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The Reform of Mutual Aid Associations in Japan: Civil Service Employee Pension Reform in 2012
Katsuya Yamamoto 한국사회복지학회 2016 Asian Social Work and Policy Review Vol.10 No.1
Civil service employee pension reform began by removing non-clerical work from the main body of the Mutual Aid Association (MAA) pension system. Further changes were based on administrative reform and pension jealousy. In particular, the Nakasone cabinet’s administrative reform privatized the non-clerical sector. Before the 1979 reform, the pensionable age was 55 for the MAA and 60 for the Employee Pension Insurance (EPI) scheme. The MAA pension benefit formula adopted the final salary system, which was larger than the average lifetime salary calculation used for EPI benefits. The final salary system was abolished during the 1986 reform. Public employee criticism over “Amakudari” led to further civil service employee remuneration reform in 2005. In 2007, the Social Insurance Agency pension record scandal led to a change of government by 2009. The biggest reform of the MAA pension system was the abolishment of the occupational portion of the pension, a compromise between the government and unions. We project that this compromise will cost 22 trillion yen over 90 years old. After 2055, the newly established MAA pension scheme will be abolished; thus the public pension may finally be sustainable.
Remittances and the Dutch Disease: Evidence from the Republic of Moldova
Katsuya Ito 한국국제경제학회 2017 International Economic Journal Vol.31 No.3
This paper analyzes the linkage between exports, real effective exchange rates, and workers’ remittances in the Republic of Moldova based on impulse response functions through a vector autoregressive model. We find that an inflow of remittances leads to an appreciation of real exchange rate and a decline of exports, but the magnitude is small. Another finding is that the exchange rate appreciation does not affect remittance transfers for the first three-quarters.
Wells Turbine for Wave Energy Conversion
Katsuya Takasaki,Tomohiro Tsunematsu,Manabu Takao,M M Ashraful Alam,Toshiaki Setoguchi 한국유체기계학회 2016 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.9 No.4
The present study reported of the use of special shaped blade to reduce the difference in pressure across the Wells turbine for wave energy conversion. The blade profile was composed of NACA0020 airfoils and trailing edge was notched like chevron. Experiments were performed investigating the influence of trailing edge shape on the turbine performance. Four notch depths were used to investigate the effect of depth of cut on the turbine performance. As results, by placing a notch-cut at the trailing edge of the blade, it was possible to reduce the pressure difference across the turbine without lowering the efficiency. In addition, the pressure difference substantially reduced at a constant rate with the increase of the cut ratio.
Development of An Intelligent Traffic Light for Reducing Traffic Accidents
Katsuya Matsuzaki,Masuhiro Nitta,Kiyotaka Kato 제어로봇시스템학회 2008 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.10
Increase of a traffic accident is recognized as a social problem, hence reduction of he accidents now becomes an urgent task. This paper places a special emphasis on saving pedestrians at blind intersections because the death rate of the pedestrian at the blind intersection is high. To prevent the accident, the paper proposes a notion of the intelligent traffic light. In case that a car and a human are in danger of collision at the intersection, the intelligent traffic light makes the corresponding car stop autonomously by transmitting a warning signal. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed traffic system, we substituted a mobile robot for a car. As for the intersection, we installed a radio transmitter with a car approaching sensor and a human detection sensor. As for the mobile robot, we installed a radio receiver and a car control unit. Experimental results indicated that the mobile robot stopped autonomously before the collision and pedestrians would not be injured. But the mobile robot stopped suddenly because the present system did not pay mind to the safety of drivers. This paper thus considers the deceleration curve so that cars stop smoothly. As the result of experiments, the proposed system is applicable enough to the real environment.
Katsuya Saito,Takakazu Ushioda,Takahiro Miyata,Keita Mayanagi,Koki Kato,Joji Inamasu,Masashi Nakatsukasa 대한뇌혈관외과학회 2023 Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neuros Vol.25 No.3
We describe a rare case of sacral epidural arteriovenous fistulas (edAVFs) with atypical clinical course of treatment. A 78-year-old man with a history of spinal surgery presented progressive gait disturbance and urinary incontinence. Spinal angiography demonstrated a sacral spinal AVF fed by bilateral lateral sacral arteries, draining to the venous pouch with subdural drainage. The first treatment by direct interruption of a subdural drainer was incompletely finished. Postoperative reassessment by 3D imaging analysis led to the diagnosis of sacral edAVF and 3D understanding of its angioarchitecture. The second treatment by transarterial embolization (TAE) resulted in complete occlusion of a sacral edAVF. However, spinal venous congestion didn’t improve, because the recruitment of occult edAVFs at the multiple lumbar levels and complex-shaped sacral ventral epidural venous plexus (VEP) were involved in the remnant of prior subdural drainage. The third treatment was performed by TAE for three occult edAVFs and the VEP compartment connecting between a patent edAVF and subdural drainage, which resulted in complete disappearance of spinal cord edema. Endovascular embolization of VEP compartment connecting to subdural drainage in addition to fistulous occlusion may be one of the treatment options for several edAVFs at the multiple spinal levels.
Katsuya Hirachi,Mutsuo Nakaoka 전력전자학회 2003 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.3 No.4
The rapid expansion of small computers over the last 10-odd years has brought about great changes in the circumstances affecting UPSs. There are strong demands that UPSs become much smallei and lighter, and more economical, which has resulted m the wide application of tbe circuit topology without transformer A disadvantage of such UPS topology is that the DC link voltage is very high, which invites decreased reliability and increased cost of battery bank Some circuit configurations were proposed to eliminate this disadvantage, but they still had problems In this paper, a novel circuit configuration which eliminates these problems is proposed and evaluated by the experimental results of prototype UPS.