Flower cultivation regimes aff ect apocarotenoid accumulation and gene expression during the development of saff ron stigma

Gui-Fen Zhou,Li-Qin Li,Jiemiao Lu,Jing Li,Chong Yao,Peng Sun,Kaohua Liu,Yan Dong,Luping Qin,Xiao-Dong Qian 한국원예학회 2020 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.61 No.3

The quality of commercial saff ron largely depends on apocarotenoid levels. Whether they are aff ected by diff erent fl owercultivation regimes remains unknown. In present study, apocarotenoid levels and the expression profi les of 12 genes relatedto apocarotenoid biosynthesis between fi eld- and indoor-cultivated Crocus sativus L. were analyzed during stigma development. Under both cultivation regimes, apocarotenoid accumulation and gene expression showed similar profi les, fi rstsharply increasing and then gradually decreasing with stigma development, which suggested the coordinated function ofgene expression and apocarotenoid accumulation. However, the rate of increase/decrease varied widely between two blossomregimes at diff erent developmental stages. Based on correlation analysis, βCH1 and ZDS seemed to play a more crucial rolein apocarotenoid accumulation under both cultivation regimes. At anthesis, the total apocarotenoid level in saff ron cultivatedin the fi eld was higher than that cultivated indoors. This may be due to lower gene expression levels in the apocarotenoidpathway, especially βCH1 , ZDS , and CCD2 , and higher CCD4a and NCED expression in the competitive pathway in saff roncultivated indoors than that in the fi eld, which indicated higher conversion in apocarotenoid biosynthesis fl ux from crocinsand picrocrocin synthesis to β-ionone and the ABA biosynthetic branch in saff ron cultivated indoors. These results providevaluable information for modifying planting mode to enhance saff ron quality.

Effect of Degumming Methods on the Degradation Behavior of Silk Fibroin Biomaterials

Luping Wang,Zuwei Luo,Qiang Zhang,Yupin Guan,Junyi Cai,Renchuan You,Xiufang Li 한국섬유공학회 2019 Fibers and polymers Vol.20 No.1

Degradation behavior is a key consideration in the field of silk fibroin (SF) biomaterials. Degumming to remove sericin is a prerequisite for SF purification; however, the impact of degumming on the degradation behavior of SF biomaterials has not been established. In this study, two different degumming systems, Na2CO3 and NaHCO3, were used. Na2CO3 exhibited higher degumming efficiency but caused greater degradation of the fibroin. The results demonstrated that NaHCO3 degumming could afford regenerated SF with higher molecular weight, resulting in SF films with higher mechanical strengths. The enzymatic degradation behaviors indicated that the SF films prepared by the Na2CO3 degumming process showed faster degradation, revealing that the choice of degumming method has a substantial impact on the biodegradation of SF-based materials. The results showed that manipulating the degumming conditions can be used to tune the molecular weight of the SF, in turn providing control over the degradation rate of SF biomaterials.

Impact of NR1I2, adenosine triphosphateebinding cassette transporters genetic polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics of ginsenoside compound K in healthy Chinese volunteers

Luping Zhou,Lulu Chen,Yaqin Wang,Jie Huang,Guo Ping Yang,Zhi-Rong Tang,Yicheng Wang,Jianwei Liao,Gan Zhou,Kai-hua Wei,Zhenyu Li,Dongsheng Ouyang 고려인삼학회 2019 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.43 No.3

Background: Ginsenoside compound K (CK) is a promising drug candidate for rheumatoid arthritis. Thisstudy examined the impact of polymorphisms in NR1I2, adenosine triphosphateebinding cassette (ABC)transporter genes on the pharmacokinetics of CK in healthy Chinese individuals. Methods: Forty-two targeted variants in seven genes were genotyped in 54 participants using SequenomMassARRAY system to investigate their association with major pharmacokinetic parameters of CK and itsmetabolite 20(S)-protopanaxadiol (PPD). Subsequently, molecular docking was simulated using theAutoDock Vina program. Results: ABCC4 rs1751034 TT and rs1189437 TT were associated with increased exposure of CK anddecreased exposure of 20(S)-PPD, whereas CFTR rs4148688 heterozygous carriers had the lowestmaximum concentration (Cmax) of CK. The area under the curve from zero to the time of the lastquantifiable concentration (AUClast) of CK was decreased in NR1I2 rs1464602 and rs2472682 homozygouscarriers, while Cmax was significantly reduced only in rs2472682. ABCC4 rs1151471 and CFTR rs2283054influenced the pharmacokinetics of 20(S)-PPD. In addition, several variations in ABCC2, ABCC4, CFTR, andNR1I2 had minor effects on the pharmacokinetics of CK. Quality of the best homology model of multidrugresistance protein 4 (MRP4) was assessed, and the ligand interaction plot showed the mode of interactionof CK with different MRP4 residues. Conlusion: ABCC4 rs1751034 and rs1189437 affected the pharmacokinetics of both CK and 20(S)-PPD. NR1I2 rs1464602 and rs2472682 were only associated with the pharmacokinetics of CK. Thus, thesehereditary variances could partly explain the interindividual differences in the pharmacokinetics of CK.

Novel extraction technologies and potential applications of egg yolk proteins

Luping Gu,Yufang Liu,Wanqiu Zhang,Junhua Li,Cuihua Chang,Yujie Su,Yanjun Yang 한국식품과학회 2023 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.32 No.2

The high nutritional value and diverse functional properties of egg yolk proteins have led to its widespread use in the fields of food, medicine, and cosmetics. Various extraction methods have been reported to obtain the proteins from egg yolk, however, their utilization is limited due to the relatively low extraction efficiency and/or toxic solvents involved. Several simpler and greener technologies, especially physical fields (ultrasound), have been successfully developed to improve the extraction efficiency. The egg yolk proteins may exert multiple biological activities, enabling them to be a promising tool in improve human health and wellbeing, such as anti-obesity, anti-atherosclerosis, anti-osteoporosis, diagnosis and therapy for SARS-CoV-2 infections. This article summarizes the novel extraction technologies and latest applications of the egg yolk proteins in the recent 5 years, which should stimulate their utilization as health-promoting functional ingredients in foods and other commercial products.

Impact of NR1I2, adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporters genetic polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics of ginsenoside compound K in healthy Chinese volunteers

Zhou, Luping,Chen, Lulu,Wang, Yaqin,Huang, Jie,Yang, Guoping,Tan, Zhirong,Wang, Yicheng,Liao, Jianwei,Zhou, Gan,Hu, Kai,Li, Zhenyu,Ouyang, Dongsheng The Korean Society of Ginseng 2019 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.43 No.3

Background: Ginsenoside compound K (CK) is a promising drug candidate for rheumatoid arthritis. This study examined the impact of polymorphisms in NR1I2, adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette (ABC) transporter genes on the pharmacokinetics of CK in healthy Chinese individuals. Methods: Forty-two targeted variants in seven genes were genotyped in 54 participants using Sequenom MassARRAY system to investigate their association with major pharmacokinetic parameters of CK and its metabolite 20(S)-protopanaxadiol (PPD). Subsequently, molecular docking was simulated using the AutoDock Vina program. Results: ABCC4 rs1751034 TT and rs1189437 TT were associated with increased exposure of CK and decreased exposure of 20(S)-PPD, whereas CFTR rs4148688 heterozygous carriers had the lowest maximum concentration ($C_{max}$) of CK. The area under the curve from zero to the time of the last quantifiable concentration ($AUC_{last}$) of CK was decreased in NR1I2 rs1464602 and rs2472682 homozygous carriers, while $C_{max}$ was significantly reduced only in rs2472682. ABCC4 rs1151471 and CFTR rs2283054 influenced the pharmacokinetics of 20(S)-PPD. In addition, several variations in ABCC2, ABCC4, CFTR, and NR1I2 had minor effects on the pharmacokinetics of CK. Quality of the best homology model of multidrug resistance protein 4 (MRP4) was assessed, and the ligand interaction plot showed the mode of interaction of CK with different MRP4 residues. Conlusion: ABCC4 rs1751034 and rs1189437 affected the pharmacokinetics of both CK and 20(S)-PPD. NR1I2 rs1464602 and rs2472682 were only associated with the pharmacokinetics of CK. Thus, these hereditary variances could partly explain the interindividual differences in the pharmacokinetics of CK.

RETURN CONTROL OF ELECTRONIC POWER STEERING UNEQUIPPED WITH AN ANGLE SEN

Shaosong Li,Luping Guo,Gaojian Cui,Zhixin Yu,Xiaohui Lu,Guodong Wang 한국자동차공학회 2019 International journal of automotive technology Vol.20 No.2

A steering wheel may not be able to return to the center position due to friction torque in its mechanism. Thus, in this study, a return controller is developed to improve the returnability of an electric power steering vehicle without an angle sensor. The aligning moment is well estimated on the basis of a Kalman filter estimator. A trigger rule is also proposed to switch between assist and return controls. Finally, the compensation current for the return control is regulated in accordance with the aligning moment and vehicle speeds. Simulation and real vehicle results show that the proposed control system can significantly improve the returnability of the steering system.

Prognostic value of metabolic tumor volume and total lesion glycolysis from 18F-FDG PET/CT in lymph node metastases and risk stratification of endometrial carcinoma

Dou-dou Liu,Jian-fang Li,Xiaomao Li,Liangjun Xie,Luping Qin,Fangyu Peng,Mu-hua Cheng 대한부인종양학회 2019 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.30 No.6

Objective: To investigate the prognostic value of metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and totallesion glycolysis (TLG), measured by preoperative 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emissiontomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT), in risk stratification of patients withendometrial carcinoma (EC). Methods: The patients with pathological diagnosis of EC who underwent preoperative18F-FDG PET/CT imaging were retrospectively selected for analysis of the prognostic valuesof PET parameters in risk classification and lymph node metastases (LNMs). Receiveroperating-characteristic analysis was used to analyze the correlation of PET parameters cutoffvalues with deep myometrial invasion (MI), lymphovascular space involvement and LNM forprognostic values in risk stratification. Results: The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value andaccuracy for detection of LNM are 83.3%, 99.7%, 90.9%, 99.5% and 99.2%, respectively. TheMTV and TLG of primary lesion of EC in the patients with LNM are notably higher than thosein patients without LNM, p<0.010. The MTV and TLG of the EC primary lesions in high-riskpatients are significantly higher than those in low-risk patients (p<0.010), but the maximumstandardized uptake value (SUVmax) is not. The MTV and TLG of primary lesions weresuperior to SUVmax for predicting of deep MI, LNM and high-risk of EC (p<0.005). Conclusion: MTV and TLG of primary lesions are more valuable in predicting riskstratification of EC patients. Preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging is useful in predictingthe LNM of EC and may help guide pelvic lymphadenectomy to avoid unnecessary pelviclymphadenectomy in EC patients with low-risk stratification.

A fault characteristics extraction method for rolling bearing with variable rotational speed using adaptive time-varying comb filtering and order tracking

Xiangmin Chen,Guoqiang Shu,Kang Zhang,Meng Duan,Luping Li 대한기계학회 2022 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.36 No.3

The fault characteristics of rolling bearing with variable rotational speed are usually related to shafting speed and vary with time. Moreover, the rolling bearing fault characteristics are easily submerged by the noises. To address these issues, an adaptive time-varying comb filtering (ATVCF) method that combines the merits of comb filter and adaptive timevarying filtering (ATVF) is proposed and applied to extract the fault-related component from the envelope signal of rolling bearing. And on this basis, via the joint application of ATVCF and order tracking (OT), a fault characteristics extraction methodology for rolling bearing with variable rotational speed, namely ATVCF-OT, is developed. In the ATVCF-OT, the ATVCF method can adaptively extract time-varying harmonic components containing rolling bearing fault information from the rolling bearing fault vibration signal, and the OT analysis can effectively stabilize the time-varying rolling bearing fault features. Therefore, the ATVCF-OT methodology is particularly suitable for fault feature extraction of rolling bearing with variable rotational speed. Simulation and experimental results indicate that the ATVCF-OT method can effectively remove the fault-unrelated components and highlight the fault features of rolling bearing. The comparisons with the direct envelope order method and the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD)-based envelope order method demonstrate the advantages of the proposed ATVCF-OT method.