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김대웅(Kim, Dae-woong),이상옥(Lee, Sang-ok) 한국어문학회 2016 語文學 Vol.0 No.133
This essay purposes to explain the consciousness on time in Lee Sang’s poems, focusing specifically on his poem, Strange Reversible Reaction. The argument will start from the obvious fact that the poet"s literature was based on the discovery of the material condition, called, the colony Gyeongsung. Through this discussion, what caused rejection and distrust for the time, which appear repeatedly in his literary texts, will be explained. Once, the modernist Lee Sang was dreaming of the perfect world of modernity. But the modern world he experienced was nothing but a cruel civilization with no vitality. As a result, he gave the death sentence to the world and tried to build up a new civilization. His literary texts will answer to the question, “Did the straight line kill the circle?”
Kim, Hee Kyung,Kim, Sun Young,Lee, Su Jin,Kang, Mihyeon,Kim, Seung Tae,Jang, Jiryeon,Rath, Oliver,Schueler, Julia,Lee, Dong Woo,Park, Woong Yang,Kim, Sung Joo,Park, Se Hoon,Lee, Jeeyun Neoplasia Press 2016 Translational oncology Vol.9 No.3
<P><I>BACKGROUND:</I> Although pazopanib treatment has become the standard chemotherapy in salvage setting for metastatic sarcoma patients, most patients progress after pazopanib treatment in 4 to 6 months. After failure to pazopanib, patients have limited options for treatment. Therefore, subsequent therapy in patients who failed to pazopanib is urgently needed and the use of patient derived cells or patient derived tumors for accompanying testing with various pharmacological inhibitors could offer additional treatment options for these patients. <I>METHODS:</I> Patient derived tumor cells were collected from ascites at the time of progression to pazopanib and a 13-drug panel was tested for drug sensitivity. We confirmed the results using <I>in vitro</I> cell viability assay and immunoblot assay. We also performed the genomic profiling of PDX model. <I>RESULTS:</I> The growth of patient derived tumor cells was significantly reduced by exposure to 1.0 μM AZD2014 compared with control (control versus AZD2014, mean growth = 100.0% vs 16.04%, difference = 83.96%, 95% CI = 70.01% to 97.92%, <I>P</I> = .0435). Similarly, 1.0 μM BEZ235 profoundly inhibited tumor cell growth <I>in vitro</I> when compared to control (control versus BEZ235, mean growth = 100.0% vs 7.308%, difference = 92.69%, 95% CI = 78.87% to 106.5%, <I>P</I> < .0001). Despite the presence of CDK4 amplification in the patient-derived tumor cells, LEE011 did not considerably inhibit cell proliferation when compared with control (control vs LEE011, mean growth = 100.0% vs 80.23%, difference = 19.77%, 95% CI = 1.828% to 37.72%, <I>P</I> = .0377). The immunoblot analysis showed that BEZ235 treatment decreased pAKT, pmTOR and pERK whereas AZD2014 decreased only pmTOR. <I>CONCLUSION:</I> Taken together, upregulation of mTOR/AKT pathway in sarcoma patient derived cells was considerably inhibited by the treatment of AZD2014 and BEZ235 with downregulation of AKT pathway (greater extent for BEZ235). These molecules may be considered as treatment option in STS patient who have failed to pazopanib in the context of clinical trials.</P>
( Hee Yeon Kim ),( Jong Young Choi ),( Dong Goo Kim ),( Myoung Soo Kim ),( Soon Il Kim ),( Shin Hwang ),( Sung Gyu Lee ),( Kwang Woong Lee ),( Kyung Suk Suh ),( Young Seok Han ),( Dong Lak Choi ),( Se 대한간학회 2012 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2012 No.-
Background: The outcome of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection after liver transplantation (LT) was improved by hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) and nucles(t)ide analogue (NUA). However, HBV recurrence after LT is critical because the recurrence is occasionally accompanied by a progressive destruction of graft and poor survival. The aims of this study were to investigate the significance HBV recurrence and identity factors associated with HBV recurrence. Methods: From October 1999 to February 2011, a total of 2684 consecutive LT recipients who underwent HBV-associated LT were retrospectively enrolled from 7 transplantation centers in Korea. Results: Prophylaxis regimens were HBIG monotherapy (67.7%) or a combination of HBIG with NUA (22.3%). The recurrence rate of HBV was 6.1% (164 recipients) during mean follow-up duration of 10.9 years. The median time from transplantation to recurrence was 2.1 years (0.1-7.9 years). Of the 1,071 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prior to LT, 155 patients (14.5%) had HCC recurrence after transplantation, and 48 patients (31.0%) had HBV recurrence. Of the 48 patients with recurrence of both HBV and HCC, 25 patients (52.1%) experienced HBV recurrence after HCC recurrence. In the multivariate analysis, pretransplant HCC, pretransplant HBV DNA above 5.5 log copies/mL was independent clinical factors influencing HBV recurrence after LT. The mortality rate among the recipients with HBV recurrence was 34.1% (56 recipients). Mean overall survival was 6.4 years in the HBV-recurrence group and 9.9 years in the HBV-nonrecurrence group (p<0.001). HBV recurrence was not an independent prognostic factor for overall survival. HCC recurrence was the most important factor for overall survival. Conclusions: The overall outcome of LT in HBV-related liver disease was excellent with the current prophylaxis regimen Choon Hyuck David Kwon,8 Suk-Koo Lee8 Pretransplant HBV DNA and HCC were important factors for HBV recurrence. HBV recurrence after LT did not significantly influence on the overall survival without combining of HCC recurrence.
( Woong Cheul Lee ),( Jae Young Jang ),( Jin Nyoung Kim ),( Soung Won Jeong ),( Eui Ju Park ),( Byoung Moo Lee ),( Yun Nah Lee ),( Sae Hwan Lee ),( Sang Gyune Kim ),( Sang Woo Cha ),( Young Seok Kim ) 대한간학회 2013 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2013 No.1
Background: In resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), patient selection depends on morphological features and liver function. In patients with HCC, we performed a clinico- pathological analysis of risk factors that affected survival after liver resection. Methods: Sixty seven patients with liver resection for HCC were enrolled and data were collected retrospectively. Variables were age, gender, etiology, preoperative alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels, Child-Pugh and MELD scores, modified UICC stage, portal vein tumor invasion, and histological differentiation. Results: Sixty seven patients were evaluated and 6 patients were excluded (Three patients with combined hepatocellularcholangiocarcinoma, two patients because of early postoperative death without HCC recurrence and one patient accidental death without HCC recurrence). The mean age of the patients was 57.4±10.5 years. The mean follow-up time was 51.2±34.8 months. The cumulative 1-, 3-, 5-, and 7-year survival rates were 91.3%, 64.5%, 45.0%, and 45.0%, respectively. The 1-, 3-, 5-, and 7-year disease-free survival rates were 80.4%, 50.5%, 12.9%, and 12.9%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that modified UICC stage (P=0.005), portal vein tumor invasion (P=0.024) and poor histological differentiation (P=0.012) were independent factors for survival and tumor recurrence. Conclusions: Although morphological stage and liver function are important factors of liver resection, for proper patient selection in liver resection for HCC, prognostic criteria related to tumor histology (especially histological differentiation) should be considered. Poor histological differentiation is indicators of poor prognosis after liver resection for HCC.
Spectal Characteristics of Dry-Vegetation Cover Types Observed by Hyperspectral Data
Lee Kyu-Sung,Kim Sun-Hwa,Ma Jeong-Rim,Kook Min-Jung,Shin Jung-Il,Eo Yang-Dam,Lee Yong-Woong The Korean Society of Remote Sensing 2006 大韓遠隔探査學會誌 Vol.22 No.3
Because of the phenological variation of vegetation growth in temperate region, it is often difficult to accurately assess the surface conditions of agricultural croplands, grasslands, and disturbed forests by multi-spectral remote sensor data. In particular, the spectral similarity between soil and dry vegetation has been a primary problem to correctly appraise the surface conditions during the non-growing seasons in temperature region. This study analyzes the spectral characteristics of the mixture of dry vegetation and soil. The reflectance spectra were obtained from laboratory spectroradiometer measurement (GER-2600) and from EO-1 Hyperion image data. The reflectance spectra of several samples having different level of dry vegetation fractions show similar pattern from both lab measurement and hyperspectral image. Red-edge near 700nm and shortwave IR near 2,200nm are more sensitive to the fraction of dry vegetation. The use of hyperspectral data would allow us for better separation between bare soils and other surfaces covered by dry vegetation during the leaf-off season.
Lee, Jin Yong,Shin, Kyounghee,Seo, Hyemin,Jun, Hwiseok,Hirai, Alex Naoto Shishido,Lee, Jin Won,Nam, Yoon Sung,Kim, Jin Woong Elsevier 2018 Journal of industrial and engineering chemistry Vol.58 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This study reports a robust and straightforward approach to fabricate polymer microcapsules with a silica reinforced polyelectrolyte thin shell layer. We showed that the layer-by-layer deposition of silica nanoparticles with polyelectrolytes remarkably reinforced the shell layer, which was experimentally demonstrated by focused ion beam analysis. Moreover, we demonstrated that the molecular degradation of a model antioxidant encapsulated in our capsule system was effectively hindered during long-term storage. This indicates that the presence of the silica nanoparticles-reinforced polyelectrolyte shell layer displayed enhanced cargo retention against leakage of the antioxidant as well as oxygen attack from the surroundings.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Polymer microcapsules with a silica reinforced polyelectrolyte shell were produced. </LI> <LI> The LbL deposition of silica nanoparticles remarkably reinforced the shell layer. </LI> <LI> A model antioxidant was effectively stabilized during long-term storage. </LI> <LI> Our capsules enhanced cargo retention against antioxidant leakage and oxygen attack. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>