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      • Combined CD137 (4-1BB) and adjuvant therapy generates a developing pool of peptide-specific CD8 memory T cells

        Myers, Lara,Lee, Seung Woo,Rossi, Robert J.,Lefrancois, Leo,Kwon, Byoung S.,Mittler, Robert S.,Croft, Michael,Vella, Anthony T. Oxford University Press 2006 International immunology Vol.18 No.2

        <P>In practice, vaccines should induce lasting and efficacious T cell immunity without promoting deleterious pathological consequences. To accomplish this goal we immunized mice with ovalbumin peptide, polyinosinic–polycytidylic and anti-CD137. Vaccinated mice retained a massive functional CD8 T cell memory pool in lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues for >1 year. The memory T cells clonally expanded, produced substantial amounts of IFNγ, and responded vigorously to vesicular stomatitis virus infection. To understand how the vaccine might function, we showed that the antigen-specific T cells must bear CD137 in order for optimal priming to occur. Thus, anti-CD137 agonist mAb directly stimulated peptide-specific CD8 T cells and conditioned them to survive. In contrast, CD137-deficient CD8 T cells did not survive despite CD137 expression by antigen presenting cells. Taken together, the data indicate that CD137 and adjuvant combined therapy is an efficacious vaccine strategy for immunization with non-replicating inert antigen.</P>

      • KCI등재후보

        Study of the Oral Discomfort and Oral Habits in Halitosis Patient

        Toshiyuki Shimizu,Mie Tashiro,Michael W. Myers,Kohji Takahashi,Shun-Ichi Honda 대한예방치과학회 2012 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.8 No.1

        Objective: Purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between oral discomfort, oral habits and halitosis. Methods: One hundred and forty patients with halitosis (age range, 13 to 65 years; 93 women, 47 men) who had visited Shimizu dental clinic from October 2003 to August 2008 were compared with a control group who did not have complaints about halitosis (n=56). Oral discomfort (such as sensation of dry mouth and discomfort of the tongue), the amount of saliva secretion, and oral habits (such as bruxism) were analyzed statistically between the halitosis and control group. To compare the halitosis patients with the control group, the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test was used for the analysis of the salivary amount, and a chi-Square test was used for the analysis of oral discomfort and oral habits. Results: Frequency of oral discomfort mouth sensation was significantly higher (p<0.0001) in the halitosis patients (63.5%) than in the control group (10.7%). The occurrence of oral habit was significantly higher (p<0.001) in the halitosis patients (63.6%) than in the control group (37.5%). There was a significant difference (p=0.0009) between the halitosis patients (mean: 1.28 ml) and control group (mean: 1.43 ml) in the amount of unstimulated saliva secretion. For the amount of stimulated saliva secretion, there was no significant difference (p=0.2248) between the halitosis patients (mean: 3.40 ml) and control group (mean: 3.76 ml). Conclusion: These results suggest that the presence of oral discomfort and oral habits, such as bruxism, were associated with halitosis.

      • SCISCIESCOPUS

        The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Catalog: Fourteenth data release

        ,ris, Isabelle,Petitjean, Patrick,Aubourg, É,ric,Myers, Adam D.,Streblyanska, Alina,Lyke, Brad W.,Anderson, Scott F.,Armengaud, É,ric,Bautista, Julian,Blanton, Michael R.,Blomqvist, Springer-Verlag 2018 Astronomy and astrophysics Vol.613 No.-

        <P>We present the data release 14 Quasar catalog (DR14Q) from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV). This catalog includes all SDSS-IV/eBOSS objects that were spectroscopically targeted as quasar candidates and that are confirmed as quasars via a new automated procedure combined with a partial visual inspection of spectra, have luminosities <I>M</I>i [<I>z</I> = 2] < −20.5 (in a Λ CDM cosmology with <I>H</I>0 = 70 km s<SUP>−1</SUP> Mpc<SUP>−1</SUP>, Ω M =0.3, and Ω Λ = 0.7), and either display at least one emission line with a full width at half maximum larger than 500 km s<SUP>−1</SUP> or, if not, have interesting/complex absorption features. The catalog also includes previously spectroscopically-confirmed quasars from SDSS-I, II, and III. The catalog contains 526 356 quasars (144 046 are new discoveries since the beginning of SDSS-IV) detected over 9376 deg<SUP>2</SUP> (2044 deg<SUP>2</SUP> having new spectroscopic data available) with robust identification and redshift measured by a combination of principal component eigenspectra. The catalog is estimated to have about 0.5% contamination. Redshifts are provided for the Mg II emission line. The catalog identifies 21 877 broad absorption line quasars and lists their characteristics. For each object, the catalog presents five-band (<I>u</I>, <I>g</I>, <I>r</I>, <I>i</I>, <I>z</I>) CCD-based photometry with typical accuracy of 0.03 mag. The catalog also contains X-ray, ultraviolet, near-infrared, and radio emission properties of the quasars, when available, from other large-area surveys. The calibrated digital spectra, covering the wavelength region 3610-10 140 Å at a spectral resolution in the range 1300 < <I>R</I> < 2500, can be retrieved from the SDSS Science Archiver Server.</P>

      • Validation of the Performance of MRE for the Detection of Advanced Fibrosis due to NASH across Multiple Clinical Trials

        ( Rohit Loomba ),( Naim Alkhouri ),( Mazen Noureddin ),( Jie Zhang ),( Bryan J. Mccolgan ),( C. Stephen Djedjos ),( Robert P. Myers ),( Michael Middleton ),( Zachary Goodman ),( Kris Kowdley ),( Atsus 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1

        Aims: Magnetic resonance elastography(MRE) is a quantitative imaging biomarker for the detection of advanced fibrosis due to NASH. Our aim was to validate the performance of MRE for detection of advanced fibrosis using data from multiple clinical trials. Methods: Baseline data were pooled on 296 subjects with NASH from seven randomized, phase 2 and 3 trials including ATLAS and STELLAR-3/-4 trials. All subjects underwent 2D MRE and liver biopsy with staging of fibrosis according to NASH CRN classification. Associations between MRE-stiffness, fibrosis stage, noninvasive tests (NITs) of fibrosis (ELF, FibroTest, FIB-4, NAFLD Fibrosis Score [NFS]), and NASH activity (NAFLD Activity Score ≥5 vs <5) were determined. The discrimination of MRE for advanced fibrosis (F3-F4 vs F0-F2) and cirrhosis (F4 vs F0- F3) was evaluated using areas under receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curves, and cutoffs from literature-based MRE thresholds (3.64 and 4.67 kPa, respectively) and optimal thresholds(defined by the maximal sum of sensitivity and specificity) were determined. Results: Among 296 subjects, fibrosis stages were F0-1(6%), F2(11%), F3(44%), and F4(40%); median MRE-stiffness was 4.71 kPa(IQR 3.52, 6.35). MRE-stiffness was correlated with fibrosis stage(Spearman ρ=0.60), and other NITs of fibrosis(ρ =0.47-0.52; all P<0.05). The AUROCs(95% CI) of MRE-stiffness for detecting advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis were 0.85(0.80, 0.90) and 0.81(0.76, 0.86), respectively. In general, cutoffs from the literature and optimal cutoffs derived from this dataset had similar performance for classification of fibrosis by 2D MRE. Among subjects with F0-F2 fibrosis on biopsy, those with MRE-stiffness ≥3.64 kPa (potential misclassification) had higher ELF and FibroSure than those with MRE-stiffness <3.64 kPa (both P<0.05). Conversely, among subjects with F3-F4 fibrosis on biopsy, those with MRE-stiffness <3.64 kPa had lower ELF, FibroSure, FIB-4, and NFS compared with those with MRE-stiffness ≥3.64 kPa(all P<0.05). Conclusions: This multi-center, multi-study validation demonstrates the clinical utility of 2D MRE for the detection of advanced fibrosis due to NASH.

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