삼천포 화력발전소 연안의 플랑크톤상을 중심으로한 해양 환경

金世華,李晉煥,洪旭熹 龍仁大學校 1993 용인대학교 논문집 Vol.9 No.-

Impacts of the power plant operation located in the coastal area of Samchonpo were investgated in the view point of the population dynamics of zoo -and phytoplankton five times seasonally during the period from August 7 1990 to August 27 1991. Ninty nine taxa of phytoplankton, representing 2 forma, 1 variety, 79 species and 17 unidentified species belonging to 39 genera were tentatively identified. Phytoplankton standing crops varied with months and stations ranging from 5.8×104cells /l (November 1990, station 5) to 4.83×106cells /l (May 1991, station 4) in surface, ranging from 2.9×105cells /l (Novemver 1990, station 5) to 5.90×106cells /l (May 1991, station 4) in bottom. Dominant species through the present study were Chaetoceros compressus and C. curvisetus in August 1990, Nitzschia pungens in November, Eucampia zodiacus and Skeletonema costatum in February 1991, Leptocylindrus danicus in May, and S. costatum and S. tropicum in August. Causative organisms of red -tide due to diatoms were 24 taxa. Among them, six species occurred throughout the year ; Chaetoceros debilis, Cylindrotheca closterium, Guinardia flaccida, Nitzschia pungens, Rhizosolenia setigera and Skeletonema costatum. Chlorophyll -α was fluctuated ranging from 6.18mg /m3 (August 1990, station 1) to 23. 77mg /m3(February 1991, station 4) in surface, This value of chlorophyll -a might be assumed that eutrophication occurred in studied waters. Twenty two taxa of zooplankton communities, representing 14 copepods, 4 cladocerans, 2 chaetognaths, 1 protozoan and 1 appendicularian were identified. Zooplankton abundance varied with months and stations ranging from 1,677 indiv./m3 to 18,057 indiv./m3.

L929 및 CV1 세포를 사용한 한천중층법에서 치과용 합금의 독성 비교

조욱희,윤일,최석규,김형일 大韓齒科器材學會 1993 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.20 No.2

Biocompatability of pure gold, Au alloy, pure titanium, Ti alloy, Ni-Cr alloy, Co-Cr alloy and pure copper was assessed through the agar overlay test using L929 and CV1 cells. Pure gold, pure titanium and Ti alloy had none to mild cytotoxicity, Ni-Cr, Co-Cr and gold alloy had mild to moderate cytotoxicity and pure copper had severe cytotoxicity. Generally, L929 cells were more sensitive to toxic substances than CV1 cells. The application of human gingival fibroblast to the agar overlay method seemed not to be proper.

6-Deoxocastasterone and Its Biosynthetic Precursors from Primary Roots of Maize

Kim, Tae-Wuk,Chung, Woo-Sook,Kim, Young-Soo,Kim, Seong-Ki Korean Chemical Society 2004 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.25 No.7

Novel sodium fusidate-loaded film-forming hydrogel with easy application and excellent wound healing

Kim, Dong Wuk,Kim, Kyung Soo,Seo, Youn Gee,Lee, Beom-Jin,Park, Young Joon,Youn, Yu Seok,Kim, Jong Oh,Yong, Chul Soon,Jin, Sung Giu,Choi, Han-Gon Elsevier 2015 International journal of pharmaceutics Vol.495 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>To develop a novel sodium fusidate-loaded film-forming hydrogel (FFH) for easy application and excellent wound healing, various FFH formulations and corresponding FFH dried films were prepared with drug, polyvinylalcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), propylene glycol, ethanol and water, and their film forming times, mechanical properties, drug release, <I>in vivo</I> wound healing in rat and histopathology were assessed. The sodium fusidate-loaded FFH composed of sodium fusidate/PVP/PVA/propylene glycol/ethanol/water at the weight ratio of 1/2/12/3/8/74 could form a corresponding dried film in the wound sites promptly due to fast film-forming time of about 4min. This FFH showed an appropriate hardness and adhesiveness. Furthermore, this corresponding dried film provided an excellent flexibility and elasticity, and gave relatively high drug release. As compared with the sodium fusidate-loaded commercial product, it significantly improved excision and infection wound healing in rats. This FFH was stable at 45°C for at least 6 months. Therefore, this novel sodium fusidate-loaded FFH would be an effective pharmaceutical product with easy application for the treatment of wounds.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

OST1 Activation by the Brassinosteroid-Regulated Kinase CDG1-LIKE1 in Stomatal Closure

Kim, Tae-Woo,Youn, Ji-Hyun,Park, Tae-Ki,Kim, Eun-Ji,Park, Chan-Ho,Wang, Zhi-Yong,Kim, Seong-Ki,Kim, Tae-Wuk American Society of Plant Biologists 2018 The Plant cell Vol.30 No.8

<P>Brassinosteroid acts synergistically with ABA in guard cells, and CDL1 mediates BR-induced stomatal closure through OST1 activation.</P><P>Crosstalk between signaling pathways is an important feature of complex regulatory networks. How signal crosstalk circuits are tailored to suit different needs of various cell types remains a mystery in biology. Brassinosteroid (BR) and abscisic acid (ABA) antagonistically regulate many aspects of plant growth and development through direct interactions between components of the two signaling pathways. Here, we show that BR and ABA synergistically regulate stomatal closure through crosstalk between the BR-activated kinase CDG1-LIKE1 (CDL1) and the OPEN STOMATA1 (OST1) of the ABA signaling pathway in <I>Arabidopsis thaliana</I>. We demonstrate that the <I>cdl1</I> mutant displayed reduced sensitivity to ABA in a stomatal closure assay, similar to the <I>ost1</I> mutant. CDL1 and the BR receptor BR-INSENSITIVE1, but not other downstream components of the BR signaling pathway, were required for BR regulation of stomatal movement. Genetic and biochemical experiments demonstrated that CDL1 activates OST1 by phosphorylating it on residue Ser-7. BR increased phosphorylation of OST1, and the BR-induced OST1 activation was abolished in <I>cdl1</I> mutants. Moreover, we found that ABA activates CDL1 in an OST1-dependent manner. Taken together, our findings illustrate a cell-type-specific BR signaling branch through which BR acts synergistically with ABA in regulating stomatal closure.</P>

Plant U-Box40 Mediates Degradation of the Brassinosteroid-Responsive Transcription Factor BZR1 in Arabidopsis Roots

Kim, Eun-Ji,Lee, Se-Hwa,Park, Chan-Ho,Kim, So-Hee,Hsu, Chuan-Chih,Xu, Shouling,Wang, Zhi-Yong,Kim, Seong-Ki,Kim, Tae-Wuk American Society of Plant Biologists 2019 The Plant cell Vol.31 No.4

<P>Brassinosteroid signaling tightly controls the degradation of the transcription factor BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT1 specifically in roots.</P><P>Brassinosteroid (BR) regulates a wide range of physiological responses through the activation of BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT1 (BZR1), whose activity is tightly controlled by its phosphorylation status and degradation. Although BZR1 appears to be degraded in distinct ways in response to different hormonal or environmental cues, little is known about how BR signaling regulates its degradation. Here we show that the BR-regulated U-box protein PUB40 mediates the proteasomal degradation of BZR1 in a root-specific manner in Arabidopsis (<I>Arabidopsis thaliana</I>). BZR1 levels were strongly reduced by plant U-box40 (PUB40) overexpression, whereas the <I>pub39 pub40 pub41</I> mutant accumulated much more BZR1 than wild type in roots. The <I>bzr1</I>-<I>1D</I> gain-of-function mutation reduced the interaction with PUB40, which suppressed PUB40-mediated BZR1 degradation in roots. The cell layer-specific expression of <I>PUB40</I> in roots helps induce selective BZR1 accumulation in the epidermal layer. Both BR treatment and loss-of-function of PUB40 expanded BZR1 accumulation to most cell layers. In addition, BZR1 accumulation increased the resistance of <I>pub39 pub40 pub41</I> to low inorganic phosphate availability, as observed in <I>bzr1</I>-<I>1D</I>. BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE2-induced phosphorylation of PUB40, which mainly occurs in roots, gives rise to BZR1 degradation through enhanced binding of PUB40 to BZR1 and PUB40’s stability. Our results suggest a molecular mechanism of root-specific BZR1 degradation regulated by BR signaling.</P>

Caffeine이 지구성 운동 수행능력에 미치는 영향과 억제성 아미노산에 의하여 활성화되는 이온통로의 조절작용

김은경,김영표,천병옥,이계영,김연정,임백빈,조영욱,김창주,김성수 대한스포츠의학회 1999 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.17 No.1

To investigate the effect and mechanism of caffeine on endurance exercise, two experiments were performed. First, to test caffeine effect on aerobic exercise, 200-300g Sprague-Dawley rats were used and three groups, control group, low caffeine injection group and high caffeine injection group, were divided. Blood smpling by heart puncture were done at rest, after 30 min treadmill exercise, and after maximal exercise. Blood glucose, free fatty acid concentration were detected and following results were obtained. Glucose concentration showed significant difference between groups(p=0.0305) and also significant changes were exhibited between time(p=0.0004). Free fatty acid concentration had no difference between groups. but had significance between times(p=0.00065). Exercise endurance performance time showed significant difference(p=0.02350 in high caffeine injection group compared to control group. In this experiments, endurance exercise capacity was increased by caffeine injection. Therefore, second experiment was performed to investigate the effect of caffeine on ion current induced inhibitory amino acid neurotransmitter. GABA and glycine. Single periaqueductal gray neuron was acutely dissociated and nystatin perforated patch clamp was performed under voltage clamping condition. Caffeine evoked outward current in PAG neuron dose dependent manner. 1mM of caffeine application had no response. but 3mM caffeine evoked about 32.5±8.539pA outward ion current and 10mM caffeine evoked about 215.46±19.4pA outward current. 10^-2mM GABA activated Cl￣current and recorded by inward current. Caffeine inhibited GABA activated Cl￣ current concentration dependent manner. 10^-2mM of caffeine had no effect on 1-^-2mM of GABA response. but 10^-1mM caffeine inhibited GABA activated Cl￣ current about 5.74±2.13%, 1mM caffeine inhibited about 17.25±2.70%, 10mM caffeine inhibited GABA response about 45.31±7.71%. 10^-1mM of glycine activated Cl￣ current and also recorded by inward current. Caffeine inhibited glycine activated Cl￣ current concentration dependent manner. 10^-2mM caffeine decreased glycine activated Cl￣ current about 4.61±1.650%, 10^-1mM caffeine decreased about 6.49±2.24%, 1mM caffeine decreased about 26.82±4.27%, and 10mM caffeine decreased glycine response about 94.47±1.39%. These results suggest that caffeine inhibite inhibitory amino acid, GABA and glycine, this response causes excitation of CNS and this seems to be the basic mechanism of increasing effect to aerobic exercise performance by caffeine.

Clinical Experience in Conformal Stereotactic Radiotherapy of Irregularly Shaped Intractanial Tumors

Kim, Ki-Hwan,Cho, Moon-June,Kim, Dong-Wuk,Kim, Jun-Sang,Kim, Seon-Hwan,Song, Chang-Joon,Son, Shi-Hun,Jang, Ji-Young,Kim, Jae-Sung 충남대학교 암연구소 2005 암연구소 업적집 Vol.4 No.-

Purpose: The dosimetric advantages of multiple non-coplanar stationary fields for stereotactic radiotherapy or radiosurgery (SRT/S) are well known. However, this technique is not widely used due to the logistical problems associated with producing and testing customized collimators. We report our experience of SRT/S using multiple non-coplanar stationary fields (conformal SRT/ S). Materials and Methods: Between August 1997 and February 2002, we performed frameless SRT/S in 63 patients. We chose conformal SRT/S when the tumor was of a very irregular shape or larger than 4 cm. We obtained three pieces of information: 1) the couch translations required to bring the target point to the isocenter, 2) the distance between the stereotaxic markers in the CT study, and the distance between the markers determined from orthogonal beam films, taken in the anterior- posterior and lateral directions, and 3) the rotational movement of thehead position between the CT study and actual treatment position. We evaluated two kinds of data: 1) the precision of the isocenter setup, and 2) the reproducibility of the head position in the a) translational and b) rotational components. Results: Twenty-six of the 63 patients receiving stereotactic treatment received conformal SRT/S. The precision of the isocenter setup for the conformal SRT/S was x=-0.03±0.26 mm, y=0.19±0.25 mm and z=-0.20 ±0.27 mm. The reproducibilities of the head position with the conformal SRT/S were 0.5 mm and less than 1°, for the translational and rotational components, in any plane. Conclusion: We were able to apply conformal stereo-tactic irradiation, which has a dosimetric advantage, to irregularly shaped intracranial tumors, with precision and reproducibility of head position for the isocenter setup nearly equivalent to that of frame-based SRS or multiple-arc SRT/S. (Cancer Research and Treatment 2003; 35:69-74)

The error analysis of field size variation in pelvis region by using immobilization device

Kim,Jae-Sung,Kang,No-Hyun,Jang,Ji-Young,Kim,Yong-Eun,Kim,Ki-Hwan,Kim,Jun-Snag,Kim,Dong-Wuk,Cho,Moon-June 대한방사선 방어학회 2000 방사선방어학회지 Vol.25 No.1

방사선치료시 환자자세의 변화에 따라 방사선조사영역이 불일치하게 되어 주변의 정상조직에 불필요한 방사선조사가 생길수 있다. 본 연구에서는 골반부위 방사선 치료환자를 대상으로 Elecrtronic portal imaging device(EPID)로 고정기구를 사용한 방사선조사영역의 영상을 획득하여 고정기구사용에 따른 조사영역변화에 대한 오차를 분석하고자 한다. 충남대학교병원 치료방사선과에서 1998년 8월부터 1999년 8월까지 21명의 골반부위 방사선치료환자를 대상으로 하였다. 환자들은 모두 앙와위자세를 유지하면서 치료를 받았고, 고정기구를 사용하지 않은 11명과 고정기구를 사용한 10명으로 각각 나누어서 연구를 실행하였다. 고정기구는 스티로폼을 이용하였다. 전체 치료과정중 EPID를 이용하여 전면조사시 x(right-left)축, y축으로의 평균이동값은 각각 0.19 mm, 0.48 mm이었고, 계통이동과 우연이동은 평균이동으로부터 표준편차가 x축, y(longitudinal)방향을, 측면조사는 z축(vertical), y축(longitudinal)방향을, 대상으로 영상을 얻었다. 전체 치료과정중 얻은 영상들을 모의치료시 촬영한 기준필름과 matching기법을 이용하여 오차를 측정하였다. 고정기구를 사용하지 않은 11명 환자의 전면 조사영역의 경우 x축, y축으로 각각 2.38 mm, 2.19 mm와 1.92 mm. 1.29 mm이었다. 측면조사영역에서 z축, y축으로의 평균이동갑은 각각 -3.61 mm, 2.07 mm이었고 계통이동과 우연이동은 표준편차가 z축, y축으로 각각 3.20 mm, 2.29 mm와 2.73 mm, 1.62mm이었다. 한편 고정기구를 사용한 10명 환자의 전면 조사영역에서 x축, y축으로의 평균이동값은 각각 0.71 mm, 1.27 mm이었다. 측면조사영역에서 z축, y축으로 각각 1.87 mm, 2.83 mm와 1.68 mm, 1.65 mm이었다. 본 연구에서는 고정기구를 사용한 환자군의 조사영역의 오차는 고정기구를 사용하지 않은 환자구의 조사영역의 오차에 비해 약간 감소됨을 확인할 수 있었다. 그리고 두구룹간의 우연오차는 감소하고 계통오차는 크게 변화하지 않는 경향을 보였다. 그러므로 골반부위 방사선 치료시 고정기구를 사용함으로써 방사선 조사영역에 대한 오차유발의 원인을 줄일 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. In radiotherapy, it may happen to radiate surrounding normal tissue because of inconsistent field size by changing patient opsition during treatment. We are going to analyze errors reduced by using immobilization device with Electonic portalimaging device(EPID) in this study. We had treated the twenty-one patients in pelvic region with 10 MV X-ray from Aug. 1998 to Aug. 1999 at Chungnam National University Hospital. All patients were treated at supine position during treatment. They were separated to two groups, 11 patients without device and 10 patients with immobilization device. We used styrofoam for immobilization device and miasured the errors of anterior direction for x, y axis and lateral direction for z, y axis from simulation film to EPID image using matching technique. For no immobilization device group, the mean deviation values of x axis and y axis are 0.19 mm. 0.48 mm, respectively and the standard deviations of systematic deviation are 2.38 mm, 2.19 mm, repectively and of random deviation for xa axis and y axis are 1.92 mm. 1.29 mm, rewpectively. The mean deviation values of za axis and y axis are -3.61 mm. 2.07 mm, repectively and the standared deviations of systematic deviation are 3.20 mm, 2.29 mm, respectively and of random deviation for z axis are 2.73 mm. 1.62 mm, respectively. For immobilization device group, the mean deviation values of x axis and y axis are 1.56 mm. 1.27 mm, respectively. The mean deviation values of z axis and y axis are -1.76 mm. 1.08 mm, repectively and the standard deviations of systematic deviation are 1.87 mm, 2.83 mm, respectively and of random deviation for x axis and y axis are 1.68 mm, 1.65 mm, respectively. Because of reducing random and systematic error using immobilization device, we had obtained gooe reproducibility of patient setup during treatment so that we recommend the use of immobilization device in pelvic region of radiation treatment.

Clinical Experience in Conformal Stereotactic Radiotherapy of Irregularly Shaped Intractanial Tumors

Kim, Ki-Hwan,Cho, Moon-June,Kim, Dong-Wuk,Kim, Jun-Sang,Kim, Seon-Hwan,Song, Chang-Joon,Son, Shi-Hun,Jang, Ji-Young,Kim, Jae-Sung 충남대학교 암공동연구소 2005 암공동연구소 업적집 Vol.4 No.

Purpose: The dosimetric advantages of multiple non-coplanar stationary fields for stereotactic radiotherapy or radiosurgery (SRT/S) are well known. However, this technique is not widely used due to the logistical problems associated with producing and testing customized collimators. We report our experience of SRT/S using multiple non-coplanar stationary fields (conformal SRT/ S). Materials and Methods: Between August 1997 and February 2002, we performed frameless SRT/S in 63 patients. We chose conformal SRT/S when the tumor was of a very irregular shape or larger than 4 cm. We obtained three pieces of information: 1) the couch translations required to bring the target point to the isocenter, 2) the distance between the stereotaxic markers in the CT study, and the distance between the markers determined from orthogonal beam films, taken in the anterior- posterior and lateral directions, and 3) the rotational movement of thehead position between the CT study and actual treatment position. We evaluated two kinds of data: 1) the precision of the isocenter setup, and 2) the reproducibility of the head position in the a) translational and b) rotational components. Results: Twenty-six of the 63 patients receiving stereotactic treatment received conformal SRT/S. The precision of the isocenter setup for the conformal SRT/S was x=-0.03±0.26 mm, y=0.19±0.25 mm and z=-0.20 ±0.27 mm. The reproducibilities of the head position with the conformal SRT/S were 0.5 mm and less than 1°, for the translational and rotational components, in any plane. Conclusion: We were able to apply conformal stereo-tactic irradiation, which has a dosimetric advantage, to irregularly shaped intracranial tumors, with precision and reproducibility of head position for the isocenter setup nearly equivalent to that of frame-based SRS or multiple-arc SRT/S. (Cancer Research and Treatment 2003; 35:69-74)