Mild Cognitive Impairment 노인군의 점화효과 특성

박재우,김도관,고선규,고효정,김성환,김재경,서민영,이인수,김지혜 大韓神經精神醫學會 2002 신경정신의학 Vol.41 No.3

연구목적 : 이 연구에서는 K-MMSE에서 25점 이하를 받은 50대 이상 노인들을 MCI(Mild Cognitive Impairment) 군으로 보고 이들의 인지 기능 특성을 점화 효과를 중심으로 살펴보고자 하였다. 먼저, 점화 효과가 MCI 노인군에서 있어서도 유지되고 있는지를 알아보고, 인지 기능의 손상 정도에 따라 점화 효과가 유의미하게 변화하는 지를 살펴보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 본 연구에서는 K-NAME 점수 25점 이하의 노인 96명으 대상으로 ADAS-Cog와 일종의 간접 기억 검사 도구인 지각적 파악 과제를 제작하여 점화 효과를 측정하여 인지 기능의 퇴행이 시작된 고연령군이 나타내는 암묵 기억 능력 특성을 알아보았다. 점화효과는 컴퓨터 상에 사전 노출된 자극과 그렇지 않은 자극을 순간 노출시켜 미리 노출된 자극에 대해 반응 시간이 줄어들고 정확 반응이 증가하는 정도로써 측정하였다. 이 때 지능이나 연령, 학력 수준과 같은 변인이 미치는 영향을 통제하기 위해 한국판 웩슬러 지능 검사의 <어휘>, <토막> 소검사를 실시하였고, 인구통계학적 변인에 관한 면접을 실시하였다. 통계적 분석 과정에서는 먼저, 연구에서 측정된 점화효과의 특성을 알아보기 점화 효과 측정치의 기술 통계치를 구하였으며 다른 측정 변인들과의 상관 분석을 실시하였다. 마지막으로 측정된 점화효과가 인지 기능의 퇴행 수준에 비례하는 지의 여부를 파악하기 위해 ADAS-Cog 및 나이, 교육 연한 및 지능 수준을 독립변인으로 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 결 과 : 먼저 기술 통계 분석 결과에 의하면 본 연구에 참여한 피보험자들의 경우 점화효과에 의해 미리 노출된 자극을 평균 3.6개 더 정확히 파악하였으며 평균 59ms 더 빠르게 반응한 것으로 나타나 이들 집단에서도 점화효과가 유지되고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 다음으로 변인들 간의 상관 분석 결과에 따르면, 정확 파악 반응 점수에 따른 점화효과는 전반적인 인지 기능을 평가하는 K-MMSE 및 ADAS-Cog와 정적인 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났으며 반응 속도로 측정한 점화효과의 경우에는 나이와는 정적인 상관이, KWIS의 <어휘> 소검사 점수와는 부적인 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 본 연구에서 사용된 점화 효과 측정치를 종속 변인으로 ADAS-Cog와 KWIS의 어휘 및 코막 소검사로 측정한 지능 수준, 나이와 교육 연한과 같은 인구 통계학적 변인을 독립 변인으로 회귀 분석을 실시한 결과에 따르면 정화간응 점수로 측정한 점화 효과의 경우 상관 분석 결과에서와 같이 ADAS-Cog 변인만이 유의미한 효과를 갖는 것으로 나타났으며 반응 속도로 측정한 점화 효과의 경우 나이의 효과만 유의미한 것으로 나타났다. 결 론 : 이러한 결과는 경미한 인지 기능의 손상이 진행되고 있는 고연령군의 경우에는 외현 기억 능력은 손상이 시작되지만 점화효과로 측정된 암묵 기억이 전반적으로는 유지되다가 인지 기능의 퇴행이 진행됨에 따라 노출된 자극을 더 정확히 파악하는 능력이 저하되고 점화 효과에 의해 인출 속도가 빨라지는 현상이 연령이 증가함에 따라 함께 증가하는 것으로 나타남을 말해 준다. Objectives : In this study, the cognitive characteristics, especially priming effect, of above 50 years old age group who had less than 25 points in K-MMSE were investigated. Methods : In this study, an implicit memory test measuring priming effect was made and administered ti old age people who had less than 25 points in k-MMSe in screening session. To control the effect of age, educational level and intelligence, demograohic variables were measured, and the subjects of KWIS, vocabulary and block design were administered. Descriptive statistical analysis of the two priming measures and correlational analysis between variables were done. To test the effect of cognitive functioning on priming effect multiple regression analysis was done. Results : Correlational analysis revealed priming score obtained from correct identification response was positively correlated with K-MMSE and ADAS-Cog. And priming score obtained from mean reaction time was positively correlated with age and negatively correlated with vocabulary substest of KWIS. The regression analysis results indicated from correct identification response, whereas age has significant effect on priming score obtained from mean reaction time. Conclusions : The results revealed that as cognitive deterioration progresses priming effect which identify primed stimulus correctly diminish, and as one grow older within age 50 to 70, priming effect which identifies primed stimulus quickly increase.

Transformer를 활용한 약인성 간손상 예측

김하림(Harim Kim),김예슬(Yeseul Kim),손요한(Yohan Sohn),조효정(Hyo Jung Cho),김순선(Soon Sun Kim2),한지은(Ji Eun Han),정재연(Jae Youn Cheong),홍참길(Charmgil Hong) 한국정보과학회 2023 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2023 No.12

그람양성구균에 대한 Teicoplanin과 Vancomycin의 시험관내 항균력

최태열,김경숙,전용관,서일혜,김정욱,이웅수,안정열,김홍석,정재용,최효선,김덕언,유진우 대한감염학회 1994 감염 Vol.26 No.1

An increasing frequency of methicillin resistant S. aureus(MRSA), methicillin resistant coagulase negative staphylococci(MRCNS) and Enterococcal infection have been observed in recent years. Teicoplanin is a new glycopeptide antibiotic obstained from the Actinoplanes teicomycetius. The molecular structure and spectrum of antimicrobial activity of teicoplanin is simillar to those of vancomycin, and has been reported to have an excellent in vitro and in vivo effect against various gram-positive infections. Therefore, we evaluated the in vitor susceptibility of gram positive cocci, such as, S. aureus, coagulase negative Staphylococci(CNS), and Enterococci to teicoplanin and vancomycin. The total 253 strains consisted of MSSA(40), MRSA(53), MSCNS(47), MRCNS(48), and Enterococci(65). They were assayed by disc diffusion and agar dilution. During the study, 57% of S. aureus and 49% of CNS showed resistance to methicillin. The inhibitory diameter of teicoplanin was 15-20mm in MSSA, 12-19mm in MRSA, 13-24mm in MSCNS, 11-23mm in MRCNS, and 15-22mm in Enterococci respectively, and showed sensitivity in all but 8 strains(3.2%). The range of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of teicoplanin to MSSA, MRSA, MSCNS, MRCNS and Enterococci were 9.12-2.0㎍/ml, 0.25-2.0㎍/ml, & 0.25-32㎍/ml, 0.12-1.0㎍/ml respectively. One case of S. haemolyticus was resistant to teicoplanin (32㎍/ml) by the agar dilution method. Eight minor (3.2%) and one major(0.4%) error was observed when the MIC and disk diffusion data were correlated with teicoplanin. As for vancomycin the inhibitory diameter was 17-21mm in MSSA, 15-21mm in MRSA, 18-26mm in MSCNS, 18-25mm in MRCNS, and 16-22mm in Enterococci respectively. The range of the MIC of vancomycin to MSSA, MRSA, MSCNS, MRCNS, and Enterococci were 0.25-1.0㎍/ml, 0.25-4.0㎍/ml, 0.5-2.0㎍/ml and 0.5-2.0㎍/ml respectively. One minor error (0.4%) was seen with the vancomycin disk. The MIC90 of MSSA and MRSA exhibited the same results in teicoplanin (1.0㎍/ml, 1.0㎍/ml), and vancomycin(2.0㎍/ml, 2.0㎍/ml). MSCNS and MRCNS exhibited greater MIC90 with teicoplanin(4.0㎍/ml, 8.0㎍/ml) than vancomycin(2.0㎍/ml, 2.0㎍/ml). Incontrase Enterococci were more susceptible to teicoplanin(0.5㎍/ml) than to vancomucin (2.0㎍/ml). Results from this analysis indicated that both teicoplanin and vancomycin were very excellent for gram positive infections, especially those resistant to methicillin.

알코올의 섭취가 흰쥐의 혈액과 간의 지질대사에 미치는 영향

이명숙,김영연,김효숙,김매하,전진순,서진숙,송선미,양영재,윤원손,이미라,이효영,정승현 誠信女子大學校 生活文化硏究所 2004 生活文化硏究 Vol.18 No.-

To investigate the effects of ethanol on the lipid metabolism in blood and liver, twenty one male Sprague Dawley rats had orally taken the 25% alcohol and 50% alcohol by 5g per Kg of weight during 3 weeks after the adjusting period. For the energy balance, 85% sucrose and 45% sucrose was added in control group and 25% alcohol group each. The weight was reduced by alcohol treatment according to the levels, otherwise the weight of liver and heart was little increased in alcohol groups rather than in control without significance. Moreover, RBC, WBC, hemoglobin and hematocrit were increased by alcohol treatment according to the levels without significance. Otherwise, adjusted bilirubin levels by 100g of weight was significantly increased by alcohol treatment dose dependently. Alcohol induced RBC degradation and increased circulated bilirubin because of liver damage. For blood lipid profiles, blood cholesterol was increased in 50% of alcohol group compared to that of 25% and control groups, otherwise, blood triglycerides (TG) was increased by 30% in 25% alcohol groups rather than in control but not significantly different. The hepatic lipid composition, cholesterol levels in alcohol treatment groups was lower than those in control. The hepatic TG was not influenced by alcohol treatment. The two reasons of decreasing hepatic lipids were suggested by 85% sucrose of control for energy balance more synthesized cholesterol and TG than those in 25 or 50% alcohol groups, and by cholesterol and TG could not be synthesized because of liver damage from alcohol.

버섯 피클(Pickle) 제조 및 저장 중의 품질변화

김상철,김소연,하효철,박경숙,이재성 동아시아식생활학회 2001 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.11 No.5

The mushroom pickles were prepared as a processed mushroom product. The changes in pH, total acidity, brix, color and texture of the mushroom pickles (Lentinus edodes, Pleurotus ostreatus, Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus eryngii) were measured during storage at 4℃. In addition, sensory evaluations on the mushroom pickles were performed. While the pH of Lentinus edodes and Pleurotus ostreatus pickles declined slowly, the pH of Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus eryngii pickles declined rapidly during storage, The total acidity of Lentinus edodes pickles rose slowly, while the acidity of Pleurotus ostreatus, Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus eryngii pickles rose rapidly, As for the color of mushroom pickles, "L", "a" and " b" values changed slightly. The changes in texture were determined by a rheometer, Hardness, cohesiveness, springiness, gumminess and brittleness of Lentinus edodes pickles were lower than those of the other mushroom pickles. In the sensory evaluation of mushroom pickles, Lentinus edodes showed higher acceptability ratings than the other mushrooms in taste, color, clearness, texture and overall acceptability. This study showed that among the mushrooms tested, Lentinus edodes was the most acceptable mushroom pickle for storage.

곡선형 강박스거더 도로교의 단면최적화에 관한 연구

김상효,조성범,정재익 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1996 논문집 Vol.28 No.1

The steel-box girder decks are widely adopted for middle and long-span bridges due to many advantages, when comparing with other open-section girder types, such as higher torsional rigidity, better resistance against corrosion, etc. In current design practice, the design variables of steel-box girder are selected mainly on the basis of engineer's experience and direct observation. Then the assumed sections are checked for design limit states. Therefore, the resulted design sections are doubtful in the optimum viewpoint. To achieve more rational design, systematic design procedure is required, by which the design constraints on steel-box girders are satisfied and the design variables of minimum cost are obtained. Generally both bending moments by transverse loads and torsional moments by eccentric loadings are the most important load effects in curved steel-box girder bridges. Therefore, an optimization program is developed to consider the torsional moment in addition to other load effects. The efficiency of the developed program has been verified by redesigning some sections selected from existing bridge designs. The resulting optimum sections with discrete variables are found to be cost-saving and comparable with original sections. Based on the parametric studies performed for mainly radius of curvature on curved bridge and bridge width, some essential guidelines for rational design of curved steel-box girder bridges are suggested.

성공적인 지방자치의 발전과제와 역할분담에 관한 연구

김재휴 朝鮮大學校 社會科學硏究所 2001 社會科學硏究 Vol.22 No.1

노인 환자에서 경피적 관동맥 중재술 후 조영제 유발 신부전의 발생률, 위험인자와 임상적 의의

김광일,배장환,강현재,채인호,김효수,손대원,김철호,오병희,이명묵,박영배,최윤식 대한노인병학회 2004 대한노인병학회지 Vol.8 No.1

취업증진을 위한 기사자격증 취득 및 위업자료의 체계적 구축 및 운용 방안

김성일,구경완,장종국,사공성대,황재효,류승헌 永同大學校 1997 硏究論叢 Vol.3 No.1

국가기술자격증 취득을 위한 효과적인 강의 지도를 실시하고, 이와 병행하여 기업체의 구인정보와 취업 대상자의 진로 의사 정보를 정확하게 파악하여 데이터베이스화하고 기업체에 본 대학을 상세히 홍보함으로써 취업증진을 도모한다. We make effective lectures for obtaining a national technical qualification and construct the database of job information that contain the information about companies and students respectively. Also We propagate Youngdong University to the companies for promoting the employment of students.

장기간 수지침 및 뜸요법 처치후 혈중 지질 농도 변화

김효재,정한영,조기정 한국학교체육학회 2001 한국학교 체육학회지 Vol.11 No.2

이 연구는 수지요법이 건강관련 요인에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 서울시에 거주하는 40세에서 45세 사이의 어떠한 질병치료도 받고 있지 않는 건강한 성인중 뜸요법집단 (N=5명), 뜸과 수지침 자극집단 (N=5명)으로 총 10명을 연구의 대상으로 선정하였다. 실험은 3개월간 걸쳐서 매주 3회씩 실시하였으며 채혈은 전완정맥에서 실시하였으며, 채혈시기는 실험전, 실험 1개월, 3개월 후에 채혈하여 분석하였다. 이 연구의 주요 결과는 뜸요법집단과 뜸, 침자극 집단간의 ALT농도는 유의한 차가 없는 것으로 나타났지만 기술통계 측면에서 살펴볼 때 두 집단간의 자극전, 후의 ALT농도는 group I은 12.08 ± 3.39U/ I에서 15.80 ± 4.92U/ I로 증가의 경향을 보인 반면, group Ⅱ는 뜸침자극 전 (24.20 ± 9.99U/ I)에 비해, 처치 후 (20.4 ± 8.91U/ I)로 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고, 3개월간의 자극처치 후 AST, HDL, LDL, TC, Total Cholesterol의 농도에서는 감소하는 경향으로 나타났다. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the realationship of palm acupuncture and heating stress on blood lipid profiles in healthy mid-aged adults. Ten subjects were participated in the study, and compared two regimens of palm heating stress group (N=5) and concurrent trial of palm acupuncture and heating stress group (N=5). The trials were lasted for three months and drown blood before and after one and three months. The majoring finding was that no difference in ALT was found between the groups, but the trendly of increased in both groups after three month application of palm acupuncture and heating stress. The trend of decrease in AST, HDL, LDL, TC, TC after three months application of palm acupuncture and heating stress.