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Non-invasive method for in vivo detection of chlorophyll precursors
Kristiansen, Kim Anker,Khrouchtchova, Anastassia,Stenbaek, Anne,Schulz, Alexander,Jensen, Poul Erik Korean Society of Photoscience 2009 Photochemical & photobiological sciences Vol.8 No.2
Traditionally chlorophyll (Chl) and Chl precursors have been studied in vitro or in leaf tissue at low temperature. These methods are destructive and make it impossible to work with the same individual plant later on. In this paper we present a method for in vivo detection of Chl and its precursors in seedling plants which can be rescued for further studies. Multi-photon microscopy, which we show to be more reliable in vivo than UV-laser microscopy, is used to detect precursors in the biosynthetic pathway leading to Chl. The sensitivity and ability to distinguish different precursors with this system is compared to current methods. Furthermore, we report on optimization of the spectral scanning method with the aim to minimize the excitation light-evoked photo-conversion of the chlorophyll precursors.
The mundanity of Olympic housing: Norwegian athletes at the 2010 Winter Games
( Elsa Kristiansen ),( Svein S Andersen ),( Dag Vidar Hanstad ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2013 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.25 No.2
National teams face organizational challenges when planning and preparing for Olympic accommodation. In Norway such efforts are coordinated by the Olympic Top Sport Organization, Olympiatoppen. The ability to deal systematically with the many mundane factors in preparations and competitions is crucial, for example minor and mundane issues related to housing conditions may easily impact athletes` ability to perform. When discussing perceptions of stressors related to accommodations with ten Norwegian winter Olympians from the 2010 Vancouver Olympic Winter Games (OWG), they identified four areas of concern that may be central in comprehensive planning and preparation: accommodation and specific individual needs, the quality of recreation and food, managing security issues, and the regulation of press meetings. The most satisfied athletes belonged to sports where leaders took active part in discussions and spent time on details that would give the team an advantage like single room for clear medal candidates, Norwegian chefs, bringing their usual support personnel, extra recreational activities etc. Others were not that satisfied and felt that their needs (or sport) were not considered important enough. In conclusion, the Norwegian preparations for the 2010 OWG reflected a more conscious approach to quality control than previously, and even more important, the athletes felt that they had a say in the decision-making.
BEING IN VIRTUALITY: UNDERSTANDING VIRTUAL OBJECTS AND EXPERIENCES AS MEANINGFUL
Adrian Kristiansen,Frank Lindberg 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2023 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2023 No.07
Real world consumption is gradually being warped into an intangible form of digital virtual consumption. Virtual worlds, objects and experiences are often argued to be less valued or meaningful then their real reality counterparts. Though studies show how digital virtual consumption serves as ways of navigating and decoding normative boundaries of communal and cultural origin within virtual worlds. In this paper, we show how consumers balance their real-life responsibilities with consumption in virtual worlds. In an effort to better understand the phenomenon, we put forwards an analysis based on assemblage theory, which focuses on how agentic and communal capacities of component parts both enable and constrain various aspects of the consumption experience.
The Dark Side of a Mastery Emphasis: Can Mastery Involvement Create Stress and Anxiety?
( Frank Eirik Abrahamsen ),( Elsa Kristiansen ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2015 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.27 No.2
The purpose of this investigation was to examine the potential associations of motivational fluctuations during a full season with football players from one Premier Division team in Europe. Using correlational analyses we examined whether such motivational changes would mirror changes in stress perceptions (media and organizational) and performance anxiety levels. We used Achievement Goal Theory and Cognitive Activation Theory of Stress in the examination. In the elite sport setting, the endorsement of mastery involvement is recommended in order to avoid unnecessary stress and performance anxiety among athletes. 27 players (18-31 years old, Mage = 22.26 years, SD = 4.21) answered the questionnaires monthly over a season. We found that the athletes’ scores fluctuated over the season with interesting variations in the variables at time 2 (before season start) and time 7 (after the summer break) with a combination of high task orientation, high mastery climate perceptions and higher anxiety scores. The present findings revealed that stress may occur when there is a discrepancy between set values (what usually is) and actual value (what is). If the athletes are more accustomed to being evaluated normatively for the team roster, a sudden emphasis on personal improvement and maximum effort is very different . and may simply stress athletes even in a mastery environment.
Communication of soft information: Reputation and imperfect enforcement of reporting quality
Choi, Jay Pil,Kristiansen, Eirik Gaard,Nahm, Jae Elsevier 2017 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR & ORGANIZATION Vol.136 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Entrepreneurs report unverifiable soft information to investors. The credibility of soft information depends on the entrepreneur's reputation concern. In equilibrium, high-talent entrepreneurs, who are better at developing profitable projects in the future and therefore have stronger reputation concerns, signal their talents by producing honest reports on current projects. We show how probabilistic third-party monitoring of reporting quality changes some firms’ reporting strategies, which again spill over to the financing costs of firms not directly affected by improved monitoring. In some cases, improved monitoring of reporting quality can reduce firms’ reputation concerns and result in less efficient communication of information.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Developing a model in which a firm's reporting strategy reveals information about projects as well as information on the talent of an entrepreneur. </LI> <LI> Showing how reputation concerns discipline firms’ (cheap-talk) announcement strategies. </LI> <LI> Analyzing how probabilistic third-party monitoring of reporting quality changes some firms’ reporting strategies. </LI> </UL> </P>
Influence of nitrogen fertilization and isoxaflutole on the nodulation of chickpea (Cicer arietinum)
Datta, Avishek,Sindel, Brian M.,Kristiansen, Paul,Birchall, Craig,Jessop, Robin S.,Felton, Warwick L. The Korean Society of Weed Science and The Turfgra 2011 Weed Biology and Management Vol.11 No.2
The effects of soil nitrate and the herbicide, isoxaflutole, on chickpea nodulation were examined in a glasshouse experiment. The treatments consisted of one isoxaflutole-tolerant and one isoxaflutole-sensitive chickpea cultivar, five nitrate concentrations (0, 0.75, 1.5, 3.0, and 6.0 $mmol\;L^{-1}$), and three herbicide rates (0, 75 [the recommended rate], and 300 $g\;ha^{-1}$). The sensitive cultivar was more susceptible to isoxaflutole damage with an increasing herbicide rate and nitrate concentration, compared with the tolerant cultivar. Isoxaflutole at the recommended rate reduced the nodule dry weight of the sensitive cultivar by 51% and by 33% in the tolerant cultivar. The nodule dry weight of the sensitive cultivar was reduced by 28%, 40%, 64%, and 76% with the addition of the 0.75, 1.5, 3.0, and 6.0 $mmol\;L^{-1}$ nitrate concentrations, respectively. In comparison, the nodule dry weight of the tolerant cultivar was reduced by 50% and 79% at the 3.0 and 6.0 $mmol\;L^{-1}$ nitrate concentrations, respectively. In addition, the level of damage from increasing rates of isoxaflutole increased with the highest nitrate concentrations of 3.0 and 6.0 $mmol\;L^{-1}$, regardless of the cultivar. Isoxaflutole at the recommended application rate had a detrimental effect on the nodulation of both chickpea cultivars, but the isoxaflutole-tolerant cultivar suffered less injury than the sensitive one in relation to some growth parameters. The damage to chickpea from the recommended rate of isoxaflutole also increased with soils of higher nitrate content.