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Fung Ying Lee,Kin Hung Fung,Tsz Leung Tang,Wing Yim Tam,C.T. Chan 한국물리학회 2009 Current Applied Physics Vol.9 No.4
We report a simple and cost effective method to fabricate regular metallic particle arrays over large areas with good regularity by using holographic lithography interference for the study of localized surface plasmon. Samples of disk-shaped gold nano-particles arranged in square arrays with lattice spacing ranging from 300 nm to 600 nm were successfully fabricated on glass substrates first by sputtering a thin gold layer onto two-dimensional photoresist templates of hole arrays in square lattice obtained by the holographic method and then removing the photoresist by a lift-off procedure. The plasmonic resonance of the gold nano-particle arrays due to the change of morphology by thermal annealing was studied. The disk-shaped gold nano-particles were found to become more round shaped upon heating and blue shift of the extinction plasmonic band was observed. The results were explained with model calculations using spheroidal particles. We report a simple and cost effective method to fabricate regular metallic particle arrays over large areas with good regularity by using holographic lithography interference for the study of localized surface plasmon. Samples of disk-shaped gold nano-particles arranged in square arrays with lattice spacing ranging from 300 nm to 600 nm were successfully fabricated on glass substrates first by sputtering a thin gold layer onto two-dimensional photoresist templates of hole arrays in square lattice obtained by the holographic method and then removing the photoresist by a lift-off procedure. The plasmonic resonance of the gold nano-particle arrays due to the change of morphology by thermal annealing was studied. The disk-shaped gold nano-particles were found to become more round shaped upon heating and blue shift of the extinction plasmonic band was observed. The results were explained with model calculations using spheroidal particles.
Does Aging Matter? The Efficacy of Carpal Tunnel Release in the Elderly
Fung, Bettina Wai Yan,Tang, Chris Yuk Kwan,Fung, Boris Kwok Keung Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2015 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.42 No.3
Open release remains the gold standard in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome in cases where conservative treatment fails. However, the efficacy of carpal tunnel release in the elderly has been debated in the literature throughout the years. This review aims to review the current evidence pertaining to the efficacy of carpal tunnel release in the elderly. Based on the current evidence, the outcome of carpal tunnel release is unpredictable in the elderly. Elderly patients are also less satisfied with the operation compared to younger patients. The authors recommend that these messages be conveyed to elderly patients before surgery. Moreover, open carpal tunnel release should be offered in the early stages of treatment whenever operative management is indicated.
Man-fung Ho,Dennis Chung-Kei Ng,Janet Fung-yee Lee,Simon Siu-man Ng 대한대장항문학회 2022 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.38 No.3
Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate the outcome of implementation of transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) for low rectal cancer in a regional hospital and in comparison to laparoscopic (Lap) TME. Methods: Consecutive patients with low rectal cancer of which the lowest border of the tumour was located beween 1 and 5 cm from the puborectalis who underwent TME at North District Hospital between January 2013 and December 2019 were included. Clinical, operative, and pathologic outcomes were compared between Lap TME and TaTME. The primary end point was complication profile. Results: Thirty-five patients underwent Lap TME and 45 patients underwent TaTME for low rectal cancer. The conversion rate of the TaTME group was significantly lower than that of the Lap TME group (4.4% vs. 20%, P=0.029), but the operating time was longer (259 minutes vs. 219 minutes, P=0.009). The tumour location was significantly lower in the TaTME group, but the distal resection margins were adequate and not different between both groups. The TaTME group had higher incidence rates of prolonged ileus and urinary tract infection, but the other complications were similar between the two groups. The resection margin positivity rates of the TaTME and Lap TME groups were 2.2% and 5.7%, respectively (P=0.670). At a median follow up of 39 months, no abnormal early recurrence was detected. Conclusion: It is technically feasible and oncologically safe to perform TaTME in a medium-volume colorectal unit. Patients with difficult pelvic anatomy can benefit by reducing the risk of conversion and margin positivity rate.
Lee Fung Ang,Mun Fei Yam,Yvonne Tan Tze Fung,Peh Kok Kiang,Yusrida Darwin 대한약침학회 2014 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.17 No.4
Objectives: Quercetin and curcuminoids are importantbioactive compounds found in many herbs. Previouslyreported high performance liquid chromatographyultraviolet (HPLC-UV) methods for the detection ofquercetin and curcuminoids have several disadvantages,including unsatisfactory separation times and lack ofvalidation according the standard guidelines of the InternationalConference on Harmonisation of TechnicalRequirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals forHuman Use. Methods: A rapid, specific, reversed phase, HPLC-UVmethod with an isocratic elution of acetonitrile and 2%v/v acetic acid (40% : 60% v/v) (pH 2.6) at a flow rate of1.3 mL/minutes, a column temperature of 35°C, and ultraviolet(UV) detection at 370 nm was developed. Themethod was validated and applied to the quantificationof different types of market available Chinese medicineextracts, pills and tablets. Results: The method allowed simultaneous determinationof quercetin, bisdemethoxycurcumin, demethoxycurcuminand curcumin in the concentration ranges of 0.00488 ─ 200 μg/mL, 0.625 ─ 320 μg/mL, 0.07813─ 320 μg/mL and 0.03906 ─ 320 μg/mL, respectively. The limits of detection and quantification, respectively,were 0.00488 and 0.03906 μg/mL for quercetin,0.62500 and 2.50000 μg/mL for bisdemethoxycurcumin,0.07813 and 0.31250 μg/mL for demethoxycurcumin,and 0.03906 and 0.07813 μg/mL for curcumin. Thepercent relative intra day standard deviation (% RSD)values were 0.432 ─ 0.806 μg/mL, 0.576 ─ 0.723 μg/mL, 0.635 ─ 0.752 μg/mL and 0.655 ─ 0.732 μg/mLfor quercetin, bisdemethoxycurcumin, demethoxycurcuminand curcumin, respectively, and those forintra day precision were 0.323 ─ 0.968 μg/mL, 0.805 ─0.854 μg/mL, 0.078 ─ 0.844 μg/mL and 0.275 ─ 0.829μg/mL, respectively. The intra day accuracies were99.589% ─ 100.821%, 98.588% ─ 101.084%, 9.289% ─100.88%, and 98.292% ─ 101.022% for quercetin, bisdemethoxycurcumin,demethoxycurcumin and curcumin,respectively, and the inter day accuracy were99.665% ─ 103.06%, 97.669% ─ 103.513%, 99.569% ─103.617%, and 97.929% ─ 103.606%, respectively. Conclusion: The method was found to be simple, accurateand precise and is recommended for routinequality control analysis of commercial Chinese medicineproducts containing the flour flavonoids as theirprinciple components in the extracts.
Chinese Music in Malaysia: Sustainability and Convergence
Loo Fung Ying,Loo Fung Chiat 아시아음악학회 2019 Asian Musicology Vol.30 No.-
Multiracial Malaysia displays a rich cultural diversity that justifies the popular label of ‘truly Asian’ featuring the three major races Malay, Chinese and Indian, and a smaller population of indigenous groups. This chapter first takes a nostalgic journey to the settlement of the Chinese diasporic community in Malaysia from the 15th century who brought with them musical traditions from the China mainland. The practice of different traditional and folk music, mostly from the South of China, where the Chinese migrants originated, continued in the country. This essay also reviews how these cultural practices were sustained pre- and post-World War 2. A discussion on the development of Chinese musical practices in the country, along with reasons for its decline and challenges to survival as a minority, provides some thoughts about opportunity and conflict. Efforts in sustaining tradition that led to new directions of Malaysian Chinese identity musical formation in this multiracial country are considered. The final part of the chapter documents how a new identity has been shared between a Chinese core and its multiracial peripheries, a phenomenon that presents a new creative output from the younger generations that mirrored the code-switching culture in Malaysia in the age of convergence.
Ang, Lee Fung,Yam, Mun Fei,Fung, Yvonne Tan Tze,Kiang, Peh Kok,Darwin, Yusrida KOREAN PHARMACOPUNCTURE INSTITUTE 2014 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.17 No.4
Objectives: Quercetin and curcuminoids are important bioactive compounds found in many herbs. Previously reported high performance liquid chromatography ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) methods for the detection of quercetin and curcuminoids have several disadvantages, including unsatisfactory separation times and lack of validation according the standard guidelines of the International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use. Methods: A rapid, specific, reversed phase, HPLC-UV method with an isocratic elution of acetonitrile and 2% v/v acetic acid (40% : 60% v/v) (pH 2.6) at a flow rate of 1.3 mL/minutes, a column temperature of $35^{\circ}C$, and ultraviolet (UV) detection at 370 nm was developed. The method was validated and applied to the quantification of different types of market available Chinese medicine extracts, pills and tablets. Results: The method allowed simultaneous determination of quercetin, bisdemethoxycurcumin, demethoxycurcumin and curcumin in the concentration ranges of $0.00488-200{\mu}g/mL$, $0.625-320{\mu}g/mL$, $0.07813-320{\mu}g/mL$ and $0.03906-320{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. The limits of detection and quantification, respectively, were 0.00488 and $0.03906{\mu}g/mL$ for quercetin, 0.62500 and $2.50000{\mu}g/mL$ for bisdemethoxycurcumin, 0.07813 and $0.31250{\mu}g/mL$ for demethoxycurcumin, and 0.03906 and $0.07813{\mu}g/mL$ for curcumin. The percent relative intra day standard deviation (% RSD) values were $0.432-0.806{\mu}g/mL$, $0.576-0.723{\mu}g/mL$, $0.635-0.752{\mu}g/mL$ and $0.655-0.732{\mu}g/mL$ for quercetin, bisdemethoxycurcumin, demethoxycurcumin and curcumin, respectively, and those for intra day precision were $0.323-0.968{\mu}g/mL$, $0.805-0.854{\mu}g/mL$, $0.078-0.844{\mu}g/mL$ and $0.275-0.829{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. The intra day accuracies were 99.589%-100.821%, 98.588%-101.084%, 9.289%-100.88%, and 98.292%-101.022% for quercetin, bisdemethoxycurcumin, demethoxycurcumin and curcumin, respectively, and the inter day accuracy were 99.665%-103.06%, 97.669%-103.513%, 99.569%-103.617%, and 97.929%-103.606%, respectively. Conclusion: The method was found to be simple, accurate and precise and is recommended for routine quality control analysis of commercial Chinese medicine products containing the flour flavonoids as their principle components in the extracts.
Does Aging Matter? The Efficacy of Carpal Tunnel Release in the Elderly
Bettina Wai Yan Fung,Chris Yuk Kwan Tang,Boris Kwok Keung Fung 대한성형외과학회 2015 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.42 No.3
Open release remains the gold standard in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome in cases where conservative treatment fails. However, the efficacy of carpal tunnel release in the elderly has been debated in the literature throughout the years. This review aims to review the current evidence pertaining to the efficacy of carpal tunnel release in the elderly. Based on the current evidence, the outcome of carpal tunnel release is unpredictable in the elderly. Elderly patients are also less satisfied with the operation compared to younger patients. The authors recommend that these messages be conveyed to elderly patients before surgery. Moreover, open carpal tunnel release should be offered in the early stages of treatment whenever operative management is indicated.
Fung, Ying-Sing,Mo, Song-Ying 한국분석과학회 1995 분석과학 Vol.8 No.4
A new analytical procedure using a serial dual electrode detector was developed for the analysis of amino acids and proteins. Bromine was generated at the upstream electrode and detected by the downstream electrode. The presence of amino acids and proteins was shown to lower the downstream current but with no apparent effect on the upstream current. This indirect mode of detection can be applied to the determination of amino acids and proteins which are electrochemically inactive or too large to be accessible to the electrode surface for electron exchange. The method is shown capable to determine various amino acids (cystine, tyrosine, lysine, tryptophan, glycine, methionine and arginine) and proteins (cytochrome c, hemoglobin, HAS, a-Amylase, Conalbumin I, Catalase and Myglobin) with linear working range for amino acids between $10^{-6}$ to $10^{-3}M$ and total proteins between $10^{-7}$ to $10^{-3}M$. The method has been applied for the analysis of amino acids and total protein in food using Flow Injection Analysis with results obtained comparable to those using the traditional analytical procedure. Use of pulse generation technique was shown to produce a more stable flow injection analysis peaks for repetitive determination than the use of conventional constant current method which showed increase of the background current after determination over 200 minutes. The pulse method was found to give stable baseline even after 400 minutes. Thus, the method is shown able to provide a suitable analytical procedure for automatic analysis of amino acids and proteins in food by flow injection analysis.