Voyage to a Relative North: The Crossing of Intangible Barriers in Merzak Allouache`s Harragas

( Martino Lovato ) 부산외국어대학교 지중해연구소 2016 The Mediterranean Review Vol.9 No.1

In this article I study Merzak Allouache’s Harragas (2009), a film devoted to the current crisis of migration from the South to the North of the Mediterranean. By focusing on the intangible barriers that the characters in this film have to cross in their trip from Algeria to Spain, I illustrate how the director employs a report-like realism to provide a lucid and even openly critical portrait of post-civil war Algeria. I analyze the director’s references to the laws regulating migration approved by the Algerian parliament in 2008 and 2009, comparing them with the European legal frameworks regulating the movement of people across its borders, in order to reconstruct the terms of what I call the coalition, among Mediterranean countries, against the contemporary “wretched of the earth”.

Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy in Latin America: Policies towards Sustainable Development

Gilberto De Martino Jannuzzi 한국외국어대학교 국제지역연구센터 2017 국제지역연구 Vol.21 No.2

Latin America possesses great natural resources and many opportunities are emerging for new investments and innovation, since many countries are planning to modify the structure of their energy networks in order to give a greater role to renewables. High electricity prices in most of the region, growing demand, problems of energy security have been the main drivers for the recent expansion of the renewable energy market. Socio-economic issues are priority targets in LA countries, social inequality and poverty are still major challenges in the region. On the other hand, technological developments have permitted innovative approaches, including private participation, the creation of social enterprises and business models to provide for electricity services to low income populations and small business. In spite of the recent progress regarding the widespread dissemination of the ‘new renewable’ and energy efficient technologies, the reduction of CO2 emissions, in major LA countries have not been significant along the past decade. We suggest in this paper an area which deserves attention so that these technologies can play a relevant role towards the sustainable development of the region.

Zinc supplementation of lactating dairy cows: effects on chemical-nutritional quality and volatile profile of Caciocavallo cheese

Ianni, Andrea,Martino, Camillo,Innosa, Denise,Bennato, Francesca,Grotta, Lisa,Martino, Giuseppe Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.5

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of dietary zinc supplementation of Friesian cows on chemical-nutritional and aromatic properties of Caciocavallo cheese after 7 days (C₇) and 120 days (C₁₂₀) of ripening. Methods: Twenty eight Friesian cows, balanced for parity, milk production and days in milk, were randomly assigned to 2 groups. The control group (CG) was fed with a conventional complete diet, while the experimental group (zinc group, ZG) received a daily zinc supplementation of 60 mg for kg of dry complete feed. During the experimental period, the milk yield was monitored and samples of milk and caciocavallo cheese were collected and analyzed for chemical-nutritional composition and aromatic profile. Results: The enrichment of dairy cows diet with zinc, did not influence milk yield and composition, however a marked reduction of somatic cell count was evidenced. Both in milk and cheese the ZG samples were characterized by a lower concentration of satured fatty acids and an increase in oleic, vaccenic and rumenic acids. The aromatic profile of dairy products was also positively affected by dietary zinc intake, with an increase in concentration of carboxylic acids, esters and lactones. Conclusion: The present results suggest a positive role of dietary zinc intake in improving the quality of bovine milk and related cheese, in particular for the increase in concentration of bioactive fatty acids such as rumenic acid. The changes evidenced in cheese through the analysis of the volatile profile, would be consistent with the development of interesting organoleptic properties, although further evaluations should be performed to confirm the consumer acceptability of these changes.

Qualitative attributes of meat from Teramana goat kids, an Italian native breed of the Abruzzo region

Ianni Andrea,Bennato Francesca,Martino Camillo,Di Luca Alessio,Martino Giuseppe 아세아·태평양축산학회 2022 Animal Bioscience Vol.35 No.7

Objective: The aim of this work was the characterization of the qualitative aspects of meat obtained from Teramana goats, an Italian indigenous breed of the Abruzzo region. Specifically, the study included a comparison with meat samples deriving from Saanen goat kids reared in the same environment and applying the same feeding protocol. Methods: Upon reaching about 7 months of age the animals were slaughtered and samples of muscle tissue were collected to be analyzed. Specifically, meat samples were subjected to evaluations of the physical parameters, including color and the meat ability to retain water, in addition to chemical evaluations that were focused to the determination of the total lipids amount, fatty acids composition, lipid oxidation, and volatile profile. Results: The meat samples obtained from the indigenous breed showed a less intense reddish color and no significant variations for the muscle tissue tendency to retain water, both regard­ ing fresh and cooked meat. Several differences were instead observed in the fatty acid profile. The Teramana samples were richer in saturated fatty acids (p<0.01) and interestingly showed higher concentrations of rumenic acid (p<0.05), a conjugate of linoleic acid that has been associated with important health benefits for the consumers. Another important finding for these meat samples was the marked resistance to oxidative events, as evidenced by the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances­test (p<0.05) and by the characterization of the volatile profile that highlighted a strong reduction in the relative percentage of hexanal (p<0.05), commonly associated to lipid oxidation and the development of unpleasant aromatic notes. Conclusion: The collected data, therefore appeared useful for the valorization of the food product derived from the Teramana goat, although no se as been collected to define the degree of acceptability by the consumers. Objective: The aim of this work was the characterization of the qualitative aspects of meat obtained from Teramana goats, an Italian indigenous breed of the Abruzzo region. Specifically, the study included a comparison with meat samples deriving from Saanen goat kids reared in the same environment and applying the same feeding protocol.Methods: Upon reaching about 7 months of age the animals were slaughtered and samples of muscle tissue were collected to be analyzed. Specifically, meat samples were subjected to evaluations of the physical parameters, including color and the meat ability to retain water, in addition to chemical evaluations that were focused to the determination of the total lipids amount, fatty acids composition, lipid oxidation, and volatile profile.Results: The meat samples obtained from the indigenous breed showed a less intense reddish color and no significant variations for the muscle tissue tendency to retain water, both regarding fresh and cooked meat. Several differences were instead observed in the fatty acid profile. The Teramana samples were richer in saturated fatty acids (p<0.01) and interestingly showed higher concentrations of rumenic acid (p<0.05), a conjugate of linoleic acid that has been associated with important health benefits for the consumers. Another important finding for these meat samples was the marked resistance to oxidative events, as evidenced by the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances-test (p<0.05) and by the characterization of the volatile profile that highlighted a strong reduction in the relative percentage of hexanal (p<0.05), commonly associated to lipid oxidation and the development of unpleasant aromatic notes.Conclusion: The collected data, therefore appeared useful for the valorization of the food product derived from the Teramana goat, although no sensory information has been collected to define the degree of acceptability by the consumers.

Impact of different shades of light-emitting diode on fecal microbiota and gut health in broiler chickens

Ianni, Andrea,Bennato, Francesca,Di Gianvittorio, Veronica,Di Domenico, Marco,Martino, Camillo,Colapietro, Martina,Camma, Cesare,Martino, Giuseppe Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2022 Animal Bioscience Vol.35 No.12

Objective: The aim of this study was to characterize the fecal microbiota of broiler chickens reared in the presence of different shades of light-emitting diode (LED) lights, correlating this information with biochemical and molecular evidence that allowed drawing conclusions on the state of health of the animals. Methods: Overall, the metagenomic approach on fecal samples was associated with evaluations on enzymes involved in the cellular response to oxidative stress: glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase and catalase; while the inflammatory aspect was studied through the dosage of a proinflammatory cytokine, the interleukin 6 (IL-6), and the evaluation of the matrix metalloproteinases 2 (MMP-2) and 9 (MMP-9). Specifically, analysis was performed on distinct groups of chickens respectively raised in the presence of neutral (K = 3,300 to 3,700), cool (K = 5,500 to 6,000), and warm (K = 3,000 to 2,500) LED lightings, and a direct comparison was performed with animals reared with traditional neon lights. Results: The metagenomic analysis highlighted the presence of two most abundant bacterial phyla, the Firmicutes and the Bacteroidetes, with the latter characterized by a greater relative abundance (p<0.05) in the group of animals reared with Neutral LED light. The analysis on the enzymes involved in the antioxidant response showed an effect of the LED light, regardless of the applied shade, of reducing the expression of GPX (p<0.01), although this parameter is not correlated to an effective reduction in the tissue amount of the enzyme. Regarding the inflammatory state, no differences associated with IL-6 and MMP-9 were found; however, is noteworthy the significant reduction of MMP-2 activity in tissue samples obtained from animals subjected to illumination with neutral LED light. Conclusion: This evidence, combined with the metagenomic findings, supports a potential positive effect of neutral LED lighting on animal welfare, although these considerations must be reflected in more targeted biochemical evaluations.

Chemical-nutritional parameters and volatile profile of eggs and cakes made with eggs from ISA Warren laying hens fed with a dietary supplementation of extruded linseed

Ianni Andrea,Palazzo Fiorentina,Grotta Lisa,Innosa Denise,Martino Camillo,Bennato Francesca,Martino Giuseppe 아세아·태평양축산학회 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.7

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the chemical-nutritional parameters, oxidative stability and volatile profile of eggs and cakes made with eggs from laying hens fed with a dietary supplementation of extruded linseed. Methods: Two thousand ISA Warren laying hens were randomly divided into two groups: a control group was fed with a standard diet while the experimental group received the same diet supplemented with 7% of extruded linseed. The trial lasted 84 days, in which three samplings of laid eggs were performed. Samples of eggs and food systems arising from eggs were then analyzed in order to obtain information about β-carotene and total flavonoid content, antioxidant activity, fatty acid profile, lipid oxidation, and volatile profile. Results: Linseed induced the increase of α-linolenic acid with consequent reduction of the ω-6/ω-3 ratio (4.3:1 in egg yolk); in addition to this, was evidenced the cholesterol reduction and the significant increase in total flavonoids and β-carotene, although no variations were detected in antioxidant capacity. Even in cooked products there was not only a direct effect of linseed in increasing α-linolenic acid, but also in inducing the reduction of cholesterol and its major oxidation product, 7-ketocholesterol. The dietary linseed integration was also shown to affect the volatile profile of baked products. Conclusion: Data confirmed that dietary supplementation with extruded linseed resulted in food products with interesting implications for human health. With regard to the volatile profile of baked products it would be necessary undertake further sensorial analysis in order to evaluate any variations on flavor and consumer acceptability.

광교신도시 에콘힐의 경관과 경관조명에 관한 소고 -현대건축의 키워드인 Topography와 경관조명의 관계 모색-

김춘식,( Martino Kim ) 한국녹지환경디자인학회 2008 학술발표회 Vol.2008 No.-

COMPARISON OF CENTRALIZED AND MULTI-LAYER ARCHITECTURES FOR NONLINEAR MODEL PREDICTIVE TORQUE-VECTORING AND TRACTION CONTROL

Rini Gabriele,De Bernardis Martino,Bottiglione Francesco,Hartavi Ahu Ece,Sorniotti Aldo 한국자동차공학회 2023 International journal of automotive technology Vol.24 No.4

A significant body of literature discusses direct yaw moment controllers for vehicle stability control and torque-vectoring (TV), based on model predictive control. However, the available references lack an analysis of the effect of including or excluding the wheel dynamics in the prediction model in combined longitudinal and lateral acceleration conditions, which is related to the control system architecture. In fact, in the first case, the controller can also fulfill the wheel slip control function, according to a centralized architecture, while in the second case, the tire slip limitation has to be implemented externally, in a multi-layer approach. This study addresses the identified gap by proposing and comparing – through simulations with a high-fidelity vehicle model – centralized and multilayer real-time implementable architectures using nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) for the TV and traction control (TC) of an electric vehicle with front in-wheel motors. An optimization routine calibrates the main controller parameters, to ensure fairness in the comparison during extreme accelerating-while-cornering maneuvers with transient steering inputs. The results show that the real-time implementable multi-layer architecture with wheel dynamics in the NMPC prediction model, and considering the externally generated TC torque reduction in the TV layer, provides equivalent performance to a centralized set-up.

Characteristics and electrochemical performances of nickel@nano‐silicon/carbon nanofibers composites as anode materials for lithium secondary batteries

최진영,Ruye Cong,Martino Angelica,전지윤,이호춘,박재희,박현호,이창섭 대한화학회 2023 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.44 No.10

Si is a next‐generation ideal anode material for Li‐ion batteries (LIBs) because of its high‐theoretical capacity (4200 mAh/g) and natural abundance. However, severe volume expansion and unstable solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film formation during lithiation/delithiation, and poor electron conductivity have significantly restricted the commercial application of Si. In this study, transition metal‐coated Si was synthesized and used as the anode material of LIBs. The transition metal salt of Ni was dissolved in an aqueous solution and used to coat the metal surface of Si nanoparticles. The coating was achieved by dropwise addition of metal solutions into Si dispersions. Thereafter, carbon nanofibers (CNFs) were grown on the transition metal‐coated Si nanoparticles via chemical vapor deposition method. The morphologies, compositions, and crystal quality of transition metal@Si/CNFs composites were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, x‐ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The electrochemical characteristics of the hybrid anodes were investigated using a coin cell and battery tester. Voltage profile measurements at 0.1 A/g of 0.02 M‐Ni@Si/CNFs composite showed satisfactory initial Coulombic efficiency of 85.6%; 0.01 M‐Ni@Si/CNFs composite exhibited high initial capacity of 1300.9 mAh/g retained to 828.4 mAh/g after 100 cycles, corresponding to 63.7% capacity retention. Even at high current densities, the 0.02 M‐Ni@Si/CNFs composite delivered 342.78 mAh/g of capacity at 5 A/g. This work realizes a Si‐based hybrid anode from Ni‐coated Si catalyst used for direct CNFs synthesis with a stable SEI layer, superior initial Coulombic efficiency with satisfactory cycle and rate performance suitable for commercialized advanced battery applications.

Feeding influences the oxidative stability of poultry meat treated with ozone

Andrea Ianni,Lisa Grotta,Giuseppe Martino 아세아·태평양축산학회 2019 Animal Bioscience Vol.32 No.6

Objective: Ozone is considered a strong antimicrobial agent with numerous potential applications in the food industry. However, its high oxidizing potential can induce alterations in foods by acting on the unsaturated fatty acids. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ozonation on the oxidative stability of chicken breast meat obtained from animals subjected to different feeding strategies. Methods: Samples were obtained from commercial hybrid chickens (ROSS 508), some of which were nourished with a feed enriched with fats of animal origin, while the lipid source was vegetal for the remaining birds. Samples of meat belonging to both groups were treated with ozone and then analysis was performed to evaluate alterations in physical properties, lipid content, fatty acid profile, and oxidation stability. Results: Ozone induced a significant reduction in drip loss in meat samples obtained from animals nourished with vegetable fats; this nutritional strategy also produced meats leaner and richer in polyunsaturated fatty acids. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, useful for the assessment of lipid oxidation, were higher in samples obtained from animals fed with vegetable fats with respect to diet based on the addition of animal fats. Conclusion: The ozone treatment improved the physical parameters of meat samples obtained from animals fed with vegetable fats, however the same samples showed a higher lipid oxidation compared to what observed in the case of the dietary intake of animal fats, probably as a consequence of the marked increase in polyunsaturated fatty acids which are more susceptible to peroxidation.