정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

경안면 괴사성 근막염 : 증례보고

박관수,정기훈,김효언,정정권,윤규호,전인성 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2001 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.23 No.1

Necrotizing fasciitis is defined as infectious disease showing extensive necrosis of the superficial fascia with widespread involvement of the surrounding tissues and concurrent systemic toxicity. It is found commonly in the extremities, the trunk and the perineum, but shows extremely rare occurrence in the well vascularized area such as head and neck area. Occurred in the head and neck area, it is called "cervicofacial necrotizing fasciitis" (CFNF). It is a fatal disease which carries a mortality rate up to 60%. Early diagnosis, aggressive surgical debridement of necrotic tissues and massive antibiotics therapy are essential for achieving a favorable outcome. We present a case of cervicofacial necrotizing fasciitis in 35-year-old male patient with literature review.

연접 부호화 기법에 의한 무선 ATM의 성능 개선

조성언,박기식,홍희식 順天大學校 1999 論文集 Vol.18 No.1

In this paper, we have analyzed and simulated the BER and CLP of Wireless ATM(WATM) cells adopting the concatenated FEC technique in Rician fading channel. Also, in Rician fading channel, we have contrived the performance improvement by introducing the fading compensation technique of inserting pilot symbols into the concatenated FEC. From the results, in Rician fading channel, it is known that since the superior BER performance in low ?? results in the divergence when the Viterbi decoder is conducted first, the performance difference of about 2 [dB] occurs between the theory analysis and the simulation. Besides, from the only simulation results, it is known that the system performance adopting the concatenated FEC technique by inserting pilot symbols is improved about 1 [dB] better in terms of ?? than the system performance adopting the only concatenated FEC technique.

MgCl₂溶液內에서 STS 304 HP Stainless Steel 熔接部의 破壞擧動에 對한 硏究

金永奭,丁太權,朴昌彦,洪錫柱,梁仁榮,金基玉,朴煥奎,李茂錫,曺圭宰,鄭在康 조선대학교 생산기술연구소 1983 生産技術硏究 Vol.1983 No.-

This paper is based on an experiment analysing the stress corrosion cracking behaviour of welding specimens compared to that of non-welding specimens of STS 304 HP stainless steel in corrosion solution. As a corrosion condition, stainless steel has been known to be the most fragile in a solution of 42% MgCl₂heated to the boiling point, therefore the experiment was carried out in this condition. The experiment was carried out with argon gas TIG welding specimens and non-welding ones made of stainless steel plates, thickness 2mm, by tensile force. At this time, the tensile force was taken to be the value of the yield strength of the tensile test specimens divided by the safety factor of 3.0 to 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, and 5.0. In this paper, the relations between Time of Initial Crack, Time of Failure, Time of Final Fracture and Crack Propagation Length were investigated and then plotted. Furthermore, the relations between Stress Intensity Factor K proposed by Irwin and the Time of Initial Crack, the Time of Failure, the Time of Final Fracture were calculated and plotted. At the last, all the relations plotted were expressed to normal equations by computer, and the equations were used to analyse the data obtained in the experiment. The conclusions obtained in this study are as follows: 1. Welding materials, compared with non-welding ones, as the Time of Initial Crack, the Time of Failure, and the Time of Final Fracture were generally very fast, appeared to be a phenomenon of unstable brittleness fracture. 2. Non-welding materials, compared with welding ones, as the safety factor was larger or the working stress was smaller, appeared to be a phenomenon that the longer had had greater durability. Therefor, welding materials must be considered enough to be used in heate affected and stress corrosion atmosphere. 3. The normal equations of the Time of Initial Crack and the variation rate to the same Stress Intensity Factor K are as follows: (A) Non-welding T =259702.4-5451.2 K+28.386 K² T = -5451.2+28.386 K (B) Welding T= -332.693+28.043 K-0.211 K² T' =28.043-0.211 K here, T; Time of Initial Crack, T'; Variation Rate of Time of Initial Crack to Stress Intensity Factor K, K ; Stress Intensity Factor.

?? 착물의 구조적 특성

김복조,윤두천,박기훈,주언정,오창언 嶺南大學校 基礎科學 硏究所 1998 基礎科學硏究 Vol.18 No.-

Five-coordinated complex of Cu(Ⅱ) complex, [CuCl(1,10-phenanthroline)₂]·Cl·6H₂O·CH₃OH, was synthesized by adding an aqueous solution of Cu(Ⅱ) to a methanol solution of 1,10-phenanthroline. Its crystal structure was detemined by single crystal X-ray crystallography. Crystal data are are as fllow: [CuCl(phen)₂]·Cl·6H₂O·CH₃OH, monoclinic, space group C2/c (#15), a = 23.309(5), b = 30.270(6), c = 7.491(2) A, B = 97.83(2)˚, V = 5236 A³, Z = 8,2745 data with I >3σ(I) (R = 00.64, Rw = 0.087). In the crystal structure of ??, the Cu(Ⅱ)is five-coordianted with four nitrogen and one chlorine atom. The geometry around Cu(Ⅱ) is somewhat distorted trigonal bipyramid and Cu(Ⅱ) is locted nearly (0.0280 A˚) on the least-squares plane of the two nitrogen atoms and one chlorine atom.

SBA-15에 담지된 전이 금속 촉매상에서 p-Xylene의 불균일 액상 산화반응

김영호,손용배,류재춘,양현수,전기원,박상언 한국공업화학회 2004 공업화학 Vol.15 No.1

화학적으로 개조된 SBA-15 실리카 위에 활성 전이 금속 종들(Co, Mn, Ni, Fe, or Cu)이 담지된 불균일 촉매를 제조하였다. 제도된 촉매상에서 p-xylene의 불균일 액상 산화반응이 손쉬운 촉매 분리를 위한 불균일 공정의 개발 가능성을 검토하기 위하여 수행되었다. SBA-15 위에 결합된 Co 종(Co-SBA-15)은 다른 전이 금속 종들보다 대응하는 방향족 카르복실산으로의 산화 반응에 가장 효과적인 것으로 나타냈다. 더 나아가 Co-SBA-15 촉매상에서 반응시간(0.5~9 h), 반응온도(130~190 ℃), 전압(10~25 atm) 및 산소 분압(1~9 atm)과 같은 반응 변수의 영향을 연구하였다. 높은 전환율에서 고체 생성물인 terephthalic acid의 형성은 매우 낮고 그때 활성점 위에서 고체 생성물의 쌓임으로 인해 촉매가 쉽게 비활성화 되었을지라도, p-toluic acid로는 고려할만한 선택성이 관찰되었다. p-Toluic acid 및 terephthalic acid를 향한 중간 산화 생성물들의 선택성을 기초로 추정된 반응 경로는 균일 Co/Mn 촉매 반응계에서와 비교하여 거의 같다. 이것은 Co-SBA-15 촉매가 균일 촉매적 행동을 하는 불균일 촉매이고 고체 생성물을 생성하지 않는 탄화수소들의 액상 산화반응을 위하여 잘 적용될 수 있을 것임을 시사한다. Active transition metal species (Co, Mn, Ni, Fe, or Cu) supported on a chemically modified SBA015 silica were prepared as heterogeneous catalysts. The heterogeneous liquid phase oxidation of p-xylene on the prepared catalysts was carried out to investigate the possibility of the development of heterogeneous process for easier catalyst separation.The Co species bound on the SBA-15(Co-SBA-15) was found to be the most effective for the oxidation to corresponding aromatic carboxylic acids than the other transition metal species. In addition, the effects of reaction variables such as reaction time(0.5∼9h), reaction temperature (130∼190℃), total pressure (10∼25 atm) and the partial pressure of oxygen (1-9 atm) were studied on the Co-SBA-15 catalyst. At high levels of conversion, the considerable catalytic activities to p-toluic acid were observed, even though formation of terephthalic acid, an solid product, was very low and then the catalyst was easily deactivated due to build--up of solid products on active sites. The proposed reaction network based on the selectivities of intermediate oxidation products for p-toluic and terephthalic acid was similar to that on the homogeneous Co-Mn catalytic reaction system. This indicates that the Co-SBA-15 catalyst is a heterogeneous catalyst which can behave like a homogeneous catalyst and may be well applied to the liquid phase oridation of hydrocarbons without formation of solid products.

Expression of Human β-defensin 2 mRNA by Lipopolysaccharide in Human Corneal Epithelial Cells

Eon-Hee Bae,Keon-Wuk Park,Jong-Wook Kim,Byeong-Churl Jang,Ki-Jo Lim,Tae-Young Jung,Young-Kyu Kwon,Sang-Woo Shin,Sang-Pyo Kim,Jong-Hyun Park,Taeg Kyu Kwon,Won-Ki Baek,Min-Ho Suh,Seong-Il Suh 대한미생물학회 2004 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.34 No.1

Dehydrogenation of Propane over Pd-Composite Membrane

Park, Yong Ki,Park, Sang Eon,Chang, Jong San,Roh, Hyung Seog,Park, Min Seok 한국공업화학회 1999 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.5 No.3

Pd-composite membrane for selective permeation of hydrogen was prepared by the deposition of palladium on the asymmetric γ-A1₂O₃ tube purchased from US Filter corporation using the electroless plating method. The thickness of Pd layer was controlled to be less than 5 ㎛. The membrane exhibited high hydrogen permeabilities as temperature increased, and hydrogen selectivities over nitrogen at 400℃ were in the range of 12∼50 depending on pressure differences. When propane dehydrogenation reaction was carried out over the prepared Pd-composite membrane, propane conversion was 2 times higher than the equilibrium conversion by the alleviation of thermodynamic equilibrium and the reaction temperature of 80℃ as well.

Studies on the Induced Magnetic Anisotropy by Magnetic Annealing for Permalloy Thin Film

Eon Byeong Park,Sung Uk Jang,NoKeun Park,Ji Hong Kim,Ki Hoon Park,Soon-Ju Kwon 한국자기학회 2008 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.- No.-

Abatement of NOx Through the Adsorption - Desorption Cycle Assisted by Microwave Irradiation

Park, Yong Ki,Park, Sang Eon,Roh, Hyun Seog 한국공업화학회 2001 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.7 No.5

Microwave energy was employed for the removal of NO_x, by repetitive adsorption-desorption cycle over La_(0.2)Sr_(o.8)Co_(1.0)O_x(LSC)/H-ZSM-5 adsorbent having dual functions of NO_x adsorption and microwave absorption. The desired desorption temperature in the range from room temperature to 1000 ℃ was achieved successfully within 3 min by the control of LSC loading and microwave input power. The 25% LSC/H-ZSM-5 showed the highest sorption capacity of NO_x, (0.130 mmol/g). It was found that the adsorption-desorption cycles were reversible and no deactivation was observed even after 10 repeated cycles. When the microwave is applied in the desorption step of NO_x, the desorption rate is 5 times faster than that of conventional thermal swing, which resulted in the enriched desorption of NO_x, in percentage order. The desorption rate was further improved by the presence of water and ten times faster rate was obtained over the water adsorbed LSC/H-ZSM-5.