Medicinal Chemistry : RESEARCH ARTICLE ; Selective induction of hepatic cytochrome P450 2B activity by leelamine in vivo, as potent novel inducer

( Ju Hee Kim ),( Woong Sik Nam ),( Doo Hyun Lee ),( Su Youn Lee ),( Hung Chan O ),( Jeong Min Joo ),( Kwang Hyeon Liu ),( Jae Yun Han ),( Sung Hwan Ki ),( Tae Cheon Jeong ),( Tae Ho Lee ),( Sang Kyu L 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2015 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.25 No.-

Cytochrome P450 (cyp) is an important enzyme that can act on xenobiotic substances such as toxic chemicals or drugs. Phenobarbital(PB) has been widely used to induce CYP2B activity to investigate the drug-drug interaction of CTP2B substrate drugs.leelamine is a diterpene compound, and is the current focus of efforts to develop a treatment for diabetes. In this study. we identi-fied the selective and potent inductive effct of leelamine on CYP2B antdoes of 5,10,or 20 mg/kg in male ICR micc for I or 3 days. In liver, the activity of CYP2B significantly increased 3.6-fold after treatment with leelamine,com-pared to vehicle-treated group. Activities of benzyloxy-resorufin O-dealkylase and pentoxyresorufin O-dealkylase significantly increased 6.3-and 5.3-fold, respectively,with a single treatment of 20 mg/kg leelamine for I day. Fur-thermore. immunoblot analysis showed that signifieantly and dose-dependently increased CYP2B10 protein levels in liver.However,PCR results showed that there were no significant changes in the CAR and CYP2B mRNA levels after leelamine treatment. Accordingly, we suggest that leelamine is a novel substitute of PB for the seleetive inudction of CYP2B activity in vivo.

만성 정신질환자 가족의 우울증상 및 관련 요인 조사

심민영,임선진,김진훈,권오향,조성진,김석주,김계현,이병학,한덕현 大韓神經精神醫學會 2008 신경정신의학 Vol.47 No.4

Objectives : It has been reported that caregivers of patients with chronic mental illness including schizophrenia are in higher risk for psychological and physical health problem. This study was performed to evaluate the depressive symptoms and associated factors in caregivers of patients with chronic mental illness. Methods : The subjects were 77 unaffected caregivers (30 parents, 30 siblings, 10 offspring, and 7 spouses) of patients with chronic mental illness (62 schizophrenia, 4 schizoaffective disorder, 11 bipolar disorder) and 100 healthy controls. Depressed mood was assessed by Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) in all subjects. For their sick family members, clinical factors including psychotic symptoms using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), duration of illness, number of admission were assessed. Results : The mean BDI score of the caregivers was significantly higher than that of control subjects (11.2±11.6 and 8.0±17.5). Given that 23.4% of family group and 23.0% of control group are attributed to mild to moderate depressed state and 22.0% of family group and 8.0% of control group to above moderate depressed state, significant depressive symptom is more frequently observed in family group. The mean BDI score of parent group was higher than that of sibling group controlling for sex and age. In the parent group, BDI scores are positively correlated with age while the offspring and spouse group had negative correlation between BDI scores and age. Higher age, lower socioeconomic state, more severe positive symptom scores of patients were potential predictors for BDI scores of caregivers. Conclusion : This study showed that caregivers of patients with chronic mental illness have significant depressive symptoms. It may be suggested that depressive symptoms of caregivers are associated with aging, low socioeconomic state, and severe positive symptom rather than chronicity of their sick family members.

전경대원에서 발생한 결핵의 임상 양상

문창기,박상준,조민구,김영중,김소연,김윤권,정준오,안석진,김은실,서승오,김지훈,최원제,이윤영,박형기,최규영,김현근 대한감염학회 2006 감염과 화학요법 Vol.38 No.6

Background: The purpose of this study was to document the incidence and clinical characteristics of patients with tuberculosis (TB) in combat and auxiliary police, living in a group, in Korea where the incidence rate of active TB in a general population is higher than in Western countries. Materials and Methods:We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all tuberculosis patients diagnosed at National Police Hospital from January 2002 through December 2004. Results:In 2002-2004, a total of 156 cases of tuberculosis were identified with the mean (Standard deviation) age of 20.6 (±1.0) years. Of these, 134 (85.9%) patients were registered as new cases, 11 (7.1%) as relapse, 2 (1.3%) as failure, 5 (3.1%) as treatment-after-default cases whereas 4 (2.6 %) patients were not included in any categories. Average annual new TB rate and smear-positive TB rate were 86.5/10^(5) and 17.4/10^(5) person-years, respectively. In 12 of 31 smear-positive cases, time from onset of symptoms to diagnosis was more than 30 days. Two multidrug-resistance TB cases were identified and two suspected outbreak episodes of TB had occurred during 3 years. Conclusion:There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence rate of new cases of TB between the general population aged 20 to 29 years and combat and auxiliary police in Korea. 배경 : 국내 결핵의 발생은 감소 추세에 있으나 여전히 후진국형 발생양상을 보이고 있다. 특히 집단생활을 하는 젊은이들에서 발생하는 결핵의 유행이 간헐적으로 알려지고 있어 우려를 낳고 있다. 이에 저자들은 최근 전경대원의 결핵 발병 양상에 대해 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 2002년 1월부터 2004년 12월까지 3년간 경찰병원에서 결핵 진료를 받은 전경대원의 의무기록을 후향적으로 분석하여 연도별 결핵 신환발생률, 도말양성결핵 신환율, 진단 지연, 집단발병, 다제내성결핵을 조사하였다. 결과 : 연도별 결핵 신환자 수(10만명당 발생추정치)는 2002년 50명(83.6명), 2003년 42명(83.7명), 2004년 42명(93.5명)이었고 도말양성 폐결핵 신환자 수는 2002년 10명(16.7명), 2003년 11명(21.9명), 2004년 6명(13.4명)이었다. 3년간 도말양성 폐결핵 환자는 31명이 있었고 그 중 12명은 호흡기 증상 발생 30일이 지나서 진단을 받았다. 다제내성 결핵은 2명이 있었으며 결핵의 집단발병이 의심되는 사례는 2차례 있었다. 결론 : 전경대원과 20-29세 연령군 일반인의 결핵 신환발생률, 도말양성 폐결핵 발생률의 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다.

Expression Patterns of HIF-1α Under Hypoxia in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells of Venous Malformations

Chung, Ho Yun,Lee, Seok Jong,Lee, Jong Min,Huh, Seung,Kim, Hyung Kee,Kwon, O Hyun,Lim, Hyun Ju,Oh, Eun Jung,Kim, Tae Jung,O, Teresa M.,Waner, Milton Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. 2015 Annals of plastic surgery Vol.75 No.3

PURPOSE: The molecular pathophysiology of venous malformations (VMs), which are a type of vascular malformation, is poorly understood. Until now, it is known that VM lesions are related to the process of angiogenesis. Because angiogenesis is induced under hypoxic conditions, hypoxia is thought to be important in VM lesion formation. Therefore, we examined the implications of hypoxia on the biological behavior of VM vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). In doing so, we investigated the expression patterns of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), which plays a key role in hypoxia-induced angiogenesis, to provide a further understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in VM. METHODS: Vascular smooth muscle cells from 5 normal veins and 5 VM lesions were cultured under moderate hypoxic conditions (3% O2, 5% CO2). The effects of hypoxia on HIF-1α expression were measured by immunocytochemical staining, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Overall, the expression of HIF-1α in cells was high after exposure to hypoxia for 6 or 12 hours, but decreased after 24 hours of hypoxia. HIF-1α expression in VM VSMCs was 2 times higher than that in normal VSMCs. Immunocytochemically, HIF-1α was mainly located in the nucleus and the intensity in VM VSMCs was stronger after 6 and 12 hours of hypoxia when compared to the expression pattern of HIF-1α in VSMCs from normal tissue. This suggested that VM tissue is more susceptible to the effects of hypoxia than normal tissue. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that the high expression of HIF-1α in VM VSMCs under hypoxic conditions could be an important factor for stimulating downstream angiogenesis in VM. Furthermore, the results of this investigation could provide the basis for future studies of VM pathophysiology, and ultimately lead to the development of new therapeutic approaches.

자기페이스의 운동이 고령여성의 체지방 분포 및 순환계 위험요인에 미치는 영향

김현수,김혜숙,오윤선,송종일 대한비만학회 2000 The Korean journal of obesity Vol.9 No.2

It has been known that the obesity related health risk factors are associated with total adiposity as well as the regional distribution of adipose tissue. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of self-paced aerobic plus resistance exercise program on changes in body composition, in particular abdominal fat, and lipid in thirteen older women. Subjects (65 ~ 78 year) exercised 4 time/week for 12 week. body composition was measured by the impedance method, and regional body composition was assessed by computed tomography. There was little but significant change in body weight (58.6±9.6 vs 57.3±9.6kg, p<0.05), total body fat (34.5±6.8 vs 33.0±5.9%) and subcutaneous fat area (218.3±74.4 vs 213.6±86.4 ㎠) in these subjects. Unexpectedly, visceral fat area was found to increase (115.5±42.0 vs 124.0±49.1 ㎠, p<0.05) after a self-paced exercise program in older women. There were significant changes in the systolic (p<0.01) and diastolic blood pressure (p<0.01), serum levels of total cholesterol (p<0.05) and basal glucose (p<0.05) not in triglyceride. In conclusion, although the internal abdominal adipose tissue and triglyceride did not decrease, these findings provide evidence that self-paced exercise with aerobic and resistance training is an effective intervention to change the subcutaneous fat area and to improve the coronary artery disease risk factors for older persons without diet.

비인강폐쇄부전 환자의 언어교정을 위해 발음 보조장치를 이용한 증례

김은주,고승오,신효근,김현기 한국음성과학회 2002 음성과학 Vol.9 No.4

VPI occurs when the velum and lateral and posterior pharyngeal wall fail to separate the nasal cavity from the oral cavity during deglutition and speech. There are a number of congenital and acquired conditions which result in VPI. Congenital conditions include cleft palate, submucous cleft palate and cogenital insufficiency (CPI). Acquired conditions include carcinoma of the palate or pharynx and neurologic disorders. The speech characteristics of VPI is characterized by hypernasality, nasal air emission, decreased intraoral air pressure, increased nasal air flow, decreased intelligibility. VPI can be treated with various methods that include speech therapy, surgical procedures to reduce the velopharyngeal gap, speech aid prosthesis, and combination of surgery and prosthesis. This article describes four cases of VPI treated by speech aid prosthesis and speech therapy with satisfactory result.

파스콘 및 콘크리트 트로프의 열방출 특성에 관한 연구

김현우,이창우,윤명오,이인섭,박인근 한국화재소방학회 2003 한국화재소방학회논문지 Vol.17 No.2

본 논문은 파스콘 또는 콘크리트 재질의 트로프에 설치되는 전선에 대한 열의 영향과 이들 트로프에 대한 열 방출 정도에 대한 차이점을 이론상으로 접근하고 평가하고자 하였으며, 실제 상황과 근접한 조건으로 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 실시함으로서 두 트로프 내의 전선에 대한 열의 영향과 두 트로프의 열 발산정도를 추정하고 그에 대한 타당성을 입증하고자 하였다. 이에 대한 연구 결과 파스콘의 고유 열전도 값과 콘크리트의 고유 열전도 값을 단순 비교하면 콘크리트 제품의 열 방출량이 우수한 것으로 판단할 수 있으나, 실제 설치되는 두 트로프의 실제 두께와 면적 및 세부 구조를 고려하여 연산 및 시뮬레이션을 실시해 본 결과 파스콘 트로프가 콘크리트 트로프 보다 다소 우위에 있는 것으로 평가되었다. Thermal effects and characteristics of heat release for electrical wire installed in pascon and concrete trough have been theoretically approached and studied in consideration of the structure of products. The points of difference between two troughs have been evaluated by theoretical approach and estimated by computer simulation in similar condition of institution environment. As a result, the average of the intrinsic thermal conductivity of concrete trough is superiority to pascon trough considering only for characteristic of materials. But when considering for institution environment(thickness, area and trough structure etc) as the results of the calculation and computer simulation using FLUENT, the degree of heat release for pascon trough is of advantage to concrete trough.

경희대학교 수원캠퍼스 노천극장 주변 공원 기본계획

김동찬,이윤수,권오원,민창기,김태현,박경모 경희대학교 디자인연구원 2004 예술· 디자인학연구 Vol.7 No.1

We, Kyung-hee University in Suwon has planned to build an open-air theater behind the building of natural science, and feel the need of creating places for cultural life and recreation. As the origin aim of this construction and landscape, university students can use this facilities and place for their daily relaxation and cultivation of emotion, and they also can utilize them for places of their meetings and events. Concerning the following completion of the UN Peace Park, our theater and the surrounding places will expectingly play important roles for the park because the open-air No-cheon theater is included in the full site of the UN Peace park. The focused elements of this basic plan are maintaining the basic plan of the UN Peace Park, forming the visually creative background, of the open-air theater cultural and recreational places, balancing and integrating human, nature, and the useful facilities.

해부실습이 의대생에게 미치는 심리적 영향과 극복과정에 대한 연구

김자예,맹선화,문옥련,유정애,이숙자,이신숙,현민숙 이화여자대학교 의과대학 1977 梨花醫學誌 Vol.- No.9

This study investigated about the adaptive behavior of medical students to specific hardship, i.e., anatomical dissection and its psychological effect upon students. The aim of this study is to help future students to be better equipped to overcome hardship and endure life as a medical students by understanding other students' adaptive behavior. This will, hopefully also, be useful in understanding how human beings keep their personality integreted by adapting themselves to circumstances under stress. The findings are restricted to individual adaptive behavior and the other important mechanisms such as the effect of peer group in adaptive behavior was not explored. The results may be summarized as follows. 1. The success of medical student life differed greatly according to their degree of goal consciousness. The most decisive factor in the degree of goal consciousness of students was the level of voluntary choice of their major field. Interestingly, more female students(58%) reported their own desion in choosing their major field than males(50%). Among the subjects of our study 54% of students came to medical school by their own choice and another 42%, partly by their own choice and partly by recommendations from others. only 4% of them came to medical school by others' pressure. As expected, most of the subjects showed goal consciousness regardless of sex of grade. 2. Most of the subjects found their medical student life difficult. 79% of premedical students and 97% of medical students reported that they were under stress. While female students replied "the atmosphere of medical student life" was the main reason for it, male students reported "the amount of work load" as the main reason. 3. Inspite of circumstance under stress, most of the students adapted themselves to the hardship, i.e., anatomical dissection. Male and female students showed no difference in their capability and ways of adaptive behavior. The most remarkable difference between males and females was their expression of emotional reaction. The ways of adaptation varied among students, some of them adapted to this circumstance affirmatively (as a means to achieve certain ends or with interest and sincerity). The others adapted to it insensibly or mechanically. A few of them could not adapt themselves at all till the end still keeping their nihilistic or guilty feeling. 7% of female students and 11% of male students revealed their inadaptability. The difference between premedical students and medical students was in their horror or guilt toward their objects of anatomical dissection. It may be due to the fact that while the premedical students performed animal dissection, the medical students performed human dissection. 4. The initial psychological conflict the students felt toward the anatomical dissection was varied. Even if students overcome it afterwork, many students doubted the necessity of becoming a medical doctor or of anatomical dissection curriculum itself. Only a few of them experienced no conflict at all. Most of students revealed changes in their life after the anatomical dissection (74% of medical and 41% of premedical students). The most prevalent type of change among male students was "to lead a mechanical way of life" and that among female students was "to be nihilistic". However, there was no change in their religious faith. Furthermore, the change they showed toward human beings was rather more positive. (68% of females vs. 44% of males among premedical students, and 96% of females vs. 74% of males among medical students) Most of students experienced the mysteriousness of human beings and importance of human life. An interesting finding in regard to medical students' personality, 72% of them regarded themselves negatively, such as inhumane, mechanical, or narrow-minded.

레진 시멘트와 상아질 접착제를 사용한 콤포지트 레진 코아의 전단결합강도에 관한 연구

김현오,방몽숙 전남대학교 치의학연구소 2003 구강과학 Vol.15 No.1

The purpose of this study was aimed to compare the shear bond strength on dentin of three dentin bonding agents and two resin cements used in conjunction with self-cured composite resin core material. Control group and six experimental groups were divided for study. Control group was designated as specimens bonded with Tenure A&B^�. And experimental groups were as follows; PB-BL group: specimens bonded with Prime & Bond NT^�, BondLink^� SB-BL group: specimens bonded with SingleBond�, BondLink^� PB group: specimens bonded with Prime & Bond NT^� SB group: specimens bonded with SingleBond^� PF group: specimens bonded with Panavia-F^� Bl group: specimens bonded with Bistite Ⅱ^� All specimens were stored in 37℃ distilled water for 24 hours. followed by the shear bond strength was tested by instron universal testing machine. The data was analysed statistically by Mann-whitney test. The results were as follows : 1. For Prime & Bond NT and SingleBond, the shear bond strength was 0.24 Mpa and 7.19 Mpa each by each, while Tenure A&B group control was measured at 13.93 Mpa (p<0.05). Especially for Prime & Bond NT, it did not get conjunction with dentin. 2. For Prime & Bond NT and SingleBond using BondLink, there was no significant difference as a result of 11.73 Mpa and 14.00 Mpa each by each (p,0.05). 3. For Panavia-F and Bistite Ⅱ, they showed the highest shear bond strength as measured by 18.24 MPa and 16.09 MPa each(p<0.05).