Endoscopic Ultrasound Staging of Upper Gastrointestinal Malignancies

Saadany, Sherif El,Mayah, Wael,Kalla, Ferial El,Atta, Tawfik Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.5

Since 1980, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has been used as an important tool for the evaluation of malignant diseases in hollow viscus and bilio-pancreas, as well as sub-epithelial tumors. The high-resolution capacity and low penetration depth of EUS make it possible to obtain highly detailed images of the gastrointestinal wall and immediate surroundings to a depth of 4-5 cm. Thus, over the past 35 years, EUS succeeded to modify management in significant number of cases and is now considered a gold standard tool for many gastrointestinal diseases, especially in the pancreatico-biliary tract, and adjuvant needle insertion now allows access to remote lesions that were difficult to reach in the past. With the growing spectrum of indications, tissue sampling for diagnostic purposes has become common. In this review, we aim to highlight the expanding spectrum of EUS indications and uses in staging of upper gastrointestinal malignancies, especially esophageal, gastric and ampullary tumors.

Micro-Grids Reliability Enhancement Under Different Penetration Levels of Hybrid DG Units

Essam, M.,Atwa, Y.M.,El-Saadany, Ehab F.,Conti, Stefania,Rizzo, Santi Agatino The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2018 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.13 No.4

Novel mechanism of customized adequacy formulation is proposed in order to enhance micro grids system reliability. The mechanism accounts for 2-levles of load curtailment, and is mainly based on probabilistic load profile and hybrid Distributed Generation (DG) units modeling. The two load curtailments are needed in order to ensure adequate technical constraints at steady state condition during islanding mode of operation. The effectiveness of the proposed formulation has been verified using system independent analytical expressions for the evaluation of both reliability and Expected Energy Not Served (EENS) indices. The evaluation has examined the impact of different penetration levels of Hybrid DG Units in case study islands. Results show the enhancement of the overall distribution system reliability and the recommended conditions for successful islanding mode of operation.

Modeling of a Four-Quadrant Switched Reluctance Motor Drive on EMTDC/PSCAD

El-Samahy, Ismael,Marei, Mostafa I.,El-Saadany, Ehab F. The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2008 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.3 No.1

This paper introduces a complete package for SRM drive on Power System Computer-Aided Design/Electromagnetic Transients (PSCAD/EMTDC). A three-phase SRM drive is modeled and simulated on PSCAD. The motor is modeled using an accurate nonlinear analytical model that takes into consideration the machine nonlinearities. A current control algorithm is applied for torque ripple minimization to achieve a smooth output torque which is necessary for high performance applications. The motor drive is tested for four-quadrant operations. The modeled SRM is capable of operating as a motor or generator during clockwise and counterclockwise motions. The proposed package helps in understanding the operational principles of switched reluctance motors, investigating the dynamic characteristics of SRM drives, and achieving a high performance dynamic control task.

Modeling of a Four-Quadrant Switched Reluctance Motor Drive on EMTDC/PSCAD

Ismael El-Samahy,Mostafa I. Marei,Ehab F. El-Saadany 대한전기학회 2008 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.3 No.1

This paper introduces a complete package for SRM drive on Power System Computer-Aided Design / Electromagnetic Transients (PSCAD/EMTDC). A three-phase SRM drive is modeled and simulated on PSCAD. The motor is modeled using an accurate nonlinear analytical model that takes into consideration the machine nonlinearities. A current control algorithm is applied for torque ripple minimization to achieve a smooth output torque which is necessary for high performance applications. The motor drive is tested for four-quadrant operations. The modeled SRM is capable of operating as a motor or generator during clockwise and counterclockwise motions. The proposed package helps in understanding the operational principles of switched reluctance motors, investigating the dynamic characteristics of SRM drives, and achieving a high performance dynamic control task.

Micro-Grids Reliability Enhancement Under Different Penetration Levels of Hybrid DG Units

M. Essam,Y. M. Atwa,E. F. El-Saadany,S. Conti,S. A. Rizzo 대한전기학회 2018 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.13 No.4

Novel mechanism of customized adequacy formulation is proposed in order to enhance micro grids system reliability. The mechanism accounts for 2-levles of load curtailment, and is mainly based on probabilistic load profile and hybrid Distributed Generation (DG) units modeling. The two load curtailments are needed in order to ensure adequate technical constraints at steady state condition during islanding mode of operation. The effectiveness of the proposed formulation has been verified using system independent analytical expressions for the evaluation of both reliability and Expected Energy Not Served (EENS) indices. The evaluation has examined the impact of different penetration levels of Hybrid DG Units in case study islands. Results show the enhancement of the overall distribution system reliability and the recommended conditions for successful islanding mode of operation.

Plasma Nuclear Factor Kappa B and Serum Peroxiredoxin 3 in Early Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Ismail, Saber,Mayah, Wael,Battia, Hassan El,Gaballah, Hanaa,Jiman-Fatani, Asif,Hamouda, Hala,Afifi, Mohamed A.,Elmashad, Nehal,Saadany, Sherif El Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.4

Background: Early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most important step in successful treatment. However, it is usually rare due to the lack of a highly sensitive specific biomarker so that the HCC is usually fatal within few months after diagnosis. The aim of this work was to study the role of plasma nuclear factor kappa B (NF-${\kappa}B$) and serum peroxiredoxin 3 (PRDX3) as diagnostic biomarkers for early detection of HCC in a high-risk population. Materials and Methods: Plasma nuclear factor kappa B level (NF-${\kappa}B$) and serum peroxiredoxin 3 (PRDX3) levels were measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), in addition to alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in 72 cirrhotic patients, 64 patients with HCC and 29 healthy controls. Results: NF-${\kappa}B$ and PRDX3 were significantly elevated in the HCC group in relation to the others. Higher area under curve (AUC) of 0.854 (for PRDX3) and 0.825 (for NF-${\kappa}B$) with sensitivity of 86.3% and 84.4% and specificity of 75.8% and 75.4% respectively, were found compared to AUC of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) (0.65) with sensitivity of 72.4% and specificity of 64.3%. Conclusions: NF-${\kappa}B$ and PRDX3 may serve as early and sensitive biomarkers for early detection of HCC facilitating improved management. The role of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-${\kappa}B$) as a target for treatment of liver fibrosis and HCC must be widely evaluated.

Simulating spatial–temporal urban growth of a Moroccan metropolitan using CA–Markov model

Saadani Said,Laajaj Riham,Maanan Mehdi,Rhinane Hassan,Aaroud Abdessadek 대한공간정보학회 2020 Spatial Information Research Vol.28 No.5

The continuous urban expansion is one of the most important problems in urban development due to its negative societal and environmental impacts. This study encompasses the spatial–temporal of land use/cover change (LUCC) monitoring (1999–2018) and urban growth modelling (2010–2040) of El Jadida city, Morocco. For this purpose, Landsat-7 ETM and Landsat-8 OLI images combined with a Cellular Automata–Markov (CA–Markov) model were used to simulate and forecast LUCC. The characteristics of LUCC were discussed based on the land cover maps along with urban gradient analysis. After understanding the spatial–temporal patterns of LUCC, the CA–Markov and Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) model were employed using the historical land cover maps and other auxiliary data to simulate and forecast LUCC. The results showed that the urban area (built-up) increased with 19.8 km2. The rapid urbanization has replaced and transform bare soil (net loss 12.7 km2) followed by vegetation cover (net loss 7.1 km2) during 1999–2018. The result exhibited that the predominant built-up development was observed in south-west followed by south-east direction majorly within the municipal limits. The projected LULC exhibit that the built-up area will increase from 29.9 to 43.8 km2 with an average annual growth rate of 0.63, primarily in western and eastern parts during 2018–2040. The result for year 2040 with reasonably good accuracy will be useful to the planners, policy and decision makers. Therefore, the protection measures for environment should be set in advance according to the forecasting results of this study.

Rapid identification and discrimination among Egyptian genotypes of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae and Sinorhizobium meliloti nodulating faba bean (Vicia faba L.) by analysis of nodC, ARDRA, and rDNA sequence analysis

Shamseldin, A.,El-Saadani, M.,Sadowsky, M.J.,An, C.S. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2009 Soil biology & biochemistry Vol.41 No.1

Twenty-eight Rhizobium strains were isolated from the root nodules of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) collected from 11 governorates in Egypt. A majority of these strains (57%) were identified as Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae (Rlv) based on analysis of a nodC gene fragment amplified using specific primers for these faba bean symbionts. The strains were characterized using a polyphasic approach, including nodulation pattern, tolerance to environmental stresses, and genetic diversity based on amplified ribosomal DNA-restriction analysis (ARDRA) of both 16S and 23S rDNA. Analysis of tolerance to environmental stresses revealed that some of these strains can survive in the presence of 1% NaCl and a majority of them survived well at 37 <SUP>o</SUP>C. ARDRA indicated that the strains could be divided into six 16S rDNA genotypes and five 23S rDNA genotypes. Sequence analysis of 16S rDNA indicated that 57% were Rlv, two strains were Rhizobium etli, one strain was taxonomically related to Rhizobium rubi, and a group of strains were most closely related to Sinorhizobium meliloti. Results of these studies indicate that genetically diverse rhizobial strains are capable of forming N<SUB>2</SUB>-fixing symbiotic associations with faba bean and PCR done using nodC primers allows for the rapid identification of V. faba symbionts.

Comparison between density gradient centrifugation method, an extended version of the horizontal swim up method and the combination of both for sperm selection

( Malak Jamil ),( Hasnae Debbarh ),( Amal Kabit ),( Moha Ennaji Lic ),( Loic Koumba ),( Ismail Kaarouch ),( Moha Zarqaoui ),( Wassim Rhazi Senhaji ),( El Mehdi Hissane ),( Brahim Saadani ),( Pierre Va 대한산부인과학회 2023 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.66 No.3

Objective To compare the degree of efficiency between density gradient centrifugation (DGC) method and an extended horizontal swim-up (SU) method. Methods A total of 97 couples undergoing in vitro fertilization were enrolled in the study. Semen samples were divided into three aliquots and treated using DGC, extended horizontal SU, and combined methods. DNA fragmentation and chromatin decondensation were detected in native semen samples and their three corresponding aliquots. The corresponding mature oocytes of each semen sample were divided into two sibling cultures. The first sibling culture was microinjected with semen pellets from DGC, and the second sibling culture was microinjected with semen pellets from the combination of both methods. Fertilization rate and embryonic development were assessed at day 3. Results DNA fragmentation and chromatin decondensation was significantly low in DGC and extended horizontal SU samples; however, the rates of DNA fragmentation and chromatin decondensation were significantly lower in extended horizontal SU samples than in DGC samples. The lowest rates of DNA fragmentation and chromatin decondensation corresponded to the samples treated with both methods. The highest rates of DNA fragmentation and chromatin decondensation corresponded to the samples treated with DGC. No significant difference was found in the fertilization rate or day 3 embryos between sibling cultures. Conclusion The combination of DGC and the extended horizontal SU techniques is best for giving the lowest rates of sperm DNA fragmentation and chromatin decondensation.