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Cavity Propagation Caused by Surface Discharge in Silicone Gel
Shin Nakamura,Masahiro Sato,Akiko Kumada,Kunihiko Hidaka,Sho Takano,Yuji Hayase,Keisuke Yamashiro,Tetsumi Takano 대한전기학회 2021 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.10
Silicone gel is widely used to encapsulate power modules. The weakness of the insulation system is surface discharges propagating along with the interface between the silicone gel and substrate, which causes electrical degradation called a cavity. To realize more reliable power modules, there are high demands to clarify what mechanism the cavity propagates and what affects final cavity propagation length. This paper introduces our studies about the cavity phenomenon.
Design Exploration of High-Lift Airfoil Using Kriging Model and Data Mining Technique
Kanazaki, Masahiro,Yamamoto, Kazuomi,Tanaka, Kentaro,Jeong, Shin-Kyu The Korean Society for Aeronautical and Space Scie 2007 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.8 No.2
A multi-objective design exploration for a three-element airfoil consisted of a slat, a main wing, and a flap was carried out. The lift curve improvement is important to design high-lift system, thus design has to be performed with considered multi-angle. The objective functions considered here are to maximize the lift coefficient at landing and near stall conditions simultaneously. Kriging surrogate model which was constructed based on several sample designs is introduced. The solution space was explored based on the maximization of Expected Improvement (EI) value corresponding to objective functions on the Krigingmodels. The improvement of the model and the exploration of the optimum can be advanced at the same time by maximizing EI value. In this study, a total of 90 sample points are evaluated using the Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes simulation(RANS) for the construction of the Kriging model. In order to obtain the information of the design space, two data mining techniques are applied to design result. One is functional Analysis of Variance(ANOVA) which can show quantitative information and the other is Self-Organizing Map(SOM) which can show qualitative information.
Current Sensing Methods for Standby Power Control of Digital-Controlled DC/DC Converter
Yen-Shin Lai,Zih-Jie Su,Chia-An Yeh,Fumikazu Takahashi,Masahiro Hamaogi 전력전자학회 2011 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2011 No.5
The main theme of this paper is to study the current sensing methods for standby power reduction control of digital-controlled DC/DC converter. These methods include using transformer of full-bridge converter, coupling inductor and ORing MOSFET. The most suitable sensing method was verified with a digital-controlled 500W class DC/DC converter (input/output voltage: 400V/12V). Experimental results derived from digital-controlled DC/DC converter using the TI DSP (TMS320F2812) as the control platform show that current sensed by voltage across ORing MOSFET method provides superb solution. This method offers linear relationship between output voltage of sensing circuit and load current while not causing response delay under standby conditions and thereby truly reflecting accurate standby conditions.
Tomoharu Inoue,Shin Nagai,Shota Inoue,Masahiro Ozaki,Shohei Sakai,Hiroyuki Muraoka,Hiroshi Koizumi 한국산림과학회 2012 Forest Science And Technology Vol.8 No.2
We investigated the relationships between soil respiration and environmental factors during foliation and defoliation periods in three ecosystems under the same physical–geographical environmental conditions in central Japan. These ecosystems comprised deciduous broad-leaved forest (Quercus crispula dominated, site Q), deciduous needle-leaved forest (Larix kaempferi dominated, site L), and grassland (Zoysia japonica dominated, site Z). Field measurements of soil respiration were made using a closed chamber method with an infrared gas analyzer at monthly intervals in the snow-free seasons from May 2010 to November 2011. Soil respiration began to increase in May, peaked rapidly in summer (July to September), and decreased in November. The seasonal patterns of soil respiration and soil temperature were nearly parallel among the three sites, with one exception, which may have been caused by the decrease in soil water content during summer months (July to September). Although Q_10 values based on the entire measurement period in 2010 were roughly the same as those in 2011 at the three sites, there was a large difference in Q_10 between the foliation and defoliation periods in both years, especially at the two forest sites. These differences among the three sites may be caused by differences in soil temperature dynamics and precipitation activity. To better understand the relationship between soil respiration and environmental factors, continuous observations are needed of soil respiration, environmental factors, and biological activities both below ground and above ground under the same physical–geographical environmental conditions.
Hirotaka Hasegawa,Masahiro Shin,Jun Kawagishi,Hidefumi Jokura,Toshinori Hasegawa,Takenori Kato,Mariko Kawashima,Yuki Shinya,Hiroyuki Kenai,Takuya Kawabe,Manabu Sato,Toru Serizawa,Osamu Nagano,Kyoko Ao 대한뇌졸중학회 2022 Journal of stroke Vol.24 No.2
Background and Purpose To assess the long-term outcomes of intracranial dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) treated with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) alone or embolization and SRS (Emb- SRS) and to develop a grading system for predicting DAVF obliteration. Methods This multi-institutional retrospective study included 200 patients with DAVF treated with SRS or Emb-SRS. We investigated the long-term obliteration rate and obliteration-associated factors. We developed a new grading system to estimate the obliteration rate. Additionally, we compared the outcomes of SRS and Emb-SRS by using propensity score matching. Results The 3- and 4-year obliteration rates were 66.3% and 78.8%, respectively. The post-SRS hemorrhage rate was 2%. In the matched cohort, the SRS and Emb-SRS groups did not differ in the rates of obliteration (P=0.54) or post-SRS hemorrhage (P=0.50). In multivariable analysis, DAVF location and cortical venous reflux (CVR) were independently associated with obliteration. The new grading system assigned 2, 1, and 0 points to DAVFs in the anterior skull base or middle fossa, DAVFs with CVR or DAVFs in the superior sagittal sinus or tentorium, and DAVFs without these factors, respectively. Using the total points, patients were stratified into the highest (0 points), intermediate (1 point), or lowest (≥2 points) obliteration rate groups that exhibited 4-year obliteration rates of 94.4%, 71.3%, and 60.4%, respectively (P<0.01). Conclusions SRS-based therapy achieved DAVF obliteration in more than three-quarters of the patients at 4 years of age. Our grading system can stratify the obliteration rate and may guide physicians in treatment selection.
Grain size distribution and chemistry of the brackish Lake sediment in Korea
I Chan Shin,Tetsuji Akatsuka,Hisayuki Azumi,Lan Ao,Nozomi Amahashi,Maki Oyagi,Noriko Ishida,Naoshige Goto,Masahiro Maruo,Akihiko Yagi,Yashshi Seike,Seung Hyun Lee,Sung Ae Yoon,Jun Kil Choi,Young Woong 대한환경공학회 2021 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.26 No.5
To determine the grain size distribution and chemical characteristics of bottom surface sediments in shallow brackish lagoons, we studied sediment samples collected from the entire horizontal lake area and in vertical profiles from three stations in Lakes Youngrang and Hwajinpo, on the eastern coast of Korea. Vertical and horizontal grain size distributions of the bottom sediments indicated predominantly sand- and silt in both lakes. The vertical distribution of C/N ratios ranged from 6.14 to 11.92 in Lake Youngrang, and 6.74 to 12.34 in Lake Hwajinpo. The horizontal distribution of C/N ratios in Lake Youngrang ranged from 6.1 to 17.6, whereas they ranged from 4.4 to 12.1 in Lake Hwajinpo. C/N ratios showed locally different responses to the origin of allochthonous (partial region) and autochthonous (entire region) organic materials. Horizontally, bottom sediment with low δ<SUP>13</SUP>C and high δ<SUP>15</SUP>N in Lake Youngrang were likely to be influenced by autochthonous organic material derived from primary production, and would be affected by N inputs from sources. In contrast, high δ<SUP>13</SUP>C and low δ<SUP>15</SUP>N sediments in Lake Hwajinpo were likely to be influenced by cyanobacteria.
Ishikawa, Taro,Kaneko, Masahiro,Shin, Hee-Sup,Takahashi, Tomoyuki Wiley (The Physiological Society) 2005 The Journal of physiology Vol.568 No.1
<P>At the nerve terminal, both N- and P/Q-type Ca2+ channels mediate synaptic transmission, with their relative contribution varying between synapses and with postnatal age. To clarify functional significance of different presynaptic Ca2+ channel subtypes, we recorded N-type and P/Q-type Ca2+ currents directly from calyces of Held nerve terminals in alpha1A-subunit-deficient mice and wild-type (WT) mice, respectively. The most prominent feature of P/Q-type Ca2+ currents was activity-dependent facilitation, which was absent for N-type Ca2+ currents. EPSCs mediated by P/Q-type Ca2+ currents showed less depression during high-frequency stimulation compared with those mediated by N-type Ca2+ currents. In addition, the maximal inhibition by the GABAB receptor agonist baclofen was greater for EPSCs mediated by N-type channels than for those mediated by P/Q-type channels. These results suggest that the developmental switch of presynaptic Ca2+ channels from N- to P/Q-type may serve to increase synaptic efficacy at high frequencies of activity, securing high-fidelity synaptic transmission.</P>