한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

기능성 Catechol-O-Methyltransferase 유전자 다형성과 한국인 정신분열병의 관련성

박태원,홍영준,박임순,김형섭,최인미,배수영,윤경식,강대희 大韓神經精神醫學會 2001 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.4

연구목적 : Catechol-O-Methyltransferase(COMT)는 카테콜아민 신경전달물질의 불활성화를 담당하는 효소로서, 정신분열병과 관련된 후보 유전자로서 알려져 왔다. 최근, 기능성 COMT유전자 다형성과 정신분열병의 관련성이 제기되었는데, 한국인 정신분열병에서도 이러한 관련성이 있는지를 살피기 위해 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 정신분열병으로 진단된 환자군 103명과 성별 및 연령별로 1:1 짝짓기 대조군 사이에 유전자형과 대립유전자의 분포를 비교하였다. 또한, 환자군은 공격적 행동, 가족력, 아동기 발병 여부에 따라 두 군으로 나누어 비교하였다. DNA의 다형성 부의를 중합효소연쇄반응에 의해 증폭한 후 ,NlaⅢ제한효소법과 전기영동을 실시하여 유전자형을 판별하였다. 결 과 : 환자군 전체와 대조군 사이에 유전자형과 대립유전자 빈도의 차이가 없었다. 가족력이 있는 환자군을 대조군과 비교하였을 때는, 대립유전자 L을 포함하는 유전자형과 그렇지 않은 유전자형의 분포에 있어 유의한 차이를 보였다(p=0.02, OR=3.9, 95% Cl=1.1∼14.3). 결 론 : 한국인 정신분열병과 기능성 COMT 유전자 다형성 사이에 유의한 관련성이 없었다. 따라서, 기능성 COMT 유전자 다형성이 한국인 정신분열병의 발병에 영향을 주지 못한다. 그러나, 정신분열병 가족력과 기능성 COMT유전자 다형성의 관련성이 시시돠어, 향후 본 연구에서 나타난 방법론적인 문제점을 보완하고 추가 대상자를 확보한 연구가 필요하다. Objectives : Catechol-O-methyltransferase(COMT) is involved in the degradation of catecholamine meurotransmitters and has been investigated as a candidate gene in schizophrenia. Recently, possible relationship between functional COMT gene polymorphism and schizophrenia has been suggested. To address the possible role of functional COMT gene polymorphism in the predisposition to schizophrenia, we carried out an association study in Korean schizophrenic patients and controls. Methods : One hundred and three Korean inpatients diagnosed as schizophrenia and 103 age and sex matched controls were selected as study subjects. Patients were subgrouped into two groups on the basis of history of aggressive behavior, family history of schizophrenia and related disorders, and age at onset. We determined COMT genotypes using PCR of the relevant region followed by digestion with NlaⅢ and electrophoresis. Results : No significant differences of allele and genotype frequencies were noted between patients and controls. However, when patients were categorized by the presence of family history of schizophrenia and related disorders, patients with family history showed almost 4 fold higher frequency of having COMT L allele containing genotype compared to controls(p=0.02, OR=3.9, 9.5% CI=1.10-14.33). Conclusion : Although our results do not support an association between functional polymorphism of COMT gene and schizophrenia overall, the findings suggest an association between functional COMT gene polymorphism and familial schizophrenia. Further studies with large samples are needed to confirm this association.

비효소적 핵산 분해 반응 : DNA에 대한 몇가지 Organometallointercalator Some Organometallointercalator for DNA

고동성,박미경,류형원,서일환 충남대학교부설 생명공학연구소 1991 생물공학연구지 Vol.1 No.-

Cu^(2+) -nalidixate 또는 Cu^(2+) -pipemidate 시스템을 H_2O_2 및 아스코르빈산 존재하 방사능-표지된 DNA와 함께 37℃에서 배양시키므로써 산-용해성 분해산물들이 생성되었다. 본성 DNA 대신 변성 DNA를 기질로 쓸 경우 금속-drug 시스템의 DNA 절단활성은 현저하게 감소되었다. 또한 본성 DNA에 대한 절단활성은 DNA에의 전형적 intercalator이며 metalloquinolones의 DNA에의 결합에 대한 경쟁적 방해제가 될 수 있는 ethidium bromide에 의하여 저하되었다. Quinolone 항생제가 금속이온과의 킬레이트 복합체 형성을 통하여 DNA의 두가닥 나사선 염기쌍 사이에의 삽간결합(intercalation)을 할 수 있으며 이와 같은 결합을 이룬 금속복합체는 DNA 가닥에 대한 산화성 절단활성을 가질 수 있음을 시사한다. Incubation of Cu^(2+)-nalidixate or Cu^(2+)-pipemidate system with DNA at 37℃ in the presence of H_2O_2 and ascorbic acid resulted in the production of acid-soluble counts from dadioactively labeled DNA. With denatured DNA as substrate, the cleavage activity of the metalloquinolone systems was far less than with the native DNA. The DNA cleavage activity of metalloquinolones was also decreased by the addition of ethidium bromide, which was known to be a typical intercalator of DNA and was shown to be a competitive inhibitor for the metalloquinolone binding to DNA. The data here suggest the DNA cleavage activity of quinolone antibiotics intercalated into DNA as metal chelate complexes.

전격성 제1형 당뇨병 1예

노동현,김도형,김나래,박종선,이창헌,김미경,최영식 고신대학교의과대학 2007 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.22 No.2

전격성 제1형 당뇨병은 특발성 당뇨병환자에서 임상 경과가 짧고 진단 당시 심각한 대사 합병증을 동반하면서 췌장 효소 수치가 높고 췌도 특이 자가항체가 음성인 새로운 아형으로 알려져 있으며, 일본과 일본 외에서의 유병률에는 차이가 있는 것으로 보인다. 아직 전격성 제1형 당뇨병의 발생 기전은 명확하지 않으며 유전적 감수성이 있는 개체에서 바이러스 감염 등의 환경적인 인자와의 연관성이 가능한 병태생리로 제시되고 있으며 이에 대한 추가적인 연구가 요구된다. 저자들은 케톤산증으로 내원하여 전격성 제1형 당뇨병을 진단받은 증례를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고 하는 바이다. Some patients with idiopathic type 1 diabetes have a fulminant disorder characterized by the absence of insulitis and of diabetes-related antibodies, a remarkably abrupt onset and high serum pancreatic enzyme concentrations. This is referred to as fulminant type 1 diabetes. A 29-year-old man suffering from abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting consulted to our hospital. Laboratory findings revealed high blood glucose level and the evidence of diabetic ketoacidosis, but the serum HbA1c was normal nevertheless. The low level of plasma C-peptide indicated the loss of endogenous insulin secretion. The patient satisfied the criteria for the diagnosis of fulminant type 1 diabetes. After the patient has been treated with insulin, his symptoms were improved and abnormal laboratory data were normalized. We report this case with a review of the literature

새로운 Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors의 합성

최순규,김형민,조승환,최학기,박유미,이용균,정대일,김인식,한정태 동아대학교 부설 기초과학연구소 2004 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.21 No.1

노인성 치매의 일종인 alzheimer's disease의 효과적인 억제제를 합성하기 위해 우리는 분자 모델링에 의한 가장 적합한 물질인 m-[(N,N,N-trimethylammonio)phenyl]boronic acid를 합성하였다. 출발물질인 3-aminophenylboronic acid monohydrate의 경우 boronic acid의 작용기인 hydroxyl group을 protecting시킴으로써 반응의 안정성을 기하였다. Quarternary ammonium salt는 과량의 methyliodide와 염기 촉매인 potassium hydrogen carbonate를 사용하여 용매인 methanol에서 반응시켜 상당히 높은 수율을 얻을 수 있었다. 또한 과량의 methyliodide와 염기촉매인 potassium hydrogen carbonate를 사용하여 용매인 methanol에서 반응시킨 결과 boronic acid의 protection없이도 안정하게 반응이 진행되어짐을 확인할 수 있었다. In order to syntheisize a effective inhibotor for alzheimer's disease, we synthesized m-[(N,N,N-trimethylammonio)phenyl]boronic acid 4 which is designed by molecular modeling form. We protected the hydroxyl group of 3-aminophenylboronic acid monohydrate 1 with ethlyne glycol to remove the reactivity if hydroxyl group. To synthesize m-[(N,N,N-trimethylammonio)phenyl]boronic acid 4, we reacted 3-aminophenylboronic acid monohydrate 1 with ezcess methyl iodide and potassium hydrogen carbonate as a base-catalyst in methanol. but On executed reaction without protection on hydroxyl group, we found out the result that the hydroxyl group of boronic acid group at 3-aminophenylboronic acid monohydrate 1 didn't react with excess methyliodide. Synthesized m-[(N,N,N-trimethylammonio)phenyl]boronic acid 4 is in progress about biological tests as a plausible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.

신규간호사 배치후 교육시 프리셉터쉽 적용 사례연구

김창희,김혜숙,조혜성,이순옥,함형미,박미미 성인간호학회 2000 성인간호학회지 Vol.12 No.4

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of preceptorship on On the Job Training of new nurses. The research design was a retrospective survey and one group pre-rost test design. The subjects were 49 entry nurses and 49 preceptors The data were collected from Feburary 1, 1998 to December 1, 1998. One questionnair applied in this study consisted of general characteristics, the responses of new entry nurses and their preceptors and their qualities. The other questionnair consisted of job satisfaction of new entry nurses and Preceptors and their competencies. The data were analyzed for frequencies, mean score, standard deviation, t-test, and ANOVA. The results of the study were as follows : 1) Preceptees's responses were that the nurses' affiliation of unit. cooperation of other nurses, and competencies of nursing skills improved after OJT applied preceptorship. 2) Preceptors's answers were that preceptorship had a positive effect on their continuing education. 3) While preceptees's job satisfaction scores were high in interaction, administration, and organization, they were low in autonomy and pay. 4) Pre-competency scores were the same as post-competency scores. 5) After preceptorship, preceptors responded that their nursing skill & communication competency increased, but their nursing administration competency decreased. 6) Finally, preceptorship's other effects were as follows: ① Checklists for preceptee education at the nursing unit were developed separately. ② It was proved that 'preceptor interview note' was effective on manage preceptorship. ③ We obtained duty orierlap periods, medical-surgical units-1 month. 5 ICU-2 months. operaction room-3 months ④ We prepared a preceptor program based on the study results.

Pathogen- and NaC1-Induced Expression of the SCaM-4 Promoter Is Mediated in Part by a GT-1 Box That Interacts with a GT-1-Like Transcription Factor

Park, Hyeong-Cheol,Kim, Man-Lyang,Kang, Yun-Hwan,Jeon, Joo-Mi,Yoo, Jae-Hyuk,Kim, Min-Chul,Park, Chan-Young,Jeong, Jae-Cheol,Moon, Byeong-Cheol,Lee, Ju-Huck,Yoon, Hae-Won,Lee, Sung-Ho,Chung, Woo-Sik,Li Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research 2004 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.2004 No.-

The Ca^(2+)-binding protein calmodulin mediates cellular Ca^(2+) signals in response to a wide array of stimuli in higher eukaryotes. Plants express numerous CaM isoforms. Transcription of one soybean (Glycine max) CaM isoform, SCaM-4, is dramatically induced within 30 min of pathogen or NaCl stresses. To characterize the cis-acting element(s) of this gene, we isolated an approximately 2-kb promoter sequence of the gene. Deletion analysis of the promoter revealed that a 130-bp region located between nucleotide positions -858 and -728 is required for the stressors to induce expression of SCaM-4. A hexameric DNA sequence within this region, GAAAAA (GT-1 cis-element), was identified as a core cis-acting element for the induction of the SCaM-4 gene. The GT-1 cis-element interacts with an Arabidopsis GT-1-like transcription factor, AtGT-3b, in vitro and in a yeast selection system. Transcription of AtGT-3b is also rapidly induced within 30 min after pathogen and NaCl treatment. These results suggest that an interaction between? GT-1 cis-element and a GT-1-like transcription factor plays a role in pathogen- and salt-induced SCaM-4 gene expression in both soybean and Arabidopsis.

<i>Physalis peruviana</i> L. inhibits ovalbumin-induced airway inflammation by attenuating the activation of NF-κB and inflammatory molecules

Park, Hyun Ah,Kwon, Ok-Kyoung,Ryu, Hyung Won,Min, Jae-Hong,Park, Min-Woo,Park, Mi-Hyeong,Paik, Jin-Hyub,Choi, Sangho,Paryanto, Imam,Yuniato, Prasetyawan,Oh, Sei-Ryang,Ahn, Kyung-Seop,Lee, Jae-Won D.A. Spandidos 2019 International journal of molecular medicine Vol.43 No.4

<P><I>Physalis peruviana</I> L. (PP) is well known for its various properties, including its antioxidant property. In our previous study, the protective effects of PP against cigarette smoke-induced airway inflammation were confirmed. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of PP against ovalbumin (OVA)-induced airway inflammation. Treatment with PP inhibited the numbers of eosinophils and the levels of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 and IL-13, in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of animal models with OVA-induced allergic asthma. PP also significantly decreased the production of total immunoglobulin E in the serum. Lung sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin revealed that the influx of inflammatory cells was decreased in the lungs of mice treated with PP compared with cells in the OVA group. The increased expression levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and T cell marker KEN-5 were also reduced following PP treatment in the lung tissues compared with those in the OVA group. The PAS staining results showed that PP attenuated the overproduction of mucus in the lung. Additionally, western blot analysis revealed that PP significantly downregulated the activation of nuclear factor-κB/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and upregulated the expression of heme oxgenase-1 in the lungs. In an <I>in vitro</I> experiment, PP effectively reduced the levels of LPS-stimulated MCP-1 in a concentration-dependent manner. Taken together, these results indicate that PP has considerable potential in the treatment of allergic asthma.</P>

Pathogenesis-related Gene Expression by Specific Calmodulin Isoforms Is Dependent on NIM1, a Key Regulator of Systemic Acquired Resistance

Park, Chan-Young,Heo, Won-Do,Yoo, Jae-Hyuk,Lee, Ju-Huck,Kim, Min-Chul,Chun, Hyun-Jin,Moon, Byeong-Cheol,Kim, Ihn-Hyeong,Park, Hyeong-Cheol,Choi, Man-Soo,Ok, Hyun-Mi,Cheong, Mi-Sun,Lee, Sang-Min,Kim, H Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research 2004 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.2004 No.-

Plants produce numerous calmodulin isoforms that exhibit differential gene expression patterns and sense different Ca^(2+)signals. This diversity results in different physiological responses to particular stimuli. GmCaM-4 and -5 are two divergent calmodulin isoforms from the soybean (Glycine max) that have been reported to be involved in plant disease resistance. However, little is known about the pathway by which these specific isoforms transduce the defense signal and up-regulate pathogenesis-related (PR) genes. Here we report that overexpression of GmCaM-4/-5 induces constitutive PR gene expression and enhances disease resistance in wild-type Arabidopsis, but not in the nim1 mutant of Arabidopsis. GmCaM-4/-5 also appear to activate trans-acting elements that bind to cis-acting elements in the Arabidopsis PR-1 promoter. Thus up-regulation of PR genes by these GmCaM isoforms is dependent on NIM1 (Non immunity 1) and unknown transcription factors.

The acute effects of hydrocortisone on cardiac electrocardiography, action potentials, intracellular calcium, and contraction: The role of protein kinase C

Park, Mi-Hyeong,Park, Seo-In,Kim, Jong-Hui,Yu, Jing,Lee, Eun Hye,Seo, Su Ryeon,Jo, Su-Hyun North-Holland 2019 Molecular and cellular endocrinology Vol.494 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Hydrocortisone exerts adverse effects on various organs, including the heart. This study investigated the still unclear effects of hydrocortisone on electrophysiological and biochemical aspects of cardiac excitation–contraction coupling. In guinea pigs’ hearts, hydrocortisone administration reduced the QT interval of ECG and the action potential duration (APD). In guinea pig ventricular myocytes, hydrocortisone reduced contraction and Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> transient amplitudes. These reductions and the effects on APD were prevented by pretreatment with the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor staurosporine. In an overexpression system of <I>Xenopus</I> oocytes, hydrocortisone increased hERG K<SUP>+</SUP> currents and reduced Kv1.5 K<SUP>+</SUP> currents; these effects were negated by pretreatment with staurosporine. Western blot analysis revealed dose- and time-dependent changes in PKCα/βII, PKCε, and PKCγ phosphorylation by hydrocortisone in guinea pig ventricular myocytes. Therefore, hydrocortisone can acutely affect cardiac excitation–contraction coupling, including ion channel activity, APD, ECG, Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> transients, and contraction, possibly via biochemical changes in PKC.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Hydrocortisone decreased QT interval and action potential duration in cardiomyocytes. </LI> <LI> Hydrocortisone reduced amplitude of contraction and Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> transient in cardiomyocytes. </LI> <LI> Hydrocortisone increased hERG K<SUP>+</SUP> current and decreased Kv1.5 K<SUP>+</SUP> current. </LI> <LI> PKC inhibitor prevented the effects of hydrocortisone on cardiac electrophysiology. </LI> <LI> Hydrocortisone activated PKCα/βII and PKCε in cardiomyocytes. </LI> </UL> </P>