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Salas, R.C.D.,van der Lende, T.,Udo, H.M.J.,Mamuad, F.V.,Garillo, E.P.,Cruz, L.C. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2000 Animal Bioscience Vol.13 No.5
Data collected between 1981 and 1991 at the Philippine Carabao Center at Central Luzon State University (PCC-CLSU) were used for the comparison of growth, milk yield and draughtability of Murrah-Philippine crossbred and Philippine native buffaloes. Body weights and body measurements were available at 3-month intervals from birth to 36 months of age for a total of 34 $Murrah{\times}Philippine$ native buffalo F1 crossbreds (CBB; 21 cows, 13 bulls) and 32 Philippine native buffaloes (PNB; 16 cows, 16 bulls). Lactation records were available for 14 CBB and 19 PNB cows. Data for draughtability under wet and dry ploughing conditions were available for 4 CBB and 4 PNB steers. The results indicate that crossbreds grow faster (0-9 months of age: cows $442{\pm}19$ vs. $301{\pm}21g/day$, bulls $305{\pm}23$ vs. $296{\pm}21g/day$; 9-36 months of age: cows $227{\pm}10$ vs. $147{\pm}12g/day$, bulls $282{\pm}13$ vs. $138{\pm}12g/day$), mature earlier and produce more milk (1st lactation: $1139{\pm}153$ vs. $450{\pm}112kg$; 2nd lactation: $1115{\pm}132$ vs. $488{\pm}136kg$) than native buffaloes, but have a poorer draughtability (wet ploughing; force as % of body weight $8.8{\pm}0.2$ vs. $12.2{\pm}0.6$; dry ploughing: cut depth $10.98{\pm}0.25$ vs. $11.92{\pm}0.13cm$, velocity $0.50{\pm}0.03$ vs. $0.60{\pm}0.02m/sec$, force as % of body weight $9.0{\pm}0.6$ vs. $11.3{\pm}0.7$). The correlation coefficients between body weight and body measurements at birth and at 3-month intervals indicate that heart girth has a relatively high correlation with body weight, especially in crossbreds. It is concluded that in Philippine smallholder farming systems in which meat and milk production are secondary to draught power, the native buffalo is preferable from the point of view of input needed to maintain the number of animals kept for a required draught force.
( Salas Marina Miguel Angel ),( Miguel Angel Silva Flores ),( Mayte Guadalupe Cervantes Badillo ),( Maria Teresa Rosales Saavedra ),( Maria Auxiliadora Islas Osuna ),( Sergio Casas Flores ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2011 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.21 No.7
To deal with pathogens, plants have evolved sophisticated mechanisms including constitutive and induced defense mechanisms. Phytohormones play important roles in plant growth and development, as well as in the systemic response induced by beneficial and pathogen microorganisms. In this work, we identified an Aspergillus ustus isolate that promotes growth and induces developmental changes in Solanum tuberosum and Arabidopsis thaliana. A. ustus inoculation on A. thaliana and S. tuberosum roots induced an increase in shoot and root growth, and lateral root and root hair numbers. Assays performed on Arabidopsis lines to measure reporter gene expression of auxin-induced/ repressed or cell cycle controlled genes (DR5 and CycB1, respectively) showed enhanced GUS activity, when compared with mock-inoculated seedlings. To determine the contribution of phytohormone signaling pathways in the effect elicited by A. ustus, we evaluated the response of a collection of hormone mutants of Arabidopsis defective in auxin, ethylene, cytokinin, or abscisic acid signaling to the inoculation with this fungus. All mutant lines inoculated with A. ustus showed increased biomass production, suggesting that these genes are not required to respond to this fungus. Moreover, we demonstrated that A. ustus synthesizes auxins and gibberellins in liquid cultures. In addition, A. ustus induced systemic resistance against the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea and the hemibiotrophic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae DC3000, probably through the induction of the expression of salicylic acid, jasmonic acid/ethylene, and camalexin defense-related genes in Arabidopsis.
Miguel Salas Daz 한국스페인어문학회 2007 스페인어문학 Vol.0 No.45
Como sucede en el caso de otros escritores en circunstancias similares, Manuel y Antonio Machado tomaron partido por uno de los bandos de la Guerra Civil española, resultando que ambos se enfrentaron políticamente. En el presente artículo se analiza el uso que hacen en sus textos del los mitos de la historia española para legitimar la postura que cada uno defiende. El artículo demuestra cómo los argumentos utilizados por ellos son prácticamente idénticos, a pesar de sus ideologías, opuestas punto por punto.
Hernán Salas Quintanal,Iñigo González de la Fuente Institute of Iberoamerican Studies Pusan Universit 2013 International Journal of Latin American Studies Vol.3 No.1
Abstract. In recent decades, the Latin America’s rural economy and society has been transformed as a result of its dependence on capitalist relationships and the integration of agriculture and food production to world markets, to forms of modernization favoring agro-industrial groups, capitalistic farm businessmen and a few peasant family units. Most peasants and rural workers are now employed in temporary, precarious and flexible contractual conditions. This article examines changes in the institutions regulating socio-economic life and their effect on the rural lifestyle in the Nativitas municipality, Tlaxcala, Mexico. By observing communities under study, the authors propose that rural changes have not turned these regions into totally urban settings. Rurality, as it has been known traditionally, have been altered since it is the current trend that family members work in varied sectors and milieus, whereupon it is necessary to ask what remains of that rurality and how it is defined in this context. Resumen. En las últimas décadas, la economía y sociedad rural, en toda América Latina, se ha transformado como consecuencia de la dependencia de las relaciones capitalistas, la incorporación de la agricultura y la producción de alimentos a los mercados de la economía mundial, a formas de modernización que han beneficiado a grupos de agroindustriales, empresarios agrícolas capitalistas y algunas unidades campesinas familiares. La mayoría de los campesinos y trabajadores rurales se emplean en condiciones contractuales temporales, precarias y flexibles. Este artículo tiene por objeto conocer las transformaciones de las instituciones que han regulado la vida socioeconómica y sus efectos en el modo de vida rural de la población del municipio de Natívitas al sur del estado de Tlaxcala. Estas evidencias nos llevan a proponer que las transformaciones rurales no han convertido estas regiones en espacios totalmente urbanos. La ruralidad, como la hemos conocido tradicionalmente se ha alterado, siendo la tendencia actual que los miembros de las familias se empleen en diferentes ámbitos y sectores, de manera que es necesario preguntarnos qué queda de aquella ruralidad y cómo se define en este contexto lo rural. Key words: New Rurality, Deagrarianization, Globalization, Labour pluriactivity, Mexico Palabras clave: Nueva Ruralidad, Desagrarización, Globalización, Pluriactividad laboral, México.
Guillermo Salas Carreño 한국외국어대학교 HK 세미오시스 연구센터 2014 Signs and Society Vol.2 No.-
The Quyllurit’i (Shining Snow) pilgrimage is the most important of the Southern Peruvian Andes. The shrine is located at the bottom of a glacier and currently attracts all the sociocultural diversity present in the regional society of Cuzco. During the main days of the pilgrimage this usually quiet place is inundated by innumerable groups of musicians and dancers and by tens of thousands of pilgrims. These particularities also attract foreign New Age pilgrims, as well as researchers and film crews. I claim, discussing Durkheim’s elaboration on “collective effervescence,” that the strong emotional experiences of the pilgrimage are functional to the reproduction of coexisting heterogeneous ways to experience and understand the pilgrimage. Most pilgrims are vocal in expressing their experience of transcendence in Quyllurit’i, though they have different ideas about who the transcendent agents addressed by the rituals are, what their relation to the materiality of the shrine is, and how to recognize their agency. The article analyzes the different ways in which New Age pilgrims, Catholic priests, and pilgrims of a highland Quechua community frame and experience the pilgrimage through different assumptions about the nature of society and how signs function in the world.
Fernando Palacios-Salas,Harold Benites-Goñi,Luis Marin-Calderón,Paulo Bardalez-Cruz,Jorge Vásquez-Quiroga,Edgar Alva-Alva,Bryan Medina-Morales,Jairo Asencios-Cusihuallpa 대한소화기내시경학회 2022 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.55 No.2
Background/Aims: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is the preferred technique for treating early gastric cancer (EGC). However, very few studies have been conducted in South America. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of ESD for EGC. Methods: We analyzed data from a prospective cohort from 2013 to 2020. A total of 152 superficial gastric neoplasms that fulfilledthe absolute or expanded criteria for ESD were included. Outcomes were en bloc, R0, and curative resection rates, incidence ofadverse events, and length of procedure. Results: The age of the enrolled patients was 68.4±11.3 years. The number of included patients based on the absolute and expandedindications was 150 and 2, respectively. En bloc, R0, and curative resections were achieved in 98.0%, 96.1%, and 89.5% of the cases,respectively. Bleeding and perforation were reported in 5.9% and 6.6% of the cases, respectively. Histopathological examinationrevealed low-grade dysplasia, high-grade dysplasia, well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, and poorly differentiated adenocarcinomain 13, 20, 117, and 2 cases, respectively. Conclusions: Our study shows that ESD performed by properly trained endoscopists in reference centers is safe and effective, withcomparable therapeutic outcomes to those reported in the Eastern series.