차아염소산나트륨 처리와 멸균법이 근관 치료용 파일의 부식에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

양원경,라윤식,이영규,손호현,김미리 大韓齒科保存學會 2005 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.30 No.2

근관 치료시 많이 사용되고 있는 K-flex S-S 파일 (Maillefer, USA)과 Profile Ni-Ti 파일 (Maillefer, USA), K-3 Ni-Ti파일 (SybronEndo, USA)의 부식 정도를 보기 위하여 총 360개의 20번 file을 1) 멸균소독 방법 (고압가열멸균소독, E-O gas 소독) ,2) 근관세척 액 (5.25% 차아염소산나트륨, 생리식염수) ,3) 멸균소독 횟수 (1, 5, 10회 ) 에 따라 36개 실험군으로 나누었다. 각각의 파일을 각 군별로 처리한 뒤, 세 명의 검사자가 광학 현미경 하에서 25배의 배율로 검사하여 0; 부식 없음, 1; 경도의 부식, 2; 중등도의 부식, 3; 심한 부식으로 점수화 하였다. 심한 부식을 보이는 파일의 표면은 SEM으로 관찰하였고 Kruskal-Wallis test (p < 0.05)를 이용하여 통계 분석 처리하여 차아염소산나트륨 접촉 여부와 멸균소독 방법의 차이에 의한 부식 정도를 평가하였다. 그 결과 고압가열멸균소독을 10회 시행한 파일은 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보여 부식 정도가 심하였고, 1회나 5회 고압가열멸균소독을 시행한 파일과 E-O 가스로 소독한 파일들은 부식의 정도가 경미하여 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 차아염소산나트륨 접촉 여부와 제조사 혹은 파일 재료에 따른 유의성 있는 차이는 없었다 A variety files made of stainless steel (S-S) or nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) are used during endodontic treatment. The purpose of tt)is study was to evaluate the corrosion susceptibility of S-S and Ni-Ti endodontic files. Three brands of files were used for this study: K-flex S-S files (Maillefer, USA), Profile Ni-Ti files (Maillefer, USA), K-3 Ni-Ti files (SybronEndo. USA). 120 files of each brands (21mm, ISO size #20) were divided into 12 groups according to 1) sterilization methods using Autoclave or Ethylene Oxide (E-O) gas, 2) Irrigation solutions using 5.25% NaOCl or Saline, 3) the number of sterilization (1, 5, 10 times), After above procedures, each of the files was inspected by three examiners with a light microscope and camera at X25. Each file was judged and ranked according to the following criteria: 0;, no corrosion, 1; mild corrosion, 2; moderate corrosion, and 3; severe corrosion. The files of high score were examined under the Scanning Electron Microscope. Data were statistically analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test (p < 0.05). Most of the ten time-autoclaved files had showed mild to moderate corrosion. But, one or five time-autoclaved files did not show corrosive surface. NaOCl treatment and E-O gas sterilization did not influence on corrosion. There was a significant difference in corrosion susceptibility between sterilization methods and the number of autoclaving. However, there was no significant difference between brands and file materials.

한의진단명과 진단요건의 표준화 연구 II (표준화 실례) : 2차년도 연구결과 중간 보고

양기상,최선미,최승훈,안규석,박경모,박종현,김성우,신승호,정우열,전병훈,고현,김정범,신상우,김성훈,김동희,권영규,엄현섭,장혜옥 한국한의학연구원 1996 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.2 No.1

The diagnostic requirements were suggested and explained regarding the systems of differentiation of symptoms and signs in the second year study of standardization and unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine. The systems were as follows; - differential diagnosis according to condition of body fluid, differentiation of syndromes according to the state of qi and blood, differential diagnosis according to relative excessiveness or deficiency of yin and yang(氣血陰陽津液辨證) - differentiation of diseases according to pathological changes of the viscera and their interrelation - analyzing and differentiating of febrile diseases in accordance with the theory of the six channels(傷寒辨證) The individual diagnosis pattern was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name(異名), notion of diagnosis pattern, index of differentiation of symptoms and signs(辨證指標), the main point of diagnosis, analysis of diagnosis pattern(證候分析), discrimination of diagnosis pattern(證候鑑別), a way of curing a diseases(治法), prescription(處方), herb in common use(常用藥物), diseases appearing the diagnosis pattern(常見疾病), documents(文獻調査). This study was carried out on the basis of the Chinese documents and references.

간호학과 학생들의 노인에 대한 지식 및 태도

양경미,오현이,김진선,백영주 조선대학교 부설 의학연구소 2002 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.27 No.1

Objectives: The purposes of this study were to investigate nursing students' knowledge and attitudes toward the elderly, to examine the correlation between knowledge and attitudes, and to identify predictors of nursing students' attitudes toward the elderly. Method: Study participants were 195 nursing students who enrolled in a university located in Gwangju. Data were collected using structured questionnaires. Results: The average FAQ Ⅰ score for nursing students in this study was 50.2%. The level of nursing students' knowledge was relatively low compared to knowledge of Western nursing students in previous studies. Moreover, the average scores of psychological dimension and family/sociological dimension were lower than those of physical/physiological dimension. Negative biases were prevalent when the biased scores were computed. Nursing students also reported a little preference for working with older patients after graduation. Although the average attitude score was in a neutral range, the number of items in a negative attitude score range were more than those in a positive attitude score range. Contrary to expectation, the correlation between knowledge and attitude was not statistically significant. Nursing students who have clinical experiences with the elderly reported higher scores on FAQ Ⅰ than their counterparts. A current relationship with elderly living in their household was a significant predictor of nursing students' attitudes toward the elderly. Conclusion: Results from this study suggest that nursing education should be directed to increase the nursing students' knowledge and positive attitudes toward the elderly. Exposure to well elderly as clients before they are hospitalized or institutionalized may be helpful to increase nursing students' positive attitudes toward the elderly.

비타민 A 섭취가 에탄올을 급여한 흰쥐의 지질함량과 항산화 영양소 상태에 미치는 영향

양경미,서정숙 경산대학교 생명자원개발연구소 2002 생명자원과 산업 Vol.6 No.-

본 연구는 에탄올의 공급과 함께 비타민 A 활성물질을 식이 중에 보충하여 흰쥐에게 공급한 후 체내 지질 함량과 항산화영양소의 변화를 관찰하고자 시도되었다. 각 실험군은 에탄올을 rq여하고 동시에 비타민 A를 결핍시킨 실험군(FE), 에탄올과 함께 β-carotene 급여군(BE), 에탄올과 retinyl acetate 급여군(RE), 13-cis-retinoic acid 급여군(RAE) 그리고 에탄올 대신에 동일한 열량을 설탕으로 공급시킨 각각의 pair-fed 군(FP, BP, RP, RAP)으로 구분하여 각각 8마리씩 임의배치하여 7주간 액체식이 형태로 사육하였다. 혈장 내 총 지질 함량은 비타민 결핍군에서 가장 높았으며 에탄올 급여군 중 pair-fed 군에 비해서는 RAE군 만이 유의적인 증가를 보였다. 중성지질 함량은 RAE와 RAP군에서 가장 높았으며 에탄올 급여군 중 pair-fed 군에 비해 RE군만이 유의적인 증가를 보였고 인지질은 에탄올과 비타민 A 급여에 의한 영향은 없었다. 총 콜레스테롤 함량은 에탄올 급여군 중 pair-fed 군에 비해 RE군 만이 유의적인 증가를 보였다. HDL-콜레스테롤은 에탄올 급여나 비타민 A의 섭취형태에 의한 차이가 크게 나타나지 않았으며, HDL-콜레스테롤/총 콜레스테롤은 에탄올 급여군 중 BE군 만이 pair-fed 군에 비해 유의적으로 낮았다. 이와같이 혈장과 비타민 A 결핍에 의해서 가장 많은 영향을 받았으며, 이 영향은 비타민 A의 보충에 의해서도 조절될 수 없었다. 혈장내 α-tocopherol 함량은 에탄올 급여로 감소되었으나 간 조직내에서는 β-carotene 섭취군만이 낮은 함량을 보였다. 그러나 간 조직내 tocopheryl acetate 함량은 pair-fed 군에 비해서 에탄올 급여로 현저히 저하되었다. 혈장과 간 조직내에서 에탄올 급여에 의한 비타민 E 함량 감소는 tetinyl acetate 공급으로 그 감소 정도가 가장 저하되었다. 혈장내 총 비타민 C 함량은 에탄올 급여와 동시에 β-carotene이나 retinyl acetate 섭취군이 pair-fed 군에 비해 낮았으며 환원형과 산화형 비타민 C 함량비는 에탄올 급여로 낮았으나 β-carotene을 섭취시킨 군만이 높게 나타났다. 간 조직내 총 비타민 C 함량은 13-cis-retinoic acid 섭취군을 제외한 전군에서 에탄올 급여로 증가되었으며 환원형과 산화형 비타민 C비는 에탄올 급여군 중 β-carotene을 섭취시켰을 때 가장 높았다. 이러한 결과들로 보아 에탄올은 체내 항산화 영양소 상태의 변화를 초래하며 비타민 A의 공급여부 뿐만 아니라 형태별 섭취에 의해서 항산화 영양소 상태가 변화될 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 생체내 항산화 영양소들은 서로 상쇄, 상승 혹은 길항작용을 통해서 상호영향을 미치므로 각각의 항산화 영양소 상태 변화에 대한 정확한 기전규명을 위해서는 다각적인 연구가 요구된다고 볼 수 있다. 그러나 지질과산화물의 함량과 체내 항산화 영양소 상태는 상호관련성이 있었으며 본 실험에서 에탄올 공급에 의한 항산화 영양소 함량의 감소는 대체로 비타민 A를 retinyl acetate 형태로 섭취시켰을 때 다소 경감되는 것으로 나타났다. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary vitamin A on the status of lipid content and antioxidants in ethanol-treated rats. Weaning rats were fed a basal diet until they reached about 160-180g body weight. Thereafter, four experimental groups were fed a liquid diet containing 36% ethanol of tatal calorie and four pair-fed groups were fed isocaloric sucrose instead of ethanol. Additionally, the liquid diet contained adequate amount of β-carotene, retinyl acetate, or 13-cis-retinoic acid except vitamin A deficient diet. The rats were sacrificed after 7 weeks of feeding periods. Plasma contents of total lipid triglyceride were increased in vitamin A-deficient and 13-cis-retinoic acid groups. Plasma concentration of total cholesterol in retinyl acetate group was higher than that of pair-fed controls. HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol was increased in β-carotene group. The hepatic levels of total lipid and triglyceride in β-carotene. The hepatic levels of total lipid and triglyceride in β-carotene and retinyl acetate groups were significantly increased compaired with the pair-fed control groups. Total cholesterol content was significantly increased in vitamin A-deficient group with ethanol. In the changes of antioxidants status, significant decrease in hepatic vitamin E content was found in rats treated with chronic ethanol. However, dietary supplementation of retinyl acetate modified the change to some extent. Total vitamin C content of liver increased in vitamin A-deficient or β-carotene groups with ethanol feeding.

항공사 승무원의 비행 스트레스와 식행동에 관한 연구

양정미,노정옥,우경자 동아시아식생활학회 2004 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.14 No.2

This study investigated the relationship among the flight stress, disease and eating behavior of the Airline cabin crews. Self administered questionnaires were collected from three hundred and twenty cabin crews. Statistical data analysis was completed using a SPSS v.10.0 program. The results were summarized as follows: Before the flight, the maladaptation to the oversea foods was the most common stress for the crews less than one year flight experience. During the flight, fastidious arrangement and loss of appetite due to overwork were the most common stresses. After the flight, anorexia due to jet lag was the most common stress. Backache and stomachache were the most common job-related ailments of the airline cabin crews. During the flight, the intakes of carbonated drinks and coffee were most common. After the flight, water was the most common drink they consumed.

폐의 임파관 평활근종 -1예 보고-

지미경,양기화,김병기,김선무 대한병리학회 1984 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.18 No.4

중국어 진술문 담화구조 연구 : 문장통제어 중심으로 With a Special Emphasis on the Sentence-controllers

양경미 韓國外國語大學校 外國學綜合硏究센터 中國硏究所 2004 中國硏究 Vol.34 No.-

This is to analize the structures of discourses with declarative sentences of four writings, from the aspect of using the sentence-controllers. One of them is quoted from the original Chinese textbook. The others are written respectively by a Chinese who are staying in Korea now, by a Korean who has been to China for a long time, and by another Korean who hasn't been to. The sentence-controllers are a means of cohesion: therefore, they give coherence to the discourse. Grammatically predicative verbs, adverbials, and macrosyntactic conjunctions can play the role of the sentence-controllers as well.

현대 패션 디자인에 표현된 느리게 살기 경향 연구

양취경,김미경 誠信女子大學校 生活文化硏究所 2004 生活文化硏究 Vol.18 No.-

There is a tendency to be slow as an alternative life style in the modern society in which the fastness is being valued above everything else. 'Be slow movement' is revealed in our everyday life which include food, clothing, housing. education, politics, etc. The study has the aim of analyzing 'be slow movement' which is expressed in the formative feature of contemporary fashion. The ideas, contained in the movement, was analyzed as follows. The sublation of fastness first, the refusal of being unify, giving a great value to handmade object, the refusal of blind faith about technology, environment friendly, the pursuit of natural texture, the respect of regional tradition, the precautions against material civilization and hedonism and the interests on oriental philosophy. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. First, in the ecology style fashion, the 'be slow movement' was founded as a silhouette and color of nature or ecological print. That represents the pursuit of natural texture, which is the one of the maintenance of the 'be slow movement'. The style which avoid expansion or contraction of human body shows returning to nature and the cozy texture and structure show relaxation and healing with nature. In addition, using ecru color and natural fiber are related to environment friendly and the refusal of blind faith about technology. Secondly, the primitivism style fashion emphasize roughness and crudeness of nature, which support environment friendly and the pursuit of natural texture of the 'be slow movement'. Fur and leather put around or tied to the body express uncivilized and unprocessed natural beauty, which shows the refusal of blind faith about technology. The accessaries made of wood, ivory, born or feather were related to the 'be slow movement' with giving a great value to handmade object. Thirdly, the ethnic and folklore style fashion represent 'be slow movement' which emphasize the respect of regional tradition with adapting traditional pattern or style. Embroidery, hand weaving, hand knitting and traditional dying are using as ornaments or detail, which represents the respect of regional tradition and the sublation of fastness first. Fourthly, the Zen style fashion have not focused on exotic taste about orient, but focused on the spiritual world of orient. That represent the 'be slow movement' which emphasizes oriental mind as an alternative paradigm. The graceful and temperance feature of the Zen style fashion expresses the precautions against material civilization and hedonism. And fifthly, in the vintage style fashion, wearing out dated clothing and accessary shows the sublation of fastness first. In addition, vintage style could be interpreted as expressing one's individuality. That represents the refusal of being unify The maintenance which is contained in the movement was analyzed as the sublation of fastness first, the refusal of being unify, giving a great value to handmade object, the refusal blind faith about technology, environment friendly, the pursuit of natural texture, the respect of regional tradition, the precautions against material civilization and hedonism and interests on oriental philosophy. According the results above, factors of the 'be slow movement' have been founded in the comtemporary fashion.

Mycosis Fungoides 1예 보고

지미경,양기화,김병기,심상인,김선무 大韓血液學會 1984 大韓血液學會誌 Vol.19 No.1

학령전기 장애아 어머니의 부담감과 사회적지지

양경미,백영주,오현이 조선대학교 부설 의학연구소 2000 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.25 No.1

Background and Objective : The purpose of this study is to identify the level of burden and social support of mothers who have handicapped children of preschool age, and is to determine whether providing social support is an effective strategy to relieve the burden of those mothers. Materials and Method : From August 17, to September 28, 1999, the data was collected from 83 mothers caring handicapped children of preschool age, who are being treated and educated at two welfare centers for the handicapped, two early training and treating centers for them in Kwangju, and one center in Seoul. Two instruments used in this study were the burden scale developed by Suh and Oh, and the Personal Resource Questionnaire(PRQ, Part Ⅱ) developed by Brandt and Weinert. The data was analyzed with t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe’s test, Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient, and Stepwise Multiple Regression analysis. Results : 1. The correlation between the burden and the social support was statistically significant. 2. Sorts of handicap of children was the most important predictor to burden of mothers caring handicapped children of preschool age(R2=.20). In addition to, this social support and brother’s precedence accounted for 32% of burden of those mothers. Conclusion : There was significant negative correlation between social support and burden.