치수 치근단 병소의 전구 위험요인으로서의 제 2 형 당뇨의 역할에 관한 소고

김진희,배광식,서덕규,홍성태,이윤,홍삼표,금기연 大韓齒科保存學會 2009 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.34 No.3

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a syndrome accompanied with the abnormal secretion or function of insulin, a hormone that plays a vital role in controlling the blood glucose level (BGL). Type 1 and 2 DM are most common form and the prevalence of the latter is recently increasing. The aim of this article was to assess whet her Type 2 DM could act as a predisposing risk factor on the pulpo-periapical pathogenesis. Previous literature on the pathologic changes of blood vessels in DM was thoroughly reviewed. Furthermore, a histopathologic analysis of artificially-induced periapical specimens obtained from Type 2 diabetic and DM-resistant rats was compared. Histopathologic results demonstrate that the size of periapical bone destruction was larger and the degree of pulpal inflammation was more severe in diabetic rats, indicating that Type 2 DM itself can be a predisposing risk factor that makes the host more susceptible to pulpal infection. The possible reasons may be that in diabetic state the lumen of pulpal blood vessels are thickened by atheromatous deposits, and microcirculation is hindered. The function of polymorphonuclear leukocyte is also impaired and the migration of immune cells is blocked. leading to increased chance of pulpal infection. Also, lack of collateral circulation of pulpal blood vessels makes the pulp more susceptible to infection. These decrease the regeneration capacity of pulpal cells or tissues, delaying the healing process. Therefore, when restorative treatment is needed in Type 2 DM patients, dentists should minimize irritation to the pulpal tissue under control of BGL. 당뇨(Diabetes Mellitus)란 혈당을 조절하는 인슐린의 분비나 기능에 장애를 야기하는 질환으로 인슐린 의존성 여부에 따라 제 1 형과 제 2 형으로 분류된다. 본 종설은 최근 증가 추세에 있는 제 2 형 당뇨가 치수 치근단 병소의 병인 과정에 전구 위험 요인으로 작용할 수 있는지를 평가 하고자 문헌고찰을 통해 당뇨의 병인 과정에서 특징적으로 나타나는 혈관 합병증에 관해 알아보고, 부가적으로 제 2 형 당뇨 쥐 모델에서 인위적인 치수감염 후 얻은 치근단 조직의 조직병리학적 분석을 시행하였다. 조직학적 관찰 결과 제 2 형 당뇨 쥐에서 대조군에 비해 치수 치근단 병소의 크기가 증가하였고, 치수 염증 반응도 심하게 나타난 것으로 보아 당뇨 자체가 숙주를 감염에 취약한 상태로 만드는 전구 위험요소로 작용하였음을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 이유로는 첫째, 당뇨 시 전반적으로 나타나는 혈관 내 죽상 침착(atheromatous deposits)에 의해 혈관 내벽의 두께가 두꺼워져 미세 순환의 장애는 물론 탐식 세포의 기능 저하, 면역 세포의 혈류 이동이 차단되어 치수 감염 시 쉽게 치근단 병소로 이환될 가능성이 높고, 둘째 치수 혈관에서 특징인 측부 순환(collateral circulation)의 부재에 따른 살균성 다형핵 백혈구의 활동 억제를 포함한 미세 혈관계의 취약성으로 인해 치수 조직의 재생능이 저하되어 추가적인 감염원의 공격에 대한 방어 및 치유 저하를 더욱 심화시키기 때문인 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 제 2 형 당뇨 환자의 수복치료 시 치과의사는 당뇨 조절 하에서 치수 조직의 자극을 최소화하기 위한 세심한 처치가 필요하다.

Amiodarone에 의한 폐독성 1예

김인기,정병오,이혁표,김주인,염호기,최수전,김두일,김동수,양영일,최석진 인제대학교 1999 仁濟醫學 Vol.20 No.1

저자들은 심실성 빈맥으로 amiodarone 일일 400mg을 약 1년 6개월 정도 사용해 오던 환자에서, amiodarone에 의해 유발된 간질성 폐렴 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Amiodarone is a very effective antiarrhythmic agent frequently employed in patient with life-threatening supraventircular tachycardia and ventricular tarchycardia. But amiodarone is associated with a number of side effect, which include liver dysfunction, hyper- and hypothyroidism, bluish discoloration of skin, bone marrow suppression, coagulopathies, peripheral neuropathy, and others. The most serious adverse effect is a pulmonary toxicity which occurs in average 4% to 6% of those patients on the drug and maybe fatal. Two possible mechanisms of amiodarone pulmonary toxicity have been suggested, a direct toxic effect or an immune-mediated response. We report a case of patient with amiodarone pulmonary toxicity who has taking 400mg of amiodarone per day for reccurent ventircular tachycardia.

A new Potential Anti-inflammatory Agent

Kim, Hee-Kee,Son, Kun-Ho,Chang, Hyeun-Wook,Kang, Sam-Sik,Kim, Hyun-Pyo The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 1998 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.21 No.4

Biflavonoid is one of unique classes of naturally-occurring bioflavonoids. Certain biflavonoids including amentoflavone were previously reported to have inhibitory effect on the group 11 phospholipase $A_2$ activity. Amentoflavone was also found to inhibit cyclooxygenase from guinea-pig epidermis without affecting lipoxygenase. In this study, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of amentoflavone were evaluated. When amentoflavone was administered intraperitoneally, it showed a potent anti-inflammatory activity as determined by amelioration of croton-oil induced mouse ear edema. It also showed a potent anti-inflammatory activity in the rat carrageenan paw edema model ($ED_{50}$=42 mg/kg) compared to the activity of prednisolone (35 mg/kg) and indomethacin (10 mg/kg). However, amentoflavone did not show a significant inhibitory activity against rat adjuvant-induced arthritis, a chronic inflammatory model. In addition, amentoflavone was found to possess a potent analgesic activity in the acetic acid writhing test ($ED_{50}$=9.6 mg/kg) compared to the activity of indomethacin (3.8 mg/kg). These results suggest that amentoflavone may be a potential lead for a new type of anti-inflammatory agents having dual inhibitory activity of group 11 phospholipase $A_2$ and cyclooxygenase.

장기간 무용전공별 훈련이 최대산소섭취량 및 젖산농도에 미치는 영향

김성수,이계영,김영표,이삼준,변재종,김명기,김민정 대한스포츠의학회 1997 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.15 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of long term dance training on the maximal oxygen uptake(V˙O_2max) and blood lactate concentration of female by part of dance major in university. Subjects participated for this experiment was 40 students in university K. The subjects were selected randomly 40 female students majored in dance in university(Korean dance: 10, Modern dance: 10, Ballet: 10), and 10 regular female students, who did not have any dance experience. The results of the study were as follows; 1. Cardiovascular function 1) The rest heart rate of the dance major group was significantly lower than general students group, but showed not difference among the dance major group. 2) Maximal heart rate(HRmax) showed in orders for korea dance group, modern dance group, ballet group, adn significant difference appeared higher the dance major groups than general students. 3) The maximal oxygen uptake(V˙O_2max/kg) of the dance major group was significantly higher than general students group, significant difference appeared among the ballet group, korea dance and modern dance. 4) The all-out time of the dance major group was significantly higher than general students group, but showed not difference among the dance major group. 2. Blood lactate concentration 1) Blood lactate concentration at rest among the groups was not discovered difference. 2) The blood lactate concentration of the dance major group was significantly lower than general students group at the all-out time, but showed not difference among the dance major group. 3) During recovery phase of maximal exercise, the blood lactate concentration of the dance major group was significantly lower than general students group, but showed not difference among the dance major group. 4) There were significantly difference in the blood lactate concentration all execution among at rest, after exercise and recovery period.

Antiinflammatory Activity of Flavonoids:Mouse Ear Edema Inhibition

Kim, Hee-Kee,Namgoong, Soon-Young,Kim, Hyun-Pyo The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 1993 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.16 No.1

In this inverstigation, the various flavonoid aglycones were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against croton-oil or arachidonic acid induced mouse ear edema by oral or topical administration. The compounds tested were thirteen derivatives of flavan-3-ol(catechin and epicatechin), flavanone (flavanone and naringenin), flavone (flavone, chrysin and apigenin), flavonol(favonol, galangin, quercetin and morin) and isoflavone (biochanin A and 2-carbethoxy-5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone), along with hydrocortisone, indomethacin, 4-bormophenacyl bromide, nordihydroguaiaretic acid and phenidone as positive controls. A(isoflavone) were found to show broad inhibitoty activities (14-52%) against croton-oil or arachidonic acid induced ear edema by oral or topical application at the dose of 2 mg/mouse, although they showed less activity than hydrocortisone (26-88%) or indomethacin (36-80%). Flavonoid agtlycones tested showed higher activity when aplied topically than by the oral administration. It was also found that they inhibited arachidonic acid induced edema more profoundly than croton-oil induced edema by topical application. In arachidonic acid induced edema when applied topically, flavone derivatives such as flavone, chrysin and apigenin were revealed to be the good inhibitory agents in addition to flavonols and isoflavones. When quercetin and biochanin. A were selected for evaluating in carrageenan induced rat pleurisy and biochanin both flavonoids showed antiinflammatory activity at the dose of 70 mg/kg by the oral adminis-tration. All of these results revealed that flavonoid aglycones, especially 5,7-dihydroxy-flavonols having hydroxyl group(s) in B-ring and biochanin A (isoflavone) possessed in vivo antiinflammatory activity.

Inhibition of Rat Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis by Ginkgetin, a Biflavone from Ginkgo biloba Leaves

Kim, Hee Kee,Son, Kun Ho,Chang, Hyeun Wook,Kang, Sam Sik,Kim, Hyun Pyo 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 1999 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.9 No.-

Ginkgetin, a biflavone isolated from Ginkgo bilobα loaves, was previously reported as an inhibitor of group Ⅱ phos-pholipase A­(2). In this study, ginkgetin was evaluated for in vivo antiarthritic and analgesic activities. Ginkgetin (10-20 mg/kg/day) Strongly reduced arthritic inflammation in an animal model of rat adjuvant-induced arthritis (86% inhibition at 16 days at a dose of 20 mg/kg/day) via intraperitoneal injection, while predni-solone (5 mg/kg/day) showed 79% reduction. Histological ex-amination of the knee joints confirmed our findings. When anal-gesic activity was measured, ginkgetin showed a dose-depend-ent inhibition in an animal model of acetic acid-induced writhing. ED­(50) values for ginkgetin and indomethacin were 8.9 and 3.8 mg/kg, respectively. All these results indicate that ginkgetin may be a potential antiarthritic agent having analgesic activity.

Amentoflavone, a Plant Biflavone : A New Potential Anti-inflammatory Agent

Kim, Hee Kee,Son, Kun Ho,Chang, Hyeun Wook,Kang, Sam Sik,Kim, Hyun Pyo 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 1999 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.9 No.-

Biflavonoid is one of unique classes of naturally-occurring bioflavonoids. Certain biflavonoids including amentoflavone were previously reported to have inhibitory effect on the group Ⅱ phospholipase A­(2) activity. Amentoflavone was also found to inhibit cyclooxygenase from guinea-pig epidermis without affecting lipoxygenase. In this study, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of amentoflavone were evaluated . When amentoflavone was administered intraperitoneally, it showed a potent anti-inflammatory activity as determined by amelioration of croton-oil induced mouse ear edema. It also showed a potent anti-inflammatory activity in the rat carrageenan paw edema model (ED­(50)=42 mg/kg) compared to the activity of prednisolone (35 mg/kg) and indomethacin (10 mg/kg). However, amentoflavone did not show a significant inhibitory activity against rat adjuvant-induced arthritis, a chronic inflammatory model. In addition, amentoflavone was found to possess a potent analgesic activity in the acetic acid writhing test (ED­(50)=9.6 mg/kg) compared to the activity of indomethacin (3.8 mg/kg). These results suggest that amentoflavone may be a potential lead for a new type of anti-inflammatory agents having dual inhibitory activity of group Ⅱ phospholipase A­(2) and cyclooxygenase.

Mitotic-Specific Methylation in the HeLa Cell through Loss of DNMTs and DMAP1 from Chromatin

Kim, Kee-Pyo,Kim, Gun-Do,Kang, Yong-Kook,Lee, Dong-Seok,Koo, Deog-Bon,Lee, Hoon-Taek,Chung, Kil-Saeng,Lee, Kyung-Kwang,Han, Yong-Mahn 충남대학교 형질전환복제돼지연구센터 2004 논문집 Vol. No.8

Biological importance of OCT transcription factors in reprogramming and development

Kim Kee-Pyo,Han Dong Wook,Kim Johnny,Schöler Hans R. 생화학분자생물학회 2021 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.53 No.-

Ectopic expression of Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc can reprogram somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Attempts to identify genes or chemicals that can functionally replace each of these four reprogramming factors have revealed that exogenous Oct4 is not necessary for reprogramming under certain conditions or in the presence of alternative factors that can regulate endogenous Oct4 expression. For example, polycistronic expression of Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc can elicit reprogramming by activating endogenous Oct4 expression indirectly. Experiments in which the reprogramming competence of all other Oct family members tested and also in different species have led to the decisive conclusion that Oct proteins display different reprogramming competences and species-dependent reprogramming activity despite their profound sequence conservation. We discuss the roles of the structural components of Oct proteins in reprogramming and how donor cell epigenomes endow Oct proteins with different reprogramming competences.

Generation of Integration-free Induced Neural Stem Cells from Mouse Fibroblasts

Kim, Sung Min,Kim, Jong-Wan,Kwak, Tae Hwan,Park, Sang Woong,Kim, Kee-Pyo,Park, Hyunji,Lim, Kyung Tae,Kang, Kyuree,Kim, Jonghun,Yang, Ji Hun,Han, Heonjong,Lee, Insuk,Hyun, Jung Keun,Bae, Young Min,Scho American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bi 2016 The Journal of biological chemistry Vol.291 No.27

<P>The viral vector-mediated overexpression of the defined transcription factors, Brn4/Pou3f4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (BSKM), could induce the direct conversion of somatic fibroblasts into induced neural stem cells (iNSCs). However, viral vectors may be randomly integrated into the host genome thereby increasing the risk for undesired genotoxicity, mutagenesis, and tumor formation. Here we describe the generation of integration-free iNSCs from mouse fibroblasts by non-viral episomal vectors containing BSKM. The episomal vector-derived iNSCs (e-iNSCs) closely resemble control NSCs, and iNSCs generated by retrovirus (r-iNSCs) in morphology, gene expression profile, epigenetic status, and self-renewal capacity. The e-iNSCs are functionally mature, as they could differentiate into all the neuronal cell types both in vitro and in vivo. Our study provides a novel concept for generating functional iNSCs using a non-viral, non-integrating, plasmid-based system that could facilitate their biomedical applicability.</P>