항암화학요법 관련 오심과 구토 완화를 위한 비약물요법에 관한 연구동향

소향숙,최자윤,조인숙,김영재,김지영,김애숙,김옥미,김춘심,김현오,설영애,안정옥,이애리,이영자 성인간호학회 2003 성인간호학회지 Vol.15 No.3

Purpose: Purposes of this study were to understand the current trends on complementary therapy in relieving chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting and to suggest the future research direction. Method: Subjects were selected on CINAHL, MEDLINE, Korean Academy Data Base from 1980 to 2001 which used nausea, vomiting, chemotherapy and complementary therapy as key words in experimental studies. Eight korean articles and twenty-one international articles were analyzed in terms of general characteristics, research methods, and types of complementary therapy. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistical methods. Result: Since 2000, researchers have more actively used complementary therapy. In subject characteristics, mean age was 35.5 years old, 45% of the researchers were performed with high level of incidence of chemotherapy induced vomiting, 14% of them set limit of consecutive cycle during research, and 65% of them did not comment the selecting criteria of sample. About 60% of them were designed post-test only control group: 35% used INV by Rhodes, 31% used Likert scale, and 24% used VAS for dependent variable. Muscle relaxation therapy was mostly applied for relief of nausea and vomiting. Conclusion: Further studies will be needed to control extrinsic variables affecting nausea and vomiting in research design and to accumulate evidence with studies applying various complementary therapies.

STZ 유발 당뇨쥐에서 시간에 따른 생리적 항산화계의 변화

이순재,양정아,김성옥,최정화,신주영,채영미,차복경 대구효성가톨릭대학교 응용과학연구소 1997 응용과학연구논문집 Vol.5 No.-

The purpose of this study was to investigate change of physiological antioxidative system according to the time in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Sprague-Dawley male rats weighing 150±10gm were randomly assigned to one normal and five STZ-induced diabetic groups. Diabetic groups were classified to experimental period. Diabetes was experimentally induced by intravenous injection of 55 mg/kg of body weight of STZ in citrate buffer(PH 4.3) after 6 weeks feeding of three experimental diets. Animals were sacrificed at 0, 3, 6, 12, 18th days of diabetic states. 1. Activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) in liver was increased in that of diabetic mellitus(DM) groups at 3th day but that of DM groups was not significant from 6th day according to period. Glutathion peroxidase(GPX) was significantly decreased in DM groups from 6th day 2. Reduced glutathione(GSH) contents in liver significantly decreased in diabetic groups from 3rd day compared with those of DM groups according to the period. Oxidized glutathione(GSSG) was higher from 6th day. GSH/GSSG ratio was significantly lower than that of normal group from 3rd day to all experimental period 3. Contents of vitamin E in liver of DM groups were significantly decreased compared with that of normal group from 6th day. 4. Lipid peroxide(LPO) contents in liver of DM groups were significantly increased compared with that of normal group from 3rd day. The present results indicate that STZ-induced diabetic rats were reduced by antioxidative defense system and taken by peroxidate damage in tissue compared with normal group from 3rd day or 6rd day after injection STZ. It lended to acceleration all diabetic groups but no significance according to the experimental time.

소득정책에 관한 일고찰

이영옥 慶北大學校 1970 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

The contents of this study are summarized as follows: Ⅰ. Objective of the study Ⅱ. Method of delineating the tributary areas of urban centers Ⅲ. Scope of each tributary area 1. Tributary area of Taegu 2. Tributary area of four local cities 3. Tributary area of Eup 4. Tributary area of county center (Non Eup) 5. Tributary area of Myun center 6. Unassigned area 7. Overlapping area served by competing centers Ⅳ. Size of tributary areas Ⅴ. Relation between the size of the tributary area and the urbanity of its core city Ⅵ. Hierarchy of tributary areas Ⅶ. Conclusion I. Objective of the Study To study urban centers with respect to their function as central place, and to develop a resultant theory concerning the size, tributary area and arrangement of urban settlement, is an interesting field of urban geography. Delineation of the tributary area and analysis of its size has significant practical application in the planning of ballanced development among regions. In this particular study an attempt was made to first delineate each tributary area with its urban core, and then, to analyse its size. With respect to size analysis, three major factors were considered. a) the distinguishing of any relationship between the size of tributary areas in this study and the standard tributary area. b) the description of any proportional relationships between tributary area size and that of the core city, and c) the noting of any type of hierarchy in the tributary areas. Ⅱ. Method For this study the peripheral method was applied. Questionaires were sent to 237 junior high schools in Kyungsang puk do province. Students attending these schools were requested to supply information with respect to their permanent place of residence. In order to insure the most satisfactory results, data from all students totaling 155,703 enteries were then collected. The catchment areas of junior high schools were selected for the following reasons: 1) they are located only in urban areas, 2) they are selected by the free will of the student, 3) they are equally distributed, and 4) they are located even at Myun centers, the lowest ranking of central places. The delineation of tributary area was made by the following method: 1) The number of students in each school in each urban center were tabulated(by their place of permanent residence) in order to establish the extent of attraction of its respective urban center, 2) The ratio of each Shi, Eup and Myun's dependence on the urban center was calculated. 3) The Shi, Eup or Myun's dependence was then decided upon by noting which urban area it had the highest ratio of dependence on. Ⅲ. The Scope of each Tributary Area Delineation of the tributary areas of each of the 145 urban centers of Kyungsang puk do province resulted in the following: A total of 111 tributary areas were discerned, and they consisted of the tributary areas of one provincial head city, four local cities, twelve Eup centers, ten country centers(Non Eup) and eighty-four Myun centers. Of the total 111 tributary areas discerned, 58 could not qualify as true tributary areas. These were urban centers with their own Eup or Myun as their tributary area. There were also five areas of Subordinate centers which have their own tributary area, but belong to a higher level tributary area. Sixty-five Myuns account for the areas served by competing centers: those which have less than 1/3 ratio of dependence on more than 2 urban centers. Ⅳ. Analysis of the Size of 111 Tributary Areas In comparing the size of the tributary area delineated in this study, with that of the standard tributary area formulated by Chistaller and Kiwchi, the variance is found to be very slight. This close correlation not only provides validity for this study, but enhances Chistaller and Kiwchi's theory as well. Those areas which most closely follow the norm can be readily seen in agricultural areas, the tributary areas of local cities, country centers having the characteristics of service centers, and Myun centers having large tributary areas. By way of contrast, those diverging from the norm include: the tributary area of Taegu City (population over million), the tributary areas of small urban centers adjacent to Taegu as well as local city tributary areas, and coastal country centers engaged primarily as fishing ports. To find a relation between the amount of attraction of a place as urban center and the size of its tributary areas, the number of people in the urban center engaged in sccondary and tertiary activities, and the total population of the tributary area must be taken. The resultant relationship was calculated in terms of a coefficient which was found to be r=0.954. It indicates a high degree of interrelation, and indicates that the higher the tributary area population, the greater the urban population tends to increase. If attraction of center is indicated by: The urban center population engaged in secondary and tertiary activities/The total population in the tributary area×100, then it is apparent that the resultant ratio varies greatly depending on the tributary area concerned. If the index of attraction variance is too great, large urban centers encroach upon a neighboring urban center's tributary area causing, in the final analysis, overextension of the tributary area. Accompanying this overextension is a overconcentration of urban function within the urban center with resultant urban problems. It is apparent a policy of ballanced development must be followed. In this study, the urban centers in Kyungsang puk do province were divided into 5 ranks (as shown Ⅲ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) which were classified not by the break in functional phase, but rather by the administrative status of the central place. Viewed from the aspect of size, the tributary area forms a clear hierarchy corresponding to that of urban centers. Statistical data indicates that as tributary area rank increases, the number of Myun's they contain increases at the rate of 2, 2.6, and 3.6 times respectively. In each rank of tributary area ranging from the lowest (tributary area of Myun center), to the highest (tributary area of provincial head city) the average size, population and intercenter distance increased (based on an arbitrary Myun center value of 1). ◁표 삽입▷(원문을 참조하세요) Higher ranking tributary areas were found to have 2, 2.8, and 3 times greater average size respectively, than the next lower ranking tributary area. With respect to population a three fold increase occurs at the change of each rank, with the exception of the tributary area of the provincial center. With relationship to intercenter distance, the rate increased 2.8, 3.8 and 3.5 times respectively. In accordance with this data, a clear cut rank can readily be found.

제전사여과포 집진장치에 의한 먼지 제거특성 연구

이영우,손재익,박영옥 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1997 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.12 No.1

A neutralized fabric filter was characterized in terms of pressure drop, penetration and figure of merit in a pilot scale test unit for two kinds of ash dust generated from coke manufacturing process of steel industries (coke ash) and clinker calcination process of cement industries (clinker ash). Effects of filtration velocity, cleaning method, pulse jet cleaning pressure, and bag cage type on the characterizing items were investigated. In order to perform an effective cleaning operation and continuous dust collection for both of dust filtrations, the filtration velocity and poulse jet cleaning pressure should be kept above 1.0m/min and 4.0kg/㎠ respectively. The suitable cleaning interval and dust loading for the coke dust filtration were 4 minutes and 120-200g/㎡, and under these conditions the pressure drop and dust penetration could be maintained below 30mmH₂O and 0.5%, respectively. Also, the suitable cleaning interval for the clinker dust filtration was 1 hour, and under this condition the pressure drop and dust penetration could be maintained below 90mmH₂O and 0.5%, respectively. A visual analysis for dust penetration phenomena suggested that a reinforcement be needed for the bag filter in the region of 70cm below the top of the bag cage, especially below the venturi.

소양호에서 질화작용활성도의 일 변화

이옥재,안태영 단국대학교 1997 論文集 Vol.31 No.-

Ammonia oxidizing bacteria associated with the nitrification activity were 144 to 1,860 MPN/100㎖ (mean : 755 MPN/100㎖) in April, 300 to 9,200 MPN/100㎖ (mean : 2,062 MPN/100㎖) in June and 220 to 1,060 MPN/100㎖(mean : 520 MPN/100㎖) in August. Nitrite oxidizing bacteria which were also relative to the nitrification activity were 122 to 780 MPN/100㎖ (mean : 361 MPN/100㎖) in April, 200 to 22,000 MPN/100㎖ (mean : 3,792 MPN/100㎖) in August. The value of ammonia and nitrite oxidizing bacteria was significantly high in June. The range of nitrification activity showed that 0.01∼0.85 ㎍-N/ℓ/day (mean : 0.13 ㎍-N/ℓ/day) in April, 0.18∼1.8 ㎍-N/ℓ/day (mean : 0.78 ㎍-N/ℓ/day) in June and 0.05∼1.14 ㎍-N/ℓ/day (mean : 0.56 ㎍-N/ℓ/day) in August, respectively. Diurnal variation of the nitrification activity was correlated with water temperature(r=0.537, p〈0.05), ammonia-N(r=0.379, p〈0.05) and chlorophyll-a(r=0.399, p〈0.05), respectively.

檢査資料의 活用을 통한 集團指導 活動事例의 效果評價

朴敬玉,李永植,宋在鴻 全北大學校 學生生活硏究所 1992 學生生活硏究 Vol.19 No.-

This study was attempted to introduce the group guidance activity, in which the guide has provided the freshmen with their results of psychological tests and has encouraged to improve their self-understanding, and to examine the effectiveness of that activity. In this study, investigators have highlighted the historical background of the group guidance activity through using the results of psychological tests, and have given and outline of the practice of present activity, including 1) the understanding of human behavior and the functions of psychological testing in the base of the information-processing approach ; 2) the main points in interpreting the results of psychological tests and the implications of individual test for self-understanding ; 3) the general strategies for identifying the problems of individuals and coping with them ; and 4) the introduction to the purpose and activities of the Student Guidance and Counseling Center at Chonbuk National University and the guide to use the Center. And then they have examined the direct and/or indirect effectiveness of that activity. This study has suggested several recommandations for the future activity as follows : 1. It is necessary to examine earnestly the purpose and contents of psychological tests used in the group guidance, so that students may search the self-understanding actively. 2. It is necessary to make an effort in helping the students identify the practical problems, specific to psychological adjustment such as interpersonal relationships, adademic performance, career development, and so on, and cope with them. 3. It is necessary to evaluated continuously the effectiveness of the group guidance activity through using the result of psychological tests, and it is followed by formulating a plan which may result in the improvement of that activity in future.

思考技能 訓練프로그램의 開發 및 適用에 關한 硏究 : 衝動性 減少를 中心으로

朴鎭玹,朴敬玉,申東魯,羅東晉,李永植 全北大學校 學生生活硏究所 1994 學生生活硏究 Vol.21 No.-

Many of college students have the cognitive deficits, one of which is the impulsiveness, in the process through which they solve their problems in the daily life. This study attemted to develop the program for the purpose of improving college students' thinking skills. Also, the program was intended to encourage the college students to reduce their impulsiveness, and to help them maintain the rational reasoning solving the complex of problems. For this purpose, researchers examined the difficulties which college students had in the process of their thinking, focussed on their impulsiveness in particular, based on the findings of preceding works related to the thinking skills, including some of programs for improving the thinking skills and intelligence. As a result, a program was developed to improve the thinking skills of college students in order to reduce their impulsiveness. This program was composed of two parts, each of which included five units. Part One, titled "Human Life and the Limited Rationality", was focused on training college students with metacognition or cognitive style. In this part, the trainees explored those phases passed on the human problem solving and the sources of impulsiveness. This part included five units: (1) Introduction; (2) Journey in the universe of learning; (3) Uncertainty and impulsiveness; (4) Human problem solving; and (5) Human information processing and limited rationality. Part Two, titled "Resolution of the Limited Rationality and Intellectual Limitations of Human Being", was focused on training college students with cognitive strategies. In this part, the trainees searched for the general cognitive strategies with which they would learn each unit, and used it to resolve the limited rationality of human being and thus to solve the problems more efficiently. This part included five units: (1) Search for strategies to resolve the intellectual limitations of human being; (2) Utility of the external representations; (3) Application of strategic knowledge of inferences; (4) Resolution of the inferential baises; and (5) Evaluation and termination. A pilot study attempted to verify the effectiveness of the training program. Subjects were 118 sophomores of a national university in Chon-buk. They were assigned to an experimental group(N=56) and a control group(N=62) to test the effectiveness of the training program. The experimantal group received 12 sessions of training instruction for 50 to 60 minutes each week. The control group was given no intervention. After training sessions, they were given a cognitive style (impulsiveness) scale as well as a reasoning test, and also checked a questionnaire which asked the participants to express their opinions of the training program. The findings of the study might be summarized as follows: 1. The program seemed to contribute posively to change participants' cognitive style, particularly to reduce their dysfunctional impulsiveness. 2. The program seemed to contribute substantially to improve participants' performance of reasoning tasks. 3. Many of participants (about tow-third) of the participants reported to have a novel feel- ing on the program, to perceive the program different from the existing curriculum, and also to take some benefits from the program. However, this study suggested several recommandations as follow: 1. It is necessary to verify the effectiveness of the program on the basis of a valid design of experiment. 2. It is necessary to take a effort to extend the breadth and depth of the program, including a discussion of the functional impulsiveness. 3. It is necessary to establish the reinforcement schedule in order to encourage the participant to engage in the program actively.

大學敎育에 있어서 農村生活實習의 敎育效果와 地域社會에 미치는 影響

高凰京,鄭淳子,李因敦,安容泰,李動榮,金信一,李玉周 서울여자대학교 1975 서울여자대학논문집 Vol.- No.4

活性汚泥 微生物의 分離 및 同定

강명규,배정옥,이기종,이영하 忠南大學校環境問題硏究所 1993 環境硏究 Vol.11 No.-

To investigate the microfloral composition in activated sludge, more than six hundred bacterial and fungal strains isolated from influent sewage, return sludge and aeration tank of an activated sludge sewage treatment plant were identified to the genus level. During the holding period in the aeration tank development of diverse heterotrophic microbial populations occurred and bacterial and fungal numbers in the aeration tank were 10- to 100-fold higher than in the influent sewage and return sludge. A large number of Gram-negative rods, particularly Pseudomonas, Flavobacterium, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, and Alcaligenes were found to be the dominant genera in the aeration tank. The species of filamentous fungi Trichoderma, Aspergillus, Rhizopus and Lepiomitus, and various yeasts were frequently associated with activated sludge. The most commonly found yeast genera were Candida, Geotrichum, Saccharomyces, Torulopsis and Rhodotorula.

한국·미국·스페인 청소년의 태권도 수련이 인성교육에 미치는 영향

유창재,양정옥,이중숙,이상돈,김영수,조만태 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.6

The purpose of this study was to analyzed what effect Taekwondo training has upon Juvenile trainees in Korea, America, and Spain. to see if there is a significant difference in their Human nature Education. The subject of this study was set up as 547 Juvenile trainees who are including 183 Koreans, 185 Americans and 179 Spanish people belonging to gymnasia in their own countries, and sampling by purpose sampling. The means in this study is used to amend and complemented after confirming suitability of the contents in the questionnaire that is made on the basis of questionnaire Lee Chul Ho(1996). it is used as study means after modified, whether the substance of question is right in fitness and applicability or not, Reliability of the question, the range of Cronbach's a is showed from .7924 to .8450. The method of statistically analysis adapted one-way ANOVA, two-way ANOVA by using SPSS WIN 10.0 Program. The result of this study are as followed : First, it can be seen that American Juvenile and Spanish Juvenile show more significant change than Korean Juvenile in their Human nature Education by the Taekwondo training according to their nationality. Second, it can be seen that Juvenile who have had the Taekwondo training for more than from three to five year show more significant change in their emotion, sociability and attitude towards life than those who have had the same training for more than other period in their Human nature Education according to their Taekwondo training period. Third, as a result of analytic investigation of what effect the same training has upon the change factors in their Human nature Education in accordance with their training period and nationality, it can be seen that the training itself and nationality has the greater influence on them than the training period. Therefore, judging from the above findings, it can be proved that the Taekwondo training has much more significant and positive effect on Juvenile in their change of emotion, sociability and attitude towards life.