Associations of CYP1A1, GSTM1 and GSTT1 Polymorphisms with Lung Cancer Susceptibility in a Northern Indian Population

Shukla, R.K.,Tilak, A.R.,Kumar, C.,Kant, S.,Kumar, A.,Mittal, B.,Bhattacharya, S. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.5

Background: Susceptibility to lung cancer has been shown to be modulated by inheritance of polymorphic genes encoding cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) and glutathione S transferases (GSTM1 and GSTT1), which are involved in the bioactivation and detoxification of environmental toxins. This might be a factor in the variation in lung cancer incidence with ethnicity. Materials and Methods: We conducted a case-control study of 218 northern Indian lung cancer patients along with 238 healthy controls, to assess any association between CYP1A1, GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms, either separately or in combination, with the likelihood of development of Lung cancer in our population. Results: We observed a significant difference in the GSTT1 null deletion frequency in this population when compared with other populations (OR=1.87, 95%CI: 1.25-2.80-0.73, P=0.002). However, GSTM1 null genotype was found associated with lung cancer in the non-smoking subgroup. (P=0.170). Conclusions: Our study showed the GSTT1 null polymorphism to be associated with smoking-induced lung cancer and the GSTM1 null polymorphism to have a link with non-smoking related lung cancer.

Development of Nanoparticle-Based High Current Density Cathode for THz Devices Application

Barik, R. K.,Singh, A. K.,Shukla, S.,Singh, T. P.,Raju, R. S.,Park, G.-S Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2016 IEEE transactions on electron devices Vol.63 No.4

<P>Scandia (Sc2O3)-doped tungsten nanoparticle-based high current density cathode is developed for the application in terahertz (THz) devices. This paper involves synthesis of scandia-doped tungsten nanoparticle powder using chemical technique, estimation of optimum porosity, and development of pellet with required porosity by optimizing process parameters. The cathode, made out of the above pellet, is tested in an analytical system containing Auger electron spectroscope and anode. The results show that the cathode can deliver more than 100 A/cm(2) current density with stable emission-strongly recommending it as a candidate for the use in a THz device. Theoretical estimates show that the void porosity is to be kept at 21% for proper surface coverage to produce good emission with long life.</P>

ZnO/FLC nanocomposites with low driving voltage and non-volatile memory for information storage applications

A. Chaudhary,R.K. Shukla,P. Malik,R. Mehra,K.K. Raina 한국물리학회 2019 Current Applied Physics Vol.19 No.12

Nanocomposites comprises of nano sized zinc oxide (ZnO, size ~10 nm) particles and ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) material have been prepared and studied. The concentration of the dopant (ZnO nanoparticles) in FLC matrix varied from 0.0 to 1 wt%. Distinct nanocomposites have been used to fabricate memory device and studied through dielectric spectroscopy, optical microscopy and electro-optical methods to explore electro-optic and memory parameters. Experimental results reveal that doping of ZnO nanoparticles in FLC leads to long lasting memory and low deriving voltage in nanocomposites. The achieved prolonged memory effect in nanocomposites may attribute to the charge transfer at the interfaces. Another reason, application of applied field may lead to ion trapping effect at ZnO surface which in turn minimize the depolarized field and enhance the memory effect in nanocomposites.

A novel approach for preferential recovery of Sr from (Sr, Th)O₂

Vyas, C.K.,Joshirao, P.M.,Shukla, R.,Tyagi, A.K.,Manchanda, V.K. Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co 2012 Journal of hazardous materials Vol.241 No.-

Quantitative leaching of Sr from homogeneous and calcined (Th,Sr) O<SUB>2</SUB> in dilute perchloric acid medium suggests the possibility of reducing the hazardousness of discharged nuclear fuel by separation of <SUP>90</SUP>Sr, a prominent fission product at dissolution stage itself rather than the conventional approach of its recovery from high level nuclear waste. Apart from mitigating the radiotoxicity of the nuclear waste, recovered <SUP>90</SUP>Sr can be employed as a compact heat source and as parent radionuclide for <SUP>90</SUP>Y (used in therapy radiopharmaceuticals), provided it can be made available at desired high purity. Leaching behavior of few other fission products was also investigated to quantify their contamination in leached Sr. Feasibility of employing extraction chromatography using Sr selective resin was explored in perchloric acid medium. In this context, the distribution coefficients of <SUP>85</SUP>Sr(II), Th (IV), Zr(IV), Y(III), Pd(II) as well as <SUP>152</SUP>Eu(III) and <SUP>137</SUP>Cs (I) were determined under varying nitric acid/perchloric acid concentration and under varying loading conditions of metal ions. Perchloric acid medium appears better than nitric acid medium for preferential leaching of Sr from (Th,Sr)O<SUB>2</SUB> as well as for uptake of Sr by Sr selective chromatographic resin.

High yield strength bulk Ti based bimodal ultrafine eutectic composites with enhanced plasticity

Misra, D. K.,Rakshit, R. K.,Singh, M.,Shukla, P. K.,Chaturvedi, K. M.,Sivaiah, B.,Gahtori, B.,Dhar, A.,Sohn, S. W.,Kim, W. T.,Kim, D. H. BUTTERWORTH - HEINEMANN 2014 MATERIALS AND DESIGN Vol.58 No.-

Ti-based bulk metallic glass (BMGs) and their bimodal composites are linked with the pronounced strain hardening after yielding but with much low value of strength. Therefore, developing Ti-based alloys with high yield strength and high plasticity is the current challenge. Here, we report the synthesis of ultra-fine grained bulk (UFG) (Ti0.705Fe0.295) 100 Ga-x(x) (0 <= x <= 2) bimodal eutectic composites with not only high strength and larger plasticity but also with high yield strength which is one of the important mechanical property for structural application. Reasonably high strength, high yield strength, strain to failure ratio, and enhanced plasticity of similar to 7 +/- 0.8% was observed in (Ti70.5Fe29.5)(98)Ga-2 composite which is superior than Ti-based BMGs and bimodal composites. Modification of degree of eutectic structure refinement and volume fraction of constituent phases with the addition of Ga are the crucial factors in enhancing the mechanical properties of Ti-Fi-(Ga) composites. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Characterisation of Microstructure, Texture and Mechanical Properties in Ultra Low-Carbon Ti-B Microalloyed Steels

R. Shukla,S. K. Ghosh,D. Chakrabarti,S. Chatterjee 대한금속·재료학회 2015 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.21 No.1

In the present study, thermo-mechanical controlled processing followed by water quenching has been utilisedto produce ultra low-carbon microalloyed steel in a laboratory scale. The variation in microstructure andcorresponding mechanical properties at the selected range of finish rolling temperatures (FRT), (850-750 °C)has been evaluated. The microstructures of the steels consisted of polygonal ferrite, acicular ferrite as well asgranular bainite with the average ferrite grain sizes less than 5 μm. Finish rolling at 850°C produced weaktexture. α-fibre and γ-fibre intensified with the decrease in finish rolling temperature to 800°C. Intensitiesof the beneficial texture components such as, {554}<225> and {332}<113> also reached the highest valueat 800°C. Ferrite deformation texture i.e. α-fibre dominated at 750°C FRT. The characteristic ferrite - bainitemicrostructure with fine ferrite grain size and uniform distribution of fine TiC particles (< 50 nm) resulted inhigh yield strength (405-507 MPa), moderate tensile strength (515-586 MPa) and high total elongation (19-22%)for the selected range of finish rolling temperatures. Fairly good impact toughness value in the range of 63-74Jwas obtained at subzero temperature (-40 °C) in the sub-size sample. The above strength - ductility - toughnesscombination boosts the potentiality of developed steel for the pipeline application.

An Approach to Develop a Compact Transmission Line Tower with Special 8-Legged Confi guration

Veerendra K. Shukla,M. Selvaraj,R. Ramesh Babu 한국강구조학회 2019 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.19 No.1

For transmission of electricity from power generation plant to substations, many types of structures are being used. The main function of these structures is to support the power conductors and earth-wire. 4-legged steel lattice tower is one of these structures, which is widely used for this purpose. The main drawback of a 4-legged lattice tower is its larger base width, which occupy very large area. Nowadays, in many countries, adequate land is not available to consider such large land occupying towers. In these situations, using monopoles became common practice. But the monopoles are much costlier than the 4-legged lattice towers. To avoid the use of monopoles and to reduce the base width at the same time, in the present work, an approach has been adopted to use a special lattice type structure with eight legs. A 220 kV multi-circuit suspension tower with 0°–2° deviation has been considered for present study. The detail explanations, like, tower geometry, load calculations, analysis and design of the proposed structure has been covered in the paper. It has been observed that land requirement can be considerably minimized by use of the proposed 8-legged tower. The cost of the 8-legged tower is slightly more than a 4-legged tower but much lesser than that of monopoles as the total weight of steel required is very less as compared to monopole. The results obtained from the study of the proposed tower have been compared with 4-legged tower and monopole. This paper discusses the feasibility of using the transmission line tower with 8-legs. The paper also discusses a comparative study of cost, right of way, height and base width of 4-legged tower, monopole and proposed 8-legged tower .

Thermoelastic deformation behavior of functionally graded cylindrical panels with multiple perforations

Shyam K. Chaudhary,Vishesh R. Kar,Karunesh K. Shukla Techno-Press 2023 Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science Vol.10 No.2

The present article focuses on the thermoelastic deformation behavior of inhomogeneous functionally graded metal/ceramic cylindrical shell structure with multiple perforations using 2D finite element approximation. Here, cylindrical shell structure is considered with single (1×1) and multiple (2×2, 3×3 and 4×4) perforations. The temperature-dependent elastic and thermal properties of functionally graded material are evaluated using Voigt's micromechanical material scheme via power-law function. The kinematics of the proposed model is based on the equivalent single-layer first-order shear deformation mid-plane theory with five degrees-of-freedom. Here, 2D isoparametric finite element solutions are obtained using eight-node quadrilateral elements. The mesh refinement of present finite element model is performed to confirm the appropriate number of elements and nodes for the analysis purpose. Subsequently, a comparison test is conducted to demonstrate the accuracy of present results. In later section, numerous numerical illustrations are demonstrated at different set of conditions by varying structural, material and loading parameters and that confirms the significance of various parameters such as power-law index, aspect ratio, thickness ratio, curvature ratio, number of perforations and temperature on the deformation characteristics of functionally graded cylindrical shell structure.

DNA and PNA as templates for building nanoassembliesvia electrostatic complexation with gold nanoparticles

A. Gourishankar,K.N. Ganesh,S. Shukla,R. Pasricha,M. Sastry 한국물리학회 2005 Current Applied Physics Vol.5 No.2

Organisation of nanoparticles on structurally well-dened templates is a rst step towards creating nanomachines. In this respect,nucleic acids are ideal structural templates and a variety of secondary structures realizable from DNA/RNAe.g., duplexes, hair-pins, triplexes, cruciforms, tetraplexes can be exploited to engineer nanoparticle organization at will. We have used oligonucleotidesand their analogues such as phosphorothioates and peptide nucleic acids to electrostatically encapsulate cationic-capped gold na-noparticles. This article describes synthesis and characterization of DNA/PNA-gold nanoparticle composites using TEMandUV-Tm techniques. These types of assemblies may have potential for creating nanowires and lithographic circuits.. 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Design and Analysis of Microstrip Bandpass Filter with Half-Wave Length Open Circuited Stubs

Satya Bhushan Shukla,R.N. Baral,P.K. Singhal 대한전자공학회 2006 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2006 No.3