Clinical Study for the Undercorrection Factor in Intermittent Exotropia

( Nam Kyun Koo ),( Young Chun Lee ),( Se Youp Lee ) 대한안과학회 2006 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.20 No.3

Purpose: The surgical technique for intermittent exotropia 「X(T)」 is quite simple. However, in many cases, the condition recurs due to any one of a number of causes, including undercorrection. This study examined the factors associated with undercorrection on X(T) patients. Methods: The study examined 199 X(T) patients who underwent bilateral recession of the lateral rectus muscle or unilateral recession of the lateral rectus muscle and resection of the medial rectus muscle, and who were followed-up for more than a year. Patients whose near and far distance angles of deviation were 9 prism diopters (PD) or more at one year after surgery were designated as group 1. Those whose PD was 8 or below or who had orthophoria were assigned to group 2. Various factors were compared and analyzed. Results: One day after surgery, group 1 showed an average overcorrection of 1.9 and 4.1 PD at near and far, respectively, and group 2 showed an average overcorrection of 6.3 and 7.6 PD at near and far, respectively. A statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups (p<0.05). Factors such as the age of onset of strabismus, age at the time of surgery, the interval from the onset of strabismus to surgery, the preoperative angle of deviation, the dissociated vertical deviation, amblyopia, anisometropia and vertical strabismus had no influence on the undercorrection of X(T) patients (p>0.05). Conclusions: Of the many factors that might influence the surgical results of X(T) patients, the angle of deviation during the initial postoperative period is the most important factor.

Resolution of Macular Edema after Systemic Treatment with Furosemide

( Nam Kyun Koo ),( Yu Cheol Kim ) 대한안과학회 2012 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.26 No.4

We report two cases of macular edema treated with the oral administration of furosemide. The first case presented here was a 78-year-old male patient with visual disturbance of the left eye. He had been taking an oral agent for diabetes and had chronic renal failure for 7 years. From 10 days prior to the visit, he had visual disturbance of the left eye accompanied by systemic edema. There were no specific findings in the anterior segment, but sub-retinal fluid was observed in the left fundus. Macular edema was observed on fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography; therefore, the oral administration of furosemide was initiated. After seven days, the sub-retinal fluid disappeared. The second case was a 43-year-old female patient with visual disturbance of the left eye who had been taking hypoglycemic agents for diabetes for 13 years. There were no specific findings in the anterior segment, but flame-shaped retinal hemorrhages were scattered over both posterior poles, neovascularization was observed in the left eye, and, of particular note, sub-retinal fluid was detected in the macula of the left eye. Macular edema was also observed on fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography, and oral administration of furosemide was initiated. After 3 weeks, the macular edema had significantly decreased.

Controlled Delivery of Extracellular ROS Based on Hematoporphyrin-Incorporated Polyurethane Film for Enhanced Proliferation of Endothelial Cells

Koo, Min-Ah,Kim, Bong-Jin,Lee, Mi Hee,Kwon, Byeong-Ju,Kim, Min Sung,Seon, Gyeung Mi,Kim, Dohyun,Nam, Ki Chang,Wang, Kang-Kyun,Kim, Yong-Rok,Park, Jong-Chul American Chemical Society 2016 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.8 No.42

<P>The principle of photodynamic treatment (PDT) involves the administration of photosensitizer (PS) at diseased tissues, followed by light irradiation to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). In cells, a moderate increase in ROS plays an important role as signaling molecule to promote cell proliferation, whereas a severe increase of ROS causes cell damage. Previous studies have shown that low levels of ROS stimulate cell growth through PS drugs-treating PDT and nonthermal plasma treatment. However, these methods have side effects which are associated with low tissue selectivity and remaining of PS residues. To overcome such shortcomings, we designed hematoporphyrin-incorporated polyurethane (PU) film induced generation of extracellular ROS with singlet oxygen and free radicals. The film can easily control ROS production rate by regulating several parameters including light dose, PS dose. Also, its use facilitates targeted delivery of ROS to the specific lesion. Our study demonstrated that extracellular ROS could induce the formation of intracellular ROS. In vascular endothelial cells, a moderated increase in intracellular ROS also stimulated cell proliferation and cell cycle progression by accurate control of optimum levels of ROS with hematoporphyrin-incorporated polymer films. This modulation of cellular growth is expected to be an effective strategy for the design of next-generation PDT.</P>

Biliary Complications after Pediatric Liver Transplantation: A High Volume Living Donor Liver Transplantation Center Study of 237 Patients Over 27 Years

( Nam-joon Yi ),( Kwang-woong Lee ),( Kyung-suk Suh ),( Suk Kyun Hong ),( Kyung Chul Yoon ),( Dongkyu Oh ),( Berik Rovgaliyev ),( Joon Koo Han ),( Min Uk Kim ),( Jeong Min Lee ) 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: Biliary complication (BC) is prevalent in pediatric liver transplantation (PLT), with reported rates from 12% to 50%. This study analyzed which factors of perioperative variables caused BCs and how BCs affected graft and patient survival in PLT. Methods: A retrospective analysis reviewed 237 consecutive pediatric recipients from 1988 to 2015 in a Korean high-volume living donor LT (LDLT) center. The median follow-up was 80.3 (range, 28.7-153.9) months. Results: Of these 237 patients, 23 (9.7%) patients developed BCs. The overall 1-, 5-, and 10-year patient and graft survival rates were 89.8%, 87.8%, and 86.9% and 88.2%, 86.7%, and 85.8%. The 1-, 5-, and 10-year BC-free survival rates were 91.8%, 89.8%, and 89.0%. There was no significant difference of both patient and graft survival rate between the patients with and without BCs (P >0.05). In multivariate analysis, type of liver transplant (LDLT 12.8% vs. whole LT 5.0% vs. split LT 2.4%), portal vein complication (21.7% vs. 6.5%), and hepatic vein complication (26.0% vs. 8.9%) were revealed as significant contributor to BCs (P<0.05). Conclusions: Despite of BCs, graft and patient survival rates were not significantly affected. Although the rate of BC was acceptable, LDLT was one of the risk factors of BCs in PLT, and meticulous technique to avoid vascular complication could also improve the outcome of biliary reconstruction.

Outcomes of Pediatric Liver Transplantation in Korea Using Two National Registries

( Suk Kyun Hong ),( Nam-joon Yi ),( Kyung Chul Yoon ),( Myoung Soo Kim ),( Jae Geun Lee ),( Sanghoon Lee ),( Koo Jeong Kang ),( Shin Hwang ),( Je Ho Ryu ),( Kwangpyo Hong ),( Eui Suh ) 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1

Aims: This retrospective study aimed to evaluate overall survival and the risk factors for mortality among Korean pediatric liver transplantation (LT) patients using data from two national registries: the Korean Network Organ Sharing (KONOS) of the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Korean Organ Transplantation Registry (KOTRY). Methods: Prospectively collected data of 755 (333 male, 422 female) pediatric patients who underwent primary LT (KONOS, February 2000 to December 2015; KOTRY, May 2014 to December 2017) were retrospectively reviewed. Results: The 1-, 5-, 10-, and 15-year survival rates were 90.6%, 86.7%, 85.8%, and 85.5%, respectively, in KONOS, and the 1-month, 3-month, 1-year, and 2-year survival rates were 92.1%, 89.4%, 89.4%, and 87.2%, respectively, in KOTRY. There was no significant difference in survival between the two registries. Multivariate analysis identified that body weight ≥6 kg (P<0.001), biliary atresia as underlying liver disease (P=0.001), and high-volume center (P<0.001) were associated with better survival according to the KONOS database, while hepatic artery complication (P<0.001) was associated with poorer overall survival rates according to the KOTRY database. Conclusions: Long-term pediatric patient survival after LT was satisfactory in this Korean national registry analysis. However, children with risk factors for poor outcomes should be carefully managed after LT.

장애노인의 신체활동 촉진요인에 관한 연구

구교만(Koo, Kyo-Man),김춘종(Kim, Chung-Jong),박채희(Park, Chae-Hee),서건우(Seo, Geon-Woo),변정균(Byeun, Jung-Kyun),김영욱(Kim, Young-Uk),임남훈(Lim, Nam-Hoon) 한국사회체육학회 2016 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.63

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data which is based on physical activity constraints factors for elderly with disabilities. To achieve the goal, paper research was conducted at National Center for biotechnology Information pubmed. This research engine enables to access US National Library of Medicine. Total 82 papers were selected which was related to both Physical Activity for Elderly with disabilities and ICF factors. Sub factors which related with Body functions and structures are Mental Function, Neuromusculoskeletal and movement-related function, Functions of the digestive, metabolic and endocrine systems, Structure related to the genitourinary and reproduce systems, Functions of cardiovascular, haematological, Immunological and respiratory systems and Structure related digestive. Sub factors which related with Activity and participation are Self-care, Mobility, Learning and applying knowledge and Domestic life. Sub factor which related with Environmental factors are Support and relationships and Natural environment and human made changes to environment. In conclusion, regularly physical activity has positive effect on ICF classification system, so there is need to develop and provide physical activity program which considered the types of disabilities.

공여자의 종류에 따른 간이식 후 감염성 합병증의 비교 : Comparison between Orthotopic and Living Donor Transplantation

기현균,손준성,오원섭,백경란,이남용,김성주,조재원,이석구,송재훈 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.3

목적 : 최근 간이식 수요가 증가함에 따라 이에 대한 하나의 대안으로 생체 부분 간이식(LDLT) 시행례가 증가하고 있다. 이에 뇌사자 사체 간이식(OLT)과의 감염 양상을 비교하기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법 : 1996년 5월부터 2003년 8월까지 삼성서울병원에서 간이식을 시행 받은 284명의 환자들을 대상으로 후향적으로 분석하였다. 결과 : 188명은 LDLT를, 96명은 OLT를 시행 받았다. 간이식 후 감염증은 총 191명에서 발생하였고(67.0%) OLT 환자군과 LDLT 환자군 사이에 감염증의 발생 빈도와 원인 병원체의 빈도는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 병원체 별로는 Enterococcus 균정(16.2%) S. aureus(15.1%), coagulase negative staphylococci (13.4%)의 순서였다. 감염증의 종류는 복강 내 감염이 총 83례로 가장 많았는데, LDLT에서 OLT에 비하여 유의하게 높게 발생하였다(34.0% vs 19.8%, P=0.012). 요로 감염증(11.5% vs 4.3%, P=0.022)과 침습성 아스페르길루스증(7.3% vs 1.6%, P=0.034)은 OLT을 시행한 경우에 많았다. 기타 감염증은 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결론 : 간이식 환자에서 공여자의 종류에 따른 감염의 발생빈도는 차이가 없었으나 감염증 중 복강 내 감염은 LDLT에서 더 많이 발생하였다. 장구균 감염, 특히 반코마이신 내성 장구균이 간이식 후 발생하는 감염증의 중요한 원인 병원체임을 확인하였다. Background : Living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) has been performed more frequently to circumvent the shortage of donor organs. However, infectious complications after LDLT compared with orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) have not been well investigated to date. Methods : We have retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all consecutive cases of liver transplantation, which had been performed at the Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, from May 1996 to August 2003. Results : Of the 284 patients enrolled, 188 (66.2%) underwent LDLT. Overall incidence of infectious complications after liver transplantation was 67.0% (191/284). Incidence of infections was not different between OLT group (67.7%) and LDLT group (67.0%) (P=0.9). Bacterial infections were the most common infectious complications (146 cases) followed by viral infections (32 cases), fungal infections (26 cases), and tuberculosis (4 cases). Enterococcus spp. (16.2%) were the leading pathogens followed by Staphylococcus aureus (15.1 %) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (13.4%). However, the distribution of etiologic agents was not different between OLT and LDLT group. Intra-abdominal infections (83 cases) were the most common type of infectious complications, which were more frequent in LDLT group (34.0%) than in OLT group (19.8%) (P=O.Ol). Conclusion : LDLT resulted in intra-abdominal infections more frequently than OLT. Enterococcus spp., especially vancomycin-resistant enterococci, are emerging pathogens in patients with liver transplantation.

중파방송 송신소 내 eLoran용 송신 안테나 동일 장소 배치 및 분석

김기남(Ki-nam Kim),목하균(Ha-kyun Mok),구한이(Hanni Koo),남상욱(Sangwook Nam) 한국전자파학회 2016 한국전자파학회논문지 Vol.27 No.12

본 논문에서는 중파방송 송신소 내 중파송신 안테나와 동일 장소에 배치(Co-location)된 eLoran 송신 안테나의 모델을 제시하고, 이를 분석하였다. 먼저 eLoran 송신 안테나의 적합한 구조로 가장 일반적인 형태인 우산형 상부장하소자(TLE: Top-loading wire)가 연결된 모노폴 안테나를 적용하였다. 설계된 eLoran용 송신 안테나를 중파송신 안테나와 동일 장소 내 배치 유무에 따른 방사패턴과 반사손실을 비교하여 서로 일치함을 보였다. 또한, 동일 장소 배치에 따른 송신회로의 영향을 확인하기 위해 eLoran 및 중파송신 안테나 매칭회로를 모두 포함한 커플링을 분석하였다. 그 결과, eLoran 중심주파수인 100 kHz에서 —53.3 dB, 중파송신 안테나의 동작주파수인 1,053 kHz에서 —64.8 dB로 커플링에 의한 영향은 미미함을 확인하여 설계 타당성을 보였다. The eLoran(enhanced Long Range Navigation) transmitting antenna is analyzed for co-location with an AM transmitting antenna in an MF transmitting site. To compensate for the loading effect, the umbrella-type loading is applied for eLoran antenna. The validity of the co-location between the MF antenna and the eLoran antenna is verified through the simulation results of the radiation pattern and the return loss. Also, coupling including antenna matching circuit is analyzed to verify the effect of the transmitting circuit. The coupling between the LF and eLoran antenna is —53.3 dB at 100 kHz and —64.8 dB at 1,053 kHz, respectively.

초자체강내 Netilmicin 주사로 인한 망막미세구조의 변화

양한남,조호균,구본술 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1989 中央醫大誌 Vol.14 No.1

The toxic effects of intravitreal injection of netilmicin on the rabbit retina at different concentrations were studied with transmission electron microscope. One tenth milliliter of solution containing 50, 100, 200, or 1,000㎍ of netilmicin as experimental group and 0.1 ml of balanced salt solution as control group was injected into the rabbit vitreous cavity through pars plana respectively. The eyeballs of each concentration were enucleated at 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14 days after injection for observation under transmission electron microscope. One hundred micrograms of netilmicin or below produced mild changes in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Mild swelling of the mitochondria, irregularity in the basal infolding, and the presence of a few residual bodies were observed in the basal infolding and the presence of a few residual bodies were observed in the RPE. Those changes are probably considered reversible. Following injection of 200 ㎍ of netilmicin more advanced changes were observed in the retinal pigment epithelial and photoreceptor cell layer. The changes were as follows: numerous vacuoles and residual bodies in the RPE, prominent basal infolding and irregularity of the Bruch's membrane, and fragmentation of the inner and outer segments of the photoreceptor cells. Although those changes were stationary, occasional loss of the retinal pigment epithelium was observed at 14th day after injection. With the increased dose of netilmicin up to 1,000 ㎍, severe destructive change took place in the RPE and outer layer of the sensory retina. Retinal degeneration produced by toxic dose of intravitreal netilmicin may be localized primarily in the RPE and safe dosage in the rabbit retina may be considered 100 ㎍. According to the above experimental result, it is concluded that the safe dosage of netilmicin into the human vitreous would be considered under 300 ㎍.

Desmoplastic fibroma : 1례 보고 A Case Report

나춘균,조태환,정남진,이한구,이상훈,함의근 최신의학사 1987 最新醫學 Vol.30 No.7