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Pour une philosophie non utilitaire du CECR en Asie du Nord-Est
( Nishiyama Jean Noriyuki ) 한국프랑스어문교육학회 2011 한국프랑스어문교육학회 학술대회자료집 Vol.2011 No.-
Depuis la publication du CECR en 2001, on compte de plus en plus de versions en différentes langues, et non seulement en Europe, mais aussi en Asie du Nord-Est. La version japonaise a vu le jour en 2004, la coréenne en 2007, la chinoise (pour la Chine continentale) en 2008 et une autre pour Taïwan en 2007, ce qui indique une influence importante dans cette zone extra-européenne. Si je prends pour exemple l’influence du CECR au Japon, on se contente en général de calquer les niveaux communs de référence d’une seule langue comme pour l’anglais dans les curricula. Il s’agit donc d’une utilisation pragmatique et utilitaire du CECR qui ignore sa philosophie profonde. Dans cette intervention je tiens à illustrer une philosophie non utilitaire du CECR ou l’usage non utilitaire qui peut en être fait, en Asie du Nord-Est. Est-il possible d’envisager d’une manière non utilitaire un outil de travail si utile en apparence ? Pour cela, nous allons d’abord nous interroger sur les raisons pour lesquelles le CECR est considéré comme un outil utile et efficace, et dans quelle mesure il est traité comme un «standard», une norme, pour l’enseignement des langues. Ensuite nous allons confronter cette idée de standard au CECR, pour démontrer que le CECR ne coïncide pas intégralement avec cette notion. La troisième partie sera consacrée à l’illustration des caractéristiques non utilitaires du CECR, en particulier l’aspect transversal de l’enseignement des langues aussi bien que l’idée de compétence partielle.
Nishiyama, Nobuhiro,Jang, Woo-Dong,Kataoka, Kazunori Royal Society of Chemistry 2007 NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY Vol.31 No.7
<P>Recently, biomedical applications of dendrimers, three-dimensional tree-like macromolecules, have received much attention. In this paper, we introduce new biomedical applications of functional dendrimers: dendrimers encapsulating photosensitizers composed of a center dye molecule surrounded by poly(benzyl ether) dendrons with ionic peripheral groups as a new type of photosensitizer (PS) for photodynamic therapy (PDT). Dendrimers encapsulating porphyrin and with ionic peripheral groups (DPs) spontaneously formed polyion complex (PIC) micelles through electrostatic interactions with oppositely-charged block copolymers, and showed no self-quenching of the center dye molecule inside the micellar core due to a unique DP structure, leading to remarkable <I>in vitro</I> photocytotoxicity. The DP-incorporated micelles showed successful treatment of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in rats without any sign of side effects. Thus, the DP-incorporated micelles are expected to be an innovative PS formulation for successful PDT against ophthalmic diseases. In this paper, we also review polymeric micelles incorporating phthalocyanine core dendrimers (DPc) for cancer PDT and novel light-responsive supramolecular gene carriers integrated with DPc for site-directed transfection <I>in vivo</I>.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Dendrimer having photosensitizer core was incorporated into polymeric micelles, and showed no self-quenching of the center dye inside the micellar core due to its unique structure, leading to a remarkable photodynamic effect. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=b616050f'> </P>
Nishiyama, Hiraki,Taleb, Tarik,Nemoto, Yoshiaki,Jamalipour, Abbas,Kato, Nei The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2006 Journal of communications and networks Vol.8 No.4
With the on-going wireless access technologies, the Internet has become accessible anytime anywhere. In wireless networks, link errors significantly degrade the performance of the transmission control protocol (TCP). To cope with this issue, this paper improves the recently-proposed terrestrial REFWA (T-REFWA) scheme by adding a new error recovery mechanism to its original design. In the T-REFWA scheme, senders are acknowledged with appropriate sending rates at which an efficient and fair utilization of network resources can be achieved. As the feedback values are computed independently of link errors, senders can keep transmitting data at high rates even in case of link error occurrences. Using this feature, the proposed error recovery mechanism can achieve high throughput in environments with high bit error rates. The throughput is further improved by disabling the exponential back-off algorithm of TCP so that long idle times are avoided in case of link errors. We show through simulations that the proposed method improves TCP performance in high bit error rates. Compared with several TCP variants, the proposed error recovery scheme exhibits higher link utilization and guarantees system fairness for different bit error rates.
From Exoscope into the Next Generation
Nishiyama, Kenichi The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2017 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.60 No.3
An exoscope, high-definition video telescope operating monitor system to perform microsurgery has recently been proposed an alternative to the operating microscope. It enables surgeons to complete the operation assistance by visualizing magnified images on a display. The strong points of exoscope are the wide field of view and deep focus. It minimized the need for repositioning and refocusing during the procedure. On the other hand, limitation of magnifying object was an emphasizing weak point. The procedures are performed under 2D motion images with a visual perception through dynamic cue and stereoscopically viewing corresponding to the motion parallax. Nevertheless, stereopsis is required to improve hand and eye coordination for high precision works. Consequently novel 3D high-definition operating scopes with various mechanical designs have been developed according to recent high-tech innovations in a digital surgical technology. It will set the stage for the next generation in digital image based neurosurgery.
Nishiyama, Yoshitaka,Kovacs, Eszter,Lee, Chin Bum,Hayashi, Hidenori,Watanabe, Tadashi,Murata, Norio 동의대학교 기초과학연구소 1994 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.4 No.1
Photosynthetic adaptation to high temperature was investigated in intact cells and isolated thylakoid membranes of the cyanobacterium, Synechococcus PCC7002. In intact cells, the thermal stability of photosynthesis and photosystem 2-mediated electron transport from H₂O to 1,4-benzoquinone changed in concert with growth temperature. The photosystem 2-mediated electron transport from H₂O to phenyl-1,4-benzoquinone showed greater thermal stability in thylakoid membranes isolated from cells with had adapted to high temperature than in those from non-adapted cells. Enhanced thermal stability was also observed in the thylakoid membranes in the transport of electrons from H₂O to 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol but not in the transport of electrons from diphenylcarbazide to 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol. These observations suggest that oxygen-evolving sites acquire enhanced thermal stability, and that factors with are responsible for thermal stability remain in isolated thylakoid membranes.
Phase Resonance in a Centrifugal Compressor
Nishiyama, Yumeto,Suzuki, Takayuki,Yonezawa, Koichi,Tanaka, Hiroshi,Doerfler, Peter,Tsujimoto, Yoshinobu Korean Society for Fluid machinery 2011 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.4 No.3
Phase resonance in a centrifugal compressor was experimentally observed and simulated with a commercial CFD code. It was found that pressure fluctuation at the volute outlet becomes the maximum when the rotational speed of the modes caused by the rotor-stator interaction agrees with the sound velocity. A simple one-dimensional theory is presented to explain the phase resonance in turbomachinery.