Evaluation of mango saponin in broilers: effects on growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality and plasma biochemical indices

Y.N. Zhang,J. Wang,B. Qi,S.G. Wu,H.R. Chen,H.Y. Luo,D.J. Yin,F.J. Lu,H.J. Zhang,G.H. Qi 아세아·태평양축산학회 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.8

Objective: The objective of the present study was to determine whether mango saponin (MS) could be used as a feed additive in broiler chicks by evaluating growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and plasma biochemical indices. Methods: A total of 216 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broiler chicks were randomly assigned into three dietary treatments supplemented with 0 (control), 0.14% (MS 0.14%), or 0.28% (MS 0.28%) MS. Each treatment had six replicates (cages) with 12 chicks each. The feeding trial lasted for six weeks. Results: Compared with the control, dietary supplemented with 0.14% or 0.28% MS increased average daily weight gain of chicks in the grower (22 to 42 d) and the whole (1 to 42 d) phases, and the final body weight of chicks on d 42 was higher in MS supplemented groups (p<0.05). Lower L45 min* (lightness) and L24 h* values, lower b24 h* (yellowness) value, and higher a45 min* (redness) and a24 h* values of the breast muscle were observed in chicks fed with 0.28% MS on d 42 (p<0.05). The total antioxidant capacity in plasma increased in MS 0.14% group on d 21 (p<0.001). Lower contents of plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride were observed in chicks fed with 0.28% MS on d 21 and d 42, whereas the group supplemented with 0.14% MS only decreased plasma triglyceride content on d 21 (p<0.05). The glucose content in plasma decreased in MS 0.28% group on d 42 (p<0.001). Conclusion: Overall, MS could be used as a feed additive in broiler chicks, and the supplemental level of 0.28% MS in diet could improve growth performance, meat quality, and plasma lipid metabolism in broiler chicks.

A New Chemiluminescence Method for Determination of Cytosine Arabinoside in Pharmaceutical Preparations

Z. Cai,X. Zhang,D. F. Lu,J. N. Gan 대한화학회 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.1

A novel chemiluminescence (CL) system was established for the determination of cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) in pharmaceutical preparations. It was showed that a clear CL signal was observed when Eosin Y mixed with Fenton reagent. The CL intensity was decreased significantly when Ara-C was added to the reaction system and partially scavenged the hydroxyl radicals in the solution. The extent of decrease in the CL intensity had a good stoichiometrical relationship with the Ara-C concentration. Based on this, we developed a new method for the determination of Ara-C using a flow injection analysis (FIA) technique with CL detection. Under the optimal conditions, the linear range of Ara-C concentration was 6.0 × 10−9 ~ 1.0 × 10−7 mol/L (R = 0.9982) with a detection limit of 7.6 × 10−10 mol/L (S/N=3) , the RSD was 5.6% for 6.0 × 10−8 mol/L Ara-C (n = 11). The method was successfully applied to the determination of Ara-C in injection samples. The possible chemiluminescence reaction mechanism was discussed.

Emodin accentuates atrial natriuretic peptide secretion in cardiac atria

Zhou, G.H.,Zhang, F.,Wang, X.N.,Kwon, O.J.,Kang, D.G.,Lee, H.S.,Jin, S.N.,Cho, K.W.,Wen, J.F. North-Holland ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2014 european journal of pharmacology Vol.735 No.-

Emodin, an active anthraquinone constituent isolated from the rhubarb, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine which is widely used in clinical treatment, has cardiovascular protective properties. However, it remains unclear whether the cardiovascular protective actions of emodin are related to an activation of cardiac natriuretic hormone secretion. The purpose of the present study was to explore the effect of emodin on the secretion of ANP, a member of the family of cardiac natriuretic hormones, and its mechanisms involved. Experiments were performed in isolated perfused beating rabbit atria allowing measurement of ANP secretion, atrial pulse pressure, and stroke volume. Emodin increased ANP secretion concomitantly with a decrease in atrial pulse pressure and stroke volume in a concentration-dependent manner. These effects were reversible. Inhibition of K<SUP>+</SUP> channels with tetraethylammonium and glibenclamide attenuated the emodin-induced changes in ANP secretion and atrial dynamics. Furthermore, the emodin-induced changes in ANP secretion and atrial dynamics were attenuated by inhibition of L-type Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> channels with nifedipine. Atropine, methoctramine, tertiapin-Q, and pertussis toxin had no significant effect on the emodin-induced changes in ANP secretion and mechanical dynamics. The present study demonstrates that emodin increases ANP secretion via inhibition of L-type Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> channels through an activation of K<SUP>+</SUP><SUB>ATP</SUB> channel in isolated beating rabbit atria. The results also provide a rationale for the use of emodin in the treatment of impairment of the regulation of the cardiovascular homeostasis.

Growth, Nutrient Utilization and Amino Acid Digestibility of Dairy Calves Fed Milk Replacers Containing Different Amounts of Protein in the Preruminant Period

Li, H.,Diao, Q.Y.,Zhang, N.F.,Fan, Z.Y. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.8

This study was designed to examine the effects of different dietary protein levels on growth performance, nutrient utilization, amino acid (AA) digestibility and serum biochemical parameters of preruminant dairy calves. Fifteen healthy new-born calves were randomly allotted to three experimental groups and fed with different milk replacer that contained 18% (LP), 22% (MP) or 26% (HP) of protein. The results showed that final BW, net gain and ADG were significantly higher in the MP group than in LP and HP groups (p<0.05). In addition, the apparent digestibility of CP in the MP group was significantly higher than in the other two groups (p<0.05). The values of N intake and fecal N excretion were significantly increased following the increase of dietary protein content (p<0.05). However, in all three groups of animals, dietary protein content had no significant effect on urinary N concentration (p>0.05). BUN concentration, on the other hand, decreased as calves grew but increased following the increase of dietary CP content. Furthermore, no significant differences in digestibility of amino acids were observed among these three groups of animals (p>0.05). We concluded that calves fed with milk replacer containing 22% of protein had better growth performance and nutrient utilization as compared to animals treated with milk replacer containing either 18% or 26% of protein.

Responsiveness to reduced dosage of rituximab in Chinese patients with neuromyelitis optica

Yang, C.-S.,Yang, L.,Li, T.,Zhang, D.-Q.,Jin, W.-N.,Li, M.-S.,Su, N.,Zhangning, N.,Liu, Q.,Shao, Z.-H.,Yu, C.,Shi, F.-D. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer) - American Acad 2013 Neurology Vol.81 No.8

Effect of the Ratio of Non-fibrous Carbohydrates to Neutral Detergent Fiber and Protein Structure on Intake, Digestibility, Rumen Fermentation, and Nitrogen Metabolism in Lambs

Ma, T.,Tu, Y.,Zhang, N.F.,Deng, K.D.,Diao, Q.Y. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.10

This study aimed to investigate the effect of the ratio of non-fibrous carbohydrates to neutral detergent fibre (NFC/NDF) and undegraded dietary protein (UDP) on rumen fermentation and nitrogen metabolism in lambs. Four $Dorper{\times}thin-tailed$ Han crossbred lambs, averaging $62.3{\pm}1.9kg$ of body weight and 10 mo of age, were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments of combinations of two levels of NFC/NDF (1.0 and 1.7) and two levels of UDP (35% and 50% of crude protein [CP]). Duodenal nutrient flows were measured with dual markers of Yb and Co, and microbial N (MN) synthesis was estimated using $^{15}N$. High UDP decreased organic matter (OM) intake (p = 0.002) and CP intake (p = 0.005). Ruminal pH (p<0.001), ammonia nitrogen ($NH_3-N$; p = 0.008), and total volatile fatty acids (p<0.001) were affected by dietary NFC/NDF. The ruminal concentration of $NH_3-N$ was also affected by UDP (p<0.001). The duodenal flow of total MN (p = 0.007) was greater for lambs fed the high NFC/NDF diet. The amount of metabolisable N increased with increasing dietary NFC:NDF (p = 0.02) or UDP (p = 0.04). In conclusion, the diets with high NFC/NDF (1.7) and UDP (50% of CP) improved metabolisable N supply to lambs.

A New Chemiluminescence Method for Determination of Cytosine Arabinoside in Pharmaceutical Preparations

Cai, Z.,Zhang, X.,Lu, D.F.,Gan, J.N. Korean Chemical Society 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.1

A novel chemiluminescence (CL) system was established for the determination of cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) in pharmaceutical preparations. It was showed that a clear CL signal was observed when Eosin Y mixed with Fenton reagent. The CL intensity was decreased significantly when Ara-C was added to the reaction system and partially scavenged the hydroxyl radicals in the solution. The extent of decrease in the CL intensity had a good stoichiometrical relationship with the Ara-C concentration. Based on this, we developed a new method for the determination of Ara-C using a flow injection analysis (FIA) technique with CL detection. Under the optimal conditions, the linear range of Ara-C concentration was $6.0{\times}10^{-9}\sim1.0{\times}10^{-7}mol/L$ (R = 0.9982) with a detection limit of $7.6{\times}10^{-10}mol/L$ (S/N=3), the RSD was 5.6% for $6.0{\times}10^{-8}mol/L$ Ara-C (n = 11). The method was successfully applied to the determination of Ara-C in injection samples. The possible chemiluminescence reaction mechanism was discussed.

Experimental investigation on effect of ion cyclotron resonance heating on density fluctuation in SOL at EAST

Y.C. Li,M.H. Li,M. Wang,L. Liu,X.J. Zhang,C.M. Qin,Y.F. Wang,C.B. Wu,L.N. Liu,J.C. Xu,B. J. Ding,X. D. Lin,B. J. Ding,X. D. Lin,J. F. Shan,F. K. Liu,Y. P. Zhao,T. Zhang,X. Gao 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.1

The suppression of high-intensity blob structures in the scrape-off layer (SOL) by ion-cyclotron range offrequencies (ICRF) power, leading to a decrease in the turbulent fluctuation level, is observed first in theExperimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) experiment. This suppression effect from ICRFpower injection is global in the whole SOL at EAST, i.e. blob structures both in the regions that aremagnetically connected to the active ICRF launcher and in the regions that are not connected to theactive ICRF launcher could be suppressed by ICRF power. However, more ICRF power is required to reachthe full blob structure suppression effect in the regions that are magnetically unconnected to the activelauncher than in the regions that are magnetically connected to the active launcher. Studies show that apossible reason for the blob suppression could be the enhanced Er B shear flow in the SOL, which issupported by the shaper radial gradient in the floating potential profiles sensed by the divertor probearrays with increasing ICRF power. The local RF wave power unabsorbed by the core plasma isresponsible for the modification of potential profiles in the SOL regions.

Effect of the Ratio of Non-fibrous Carbohydrates to Neutral Detergent Fiber and Protein Structure on Intake, Digestibility, Rumen Fermentation, and Nitrogen Metabolism in Lambs

T. Ma,Y. Tu,N.F. Zhang,K.D. Deng,Q.Y. Diao 아세아·태평양축산학회 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.10

This study aimed to investigate the effect of the ratio of non-fibrous carbohydrates to neutral detergent fibre (NFC/NDF) and undegraded dietary protein (UDP) on rumen fermentation and nitrogen metabolism in lambs. Four Dorper×thin-tailed Han crossbred lambs, averaging 62.3±1.9 kg of body weight and 10 mo of age, were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments of combinations of two levels of NFC/NDF (1.0 and 1.7) and two levels of UDP (35% and 50% of crude protein [CP]). Duodenal nutrient flows were measured with dual markers of Yb and Co, and microbial N (MN) synthesis was estimated using 15N. High UDP decreased organic matter (OM) intake (p = 0.002) and CP intake (p = 0.005). Ruminal pH (p<0.001), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N; p = 0.008), and total volatile fatty acids (p<0.001) were affected by dietary NFC/NDF. The ruminal concentration of NH3-N was also affected by UDP (p<0.001). The duodenal flow of total MN (p = 0.007) was greater for lambs fed the high NFC/NDF diet. The amount of metabolisable N increased with increasing dietary NFC:NDF (p = 0.02) or UDP (p = 0.04). In conclusion, the diets with high NFC/NDF (1.7) and UDP (50% of CP) improved metabolisable N supply to lambs.

PANCHROMATIC OBSERVATIONS OF THE TEXTBOOK GRB 110205A: CONSTRAINING PHYSICAL MECHANISMS OF PROMPT EMISSION AND AFTERGLOW

Zheng, W.,Shen, R. F.,Sakamoto, T.,Beardmore, A. P.,De Pasquale, M.,Wu, X. F.,Gorosabel, J.,Urata, Y.,Sugita, S.,Zhang, B.,Pozanenko, A.,Nissinen, M.,Sahu, D. K.,Im, M.,Ukwatta, T. N.,Andreev, M.,Klun IOP Publishing 2012 The Astrophysical journal Vol.751 No.2

<P>We present a comprehensive analysis of a bright, long-duration (T-90 similar to 257 s) GRB 110205A at redshift z = 2.22. The optical prompt emission was detected by Swift/UVOT, ROTSE-IIIb, and BOOTES telescopes when the gamma-ray burst (GRB) was still radiating in the gamma-ray band, with optical light curve showing correlation with gamma-ray data. Nearly 200 s of observations were obtained simultaneously from optical, X-ray, to gamma-ray (1 eV to 5 MeV), which makes it one of the exceptional cases to study the broadband spectral energy distribution during the prompt emission phase. In particular, we clearly identify, for the first time, an interesting two-break energy spectrum, roughly consistent with the standard synchrotron emission model in the fast cooling regime. Shortly after prompt emission (similar to 1100 s), a bright (R = 14.0) optical emission hump with very steep rise (alpha similar to 5.5) was observed, which we interpret as the reverse shock (RS) emission. It is the first time that the rising phase of an RS component has been closely observed. The full optical and X-ray afterglow light curves can be interpreted within the standard reverse shock (RS) + forward shock (FS) model. In general, the high-quality prompt and afterglow data allow us to apply the standard fireball model to extract valuable information, including the radiation mechanism (synchrotron), radius of prompt emission (R-GRB similar to 3 x 10(13) cm), initial Lorentz factor of the outflow (Gamma(0) similar to 250), the composition of the ejecta (mildly magnetized), the collimation angle, and the total energy budget.</P>