people, of which 66% will be living in cities. It is argued that this will inevitably lead to further urban densification and soaring, inhumane and dense vertical environments. However, innovative and disruptive technologies impacting all realms of life means that we will also live, work, play, learn and make in novel ways, the beginnings of which are already becoming evident. These present opportunities for reimagining city environments, and in particular tall buildings, with a focus on reducing redundancies and re-appropriating existing buildings, creating novel hybrid environments, incorporating green and social democratic spaces, and integrating multiple modes of transport. This paper examines how vertical cities may perhaps be dense, resource efficient, and yet humane, presenting three possible scenarios for Singapore's context, which are, however, common to many Asian high-density urban environments. The scenarios presented are the outcome of Final-Year Thesis Projects undertaken by final-year architecture students at the National University of Singapore (NUS) in 2017.
Shilpa S. Samant,Philip G. Crandall,Corliss A. O’Bryan,Jody M. Lingbeck,Elizabeth M. Martin,Tonya Tokar,서한석 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.6
This study aimed to determine individual and combined effects of smoking and marination on the sensory characteristics of boneless, skinless chicken breast meat. Four types of cooked, cold-cut chicken breast meat, i.e., marinated cooked, marinated smoked, and controls of non-marinated cooked and non-marinated smoked chicken, were evaluated for 28 sensory characteristics. Marination significantly increased saltiness, sweetness, roasted flavor, smoked flavor, and moistness of the cold-cut chicken breast meat. In addition, smoking significantly enhanced the saltiness, bitterness, roasted flavor, smoked flavor, and moistness of mass. Interestingly, a combination of smoking and marination processes resulted in a synergistic increase in the perceived moistness of mass compared to their individual treatments. In conclusion, this study demonstrates individual and combined influences of smoking and marination on the sensory characteristics of cold-cut chicken breast meat.
Tanay Barman,Sher Singh Samant,Jyoti,Abhijit Dey,Samapika Nandy,Riya Maitra,L. M. Tiwari,Anjana 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2023 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.23 No.2
Variations in topogeographical features causes immense miscellany of widely used medicinal plants (MPs) in Indian Himalayan Region (IHR), thus an ethnobotanical approach was adopted to file the undocumented indigenous wealth of the communities against different corporeal ailments. 370 households of 31 villages were surveyed during the summer seasons of 2015 and 2016 to explore the traditional folkloric practices of the inhabitants using a semi structured questionnaire. The data set was documented in Microsoft Office Excel and statistically analyzed for Use Value (UV), Informants' Consensus Factor (ICF), Fidelity Level (FL), Relative Importance (RI), Cultural Importance Index (CI), Index of Agreement on Remedies (IAR) and Cultural Agreement Index (CAI). The MPs were classified and analyzed for altitudinal distribution, nativity, endemism and threat categories. Total 292 MPs belonging to 95 families were reported to be used against major 15 types of substantial corporeal disorders. The richness of MPs decreased with an increasing altitude. Asteraceae (27 species) was found to be dominant family, followed by Rosaceae (17 species), Lamiaceae (16 species) and Ranunculaceae (15 species) used to cure such ailments. Five MPs were endemic to the IHR and 8 MPs were found to be critically endangered (CR) in the study region. Traditional healers had a detailed and wide range of folkloric therapeutic wisdom to treat different types of human diseases. Folkloric practice provides an alternative preference from conventional healthcare centers for the needy rural ethnic people of this distant area. But unfortunately rapid loss in biodiversity elements, urbanization and considerable anthropogenic stress causes significant decrease in the ethnic knowledge as well as the MPs. Thus, awareness among the people and proper conservation measures is readily needed.
Multisite phosphorylation of C-Nap1 releases it from Cep135 to trigger centrosome disjunction
Hardy, Tara,Lee, Miseon,Hames, Rebecca S.,Prosser, Suzanna L.,Cheary, Donna-Marie,Samant, Mugdha D.,Schultz, Francisca,Baxter, Joanne E.,Rhee, Kunsoo,Fry, Andrew M. The Company of Biologists 2014 Journal of cell science Vol.127 No.11
<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P>During mitotic entry, centrosomes separate to establish the bipolar spindle. Delays in centrosome separation can perturb chromosome segregation and promote genetic instability. However, interphase centrosomes are physically tethered by a proteinaceous linker composed of C-Nap1 (also known as CEP250) and the filamentous protein rootletin. Linker disassembly occurs at the onset of mitosis in a process known as centrosome disjunction and is triggered by the Nek2-dependent phosphorylation of C-Nap1. However, the mechanistic consequences of C-Nap1 phosphorylation are unknown. Here, we demonstrate that Nek2 phosphorylates multiple residues within the C-terminal domain of C-Nap1 and, collectively, these phosphorylation events lead to loss of oligomerization and centrosome association. Mutations in non-phosphorylatable residues that make the domain more acidic are sufficient to release C-Nap1 from the centrosome, suggesting that it is an increase in overall negative charge that is required for this process. Importantly, phosphorylation of C-Nap1 also perturbs interaction with the core centriolar protein, Cep135, and interaction of endogenous C-Nap1 and Cep135 proteins is specifically lost in mitosis. We therefore propose that multisite phosphorylation of C-Nap1 by Nek2 perturbs both oligomerization and Cep135 interaction, and this precipitates centrosome disjunction at the onset of mitosis.</P>