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全泰俊,柳在德,李英浩 대한성형외과학회 1976 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.3 No.2
More than 20 centries of thought, ingenuity and skill have been brought to bear on the defects known as cleft lip. The earliest known records of surgical attempts to correct this congenital defects date back to the beginning of the Cristian era. But the surgical repair of cleft lip is one of the most challenging procedures forced by the plastic surgeons and also one of the most fascinating. In 1952, Tennison presented his method for cleft lip repair using a Z-incision and the result was so outstanding that the tennison method has been modified by Marks (1953) and Randall(1959) to improve. This method of repair is now being populized for all single or double primary clefts. Due to economic and social circumstances in Korea, the facial clefts are sometimes left untreated or severely deformed due to unfavorable surgery till 1963 when the triangular flap method was introduced by lew. This paper will discuss the growtn of normal clefted and/or repaired lips by superficial topographycal measurement of the vertical and horizontal length of the lips. Total of 240 cleft lip patients studied, composed with 80 of complete, 80 of incomplete cleft lips, 40 of straight line closure lips, and 40 of triangular flap closure lips. Total of 40 cases of normal lips various age group were studied for comparison. The results can be summarized as follows: 1. The average vertical length of upper lip of normal infants is 9.2mm in male and 8.8mm in female, and of adutls, 15.6mm in male and 15.1mm in female. The average horizontal length of the lip in infants is 27.6mm in male and 26.5mm in female, and in adults 46.8mm in male and 44.9mm in female. 2. There is no difference in the vertical Lengths between Non-cleft side of the cleft lips and the normal lips. 3. The vertical length of repaired cleft lip by the straight line closure is much short and restricted in growth leaving noticeable cleft lip appearance by post operative sequelae. 4. The over all result of repaired cleft lips by modified Triangular flap method is most acceptable on account of growth, function, and appearance of the lips.
The End of History and the Novelistic Haiku in Don DeLillo’s Point Omega
Seunggu Lew(Seunggu Lew) 한국아메리카학회 2023 美國學論集 Vol.55 No.1
This essay attempts to investigate the idea of haiku presented in Don DeLillo’s Point Omega. In the novella, a defense intellectual named Richard Elster proposes a theory of the end of history and suggests a peculiar vision of “haiku war” that he believes may help to retake the future in the face of post-9/11 global challenges exemplified in the Iraq War. Elster’s conceptualization of the omega point of history and haiku war evokes Alexander Kojève’s interpretation of Hegel and, particularly, his theory of post-historical art form inspired from his trip to Japan. Point Omega is a novelistic haiku, through which DeLillo interrogates and discloses the desire to escape from history and moral responsibility beneath Elster’s grand theories of history and war. In his ekphrasis of Douglas Gordon’s 24 Hour Psycho, a video installation of Alfred Hitchcock’s Psycho, DeLillo points to the possibility that his quaint poetics of literary asceticism and ahistorical spirituality could steer us toward what is truly real and, paradoxically, historical. DeLillo’s novelistic haiku examines the inherent complicity between art and politics in order to imagine the future of art relevant to historical realities.
Lew, Seok-Choon,Kim, Tae-Eun 연세대학교 동서문제연구원 2001 Global economic review Vol.30 No.4
Small farms, which have maintained flexibility throughout history, have long existed in China and the so-called "family household system as a cooperative organization" comprehensively playing a diverse socio-economic function has developed. In addition, trust derived from a unique environment based on a village structure where a few families dwell not to mention "everyone knows each other well" has also become institutionalized. In this setting, a complex and multi-dimensional property rights could have developed. Moreover, the Confucian order, historically institutionalized in China, has differentiated the respective roles of the public from the private and the center from the local through a network intertwined by relationships (guanxi-based network), allowing them to be relatively autonomous from each other (embedded autonomy). This institutional tradition of the Chinese society has re-emerged with the coming of the reform age. The reform reintroduced the revival of the traditional family household, as a cooperative unit for the insiders and, at the same time, as a competitive unit against the outsiders; and its renewed close relationship with the local governments have given birth to the township-village enterprises. Based on reforms of this nature, which have occurred from the bottom and approved by the center state ex post, China was able to experience the implementation a new form of transition to capitalism, i.e., rural industrialization. In this process, China's guanxi-based township-village enterprises were able to secure the fitness to react to market competition despite their collective ownership nature.