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Durability and Strength of Geopolymer with Recycled Glass Powder Base for Clay Stabilization
Mohammad Ali Mohammadzadeh,Mohammad Mohsen Toufigh,Vahid Toufigh 대한토목학회 2023 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.27 No.1
Glass powder is one of the solid wastes that is being created at an increasing rate across the globe. Soft clayey soil, on the other hand, generally has to be improved before it can be used in building projects. The durability and strength of clayey soil changed by geopolymer produced with recycled glass powder (RGP) were investigated. The investigation included thawing-freezing (T-F), wet-drying (W-D), and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests. The curing duration, weight % of employed RGP, and activator (M) concentration were all investigated in this study. Experiments were also carried out on specimens that had been treated with 10% Portland cement for comparison. When comparing geopolymer-modified to Portland cement-modified specimens, UCS measurements revealed a fourfold improvement in compressive strength. The number of durability cycles for the specimen treated with geopolymer (10 cycles) was greater in the T-F experiment than for the specimen changed with 10% Portland cement (9 cycles), indicating that geopolymer with RGP base outperforms Portland cement in locations with frequent thawing-freezing. The cement specimens with 12 cycles durability were more durable in contrast to geopolymer specimens with 6 cycles durability in the W-D test. Geopolymer specimens were more durable against T-F than cement specimens in general.
Yazdani, Hessam,Toufigh, Mohammad Mohsen Techno-Press 2012 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.4 No.4
In the companion paper, the nonlinear consolidation of soft clays subjected to cyclic loading was analytically investigated. This paper reports the results of an experimental program conducted to verify some critical assumptions made in the analytical study. It, also, includes a numerical study carried out to examine the capability of the proposed theory to determine the consolidation characteristics of soft clays subjected to cyclic loading. Results show that the permeability of the soft clays does not significantly change during the cyclic loading. It is also shown that, compared to the Terzaghi's solution for a linear clay, the inherit nonlinearity of the clay tends to decrease the degree of consolidation due to the smaller rate of dissipation in the excess pore water pressure.
Nonlinear consolidation of soft clays subjected to cyclic loading - Part I: theory
Yazdani, Hessam,Toufigh, Mohammad Mohsen Techno-Press 2012 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.4 No.4
In this paper, utilizing void ratio-effective stress and void ratio-permeability relationships, a system of two nonlinear partial differential equations is derived to predict the consolidation characteristics of normally consolidated (NC) and overconsolidated (OC) soft clays subjected to cyclic loading. A developed feature of the coefficient of consolidation containing two key parameters is emerged from the differential equations. Effect of these parameters on the consolidation characteristics of soft clays is analytically discussed. It is shown that the ratios between the slopes of e-$log{\sigma}^{\prime}$ and e-log k lines in the NC and OC states play a major role in the consolidation process. In the companion paper, the critical assumptions made in the analytical discussion are experimentally verified and a numerical study is carried out in order to examine the proposed theory.
Recycling and Utilization Assessment of Municipal Solid Waste Materials to Stabilize Aeolian Sand
Amin Amiri,Mohammad Mohsen Toufigh,Vahid Toufigh 대한토목학회 2023 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.27 No.3
Municipal solid waste management is a global concern due to the growth rate of population and urbanization. This paper aims to determine the possibility of utilization of municipal solid wastes such as fired clay brick powder (FCBP), eggshell powder (ESP), and recycled glass powder (RGP) for the stabilization of aeolian sand. Using such green binders can eliminate the perils associated with inappropriate waste disposal. Different combinations of FCBP, ESP, and RGP were added to the soil, and two activators (KOH and NaOH) were used to study the effects on its engineering and chemical properties. The effects of various parameters were investigated based on unconfined compression strength tests (UCS), pH tests, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests. The results revealed that using all of these three precursors leads to the co-existence of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) gel with the geopolymeric gel (N-A-S-H) and provides the highest UCS value. According to the obtained results, NaOH had a better ability to dissolve the precursors' particles than KOH, resulting in better polymerization. The optimum composites found in the research had a 91-day UCS of 5.32 MPa, which are suitable for the base material in pavement construction.