직장 카르시노이드 종양에서 Ki-67 발현의 예후적 중요성

홍수민 ( Su Min Hong ),김유선 ( You Sun Kim ),문정섭 ( Jung Seop Moon ),김진남 ( Jin Nam Kim ),오명기 ( Myoung Ki Oh ),권선옥 ( Sun Ok Kwon ),정성연 ( Seong Yeon Jeong ),홍성우 ( Seong Woo Hong ),강윤경 ( Yun Kyung Kang ) 대한소화기학회 2013 대한소화기학회지 Vol.61 No.2

Background/Aims: Rectal carcinoid tumors can be resected with endoscopy, and it is important to assess their prognostic factors. We evaluated the potential of Ki-67 expression as a prognostic factor in rectal carcinoid tumors. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 37 patients with rectal carcinoid tumors who got endoscopic resection from January 2001 to January 2011 at Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital. We analyzed their endoscopic and histologic findings, Ki-67 expression, clinical outcome, and prognosis. Results: The mean age (±SD) of the patients was 56.3±10.7 years, and the male : female ratio was 3.6:1. The mean tumor size was 0.5±0.4 cm, 33 patients showed grade 1 tumors (89.2%) and the average Ki-67 expression was 0.7±1.2%. Thirty five patients underwent endoscopic mucosal resection, and two required endoscopic submucosal dissection. Eight patients had positive margins after resection, but no cases of lymphovascular invasion were identified. The median follow-up duration was 21.4±25.4 months, and no recurrences were observed. Conclusions: In low grade rectal carcinoid tumors which are lack of central depression on colonoscopy, the expression of a molecular marker of malignant potential, Ki-67, was low. Therefore, endoscopic resection seemed to be a safe and effective treatment for these tumors.

The impact of pathologic differentiation (well/ poorly) and the degree of Ki-67 index in patients with metastatic WHO grade 3 GEP-NECs.

Kim, Seung Tae,Lee, Su Jin,Lee, Jeeyun,Park, Joon Oh,Park, Young Suk,Lim, Ho Yeong,Kang, Won Ki Grune & Stratton 2017 Journal of clinical oncology Vol.35 No._suppl15

<P> e15686 </P><P> Background: Herein, we investigated the impact of pathologic differentiation (well or poorly differentiated) in metastatic grade 3 GEP-NEC patients receiving etoposide and platinum-based therapy. Simultaneously, we evaluated a more exact Ki67 index cut-off point to select patients with grade 3 GEP-NEC who might benefit from etoposide plus platinum (EP)-based therapy. Methods: Among patients pathologically diagnosed with metastatic grade 3 GEP-NECs at Samsung Medical Center between June 2013 and March 2016, 31 GEP-NEC patients receiving etoposide and platinum-based therapy were included in this study. Results: Primary sites included 13 foregut-derived GEP-NECs [stomach (n = 4), duodenum (n = 4), and pancreas (n = 5)] and 2 hindgut-derived GEP-NECs of the rectum. Sixteen unclassified GEP-NECs originated from 7 gall-bladder (GB), 6 liver and 3 unknown primary sites. According to pathologic differentiation, 14 patients had well differentiated and 17 had poorly differentiated grade 3 GEP-NECs. Between well differentiated and poorly differentiated grade 3 GEP-NECs, there was a significant difference in the distribution of Ki67 index. There was no significant difference of treatment efficacy between well and poorly differentiated grade 3 GEP-NECs (RR; 35.7% vs. 41.2%, p = 0.525). Tumor response to EP occurred in 5 of 7 patients with Ki67 > 60% and 7 of 24 with Ki67≤60%, which was significantly different (RR; 71.4% vs. 29.2%, P = 0.043). There was no significant difference in PFS according to pathologic differentiation (well differentiated vs. poorly differentiated) and Ki67 index ( > 60% vs ≤60%). Conclusions: Grade 3 GEP-NECs could be morphologically classified into well and poorly differentiated NETs. Additionally, among grade 3 GEP-NECs, there was a significant difference in ranges of Ki67 index between well and poorly differentiated NECs. Higher levels ( > 60%) of Ki67 index might be a predictive marker for efficacy of EP as a standard regimen in grade 3 GEP-NECs. </P>

불포화 레시틴을 이용한 나노리포좀 개발에 관한 연구

강기춘,이청희,왕수환,이천일,표형배,정노희 한국공업화학회 2004 응용화학 Vol.8 No.1

Nowadays many products using nano-technology have been released and nano-technology would be more prospected in all kinds of industries especially cosmetic manufacturing and ingredient fields. In cosmetics, the saturated lecithin, one of the main surfactants to make liposome, has been used for its stability but it has been substituting by unsaturated lecithin which has excellent skin affinity and penetration. So we studied to develop nano-liposome below 50㎚ with unsaturated lecithin. To make stable nano-liposome, many factors including solvent like propylene glycol, pH balance, homogenizing pressure and liposome stabilizer like surfactant are important especially stearate series surfactants have positive effect in liposome size and long term stability. But in liposome with saturated lecithin, surfactant has negative effect and appropriate amount of oil should be used to be stable. So we could conclude that unsaturated lecithin is suitable than saturated lecithin to make nano-liposome.

학교체육과 지역사회체육의 연계실태와 실천방안

강전민,가경환,권창기,윤해철,손수범,변해심,신민철 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.6

This study was formed the basis of propelling for being closely connecting between School PE(Physical Education) and Local Society Exercise for regarding the cooperation possibility depending on the actual situation. From this, it is helpful for evaluating the total understanding of the present condition form School PE and Local Society Exercise and grasping the realities concretely. To gain the above result, the subject of study is on 48 agencies among 50 agencies that include 30 elementary and middle schools, 15 government offices, 5 YMCA offices. After investigating the plan of providing physical activity program except result PE class and the connecting program with School PE and its activation, it comes to the conclusion below this. There is the period of possible time for propelling the cooperating model at School and Local Society PE which is special activity class after school, club activity class, discretional activity class and the vacation, weekends. And also there are many participating agencies that are school, local society, public sports center and community, the youth group, local autonomous entity PE post, prfessional physical association and community, city and countries Education Office and the sports-lover's group etc. So far, the connecting program is operated at 24 agencies which are 3 elementary school(30%), 5 middle school(50%), 4 high school(40%)m 7 government office(70%), 5 YMCA office(80%). As the reason of non-operating it, the first is the lack of the charger, spare time and considering teacher's advantage when time is arranged at the teacher and leader's part. The second is the falling behind facility and the lack of place and appliance for practicing. The third is the insufficient of connecting program at program part and increasingly number of students who are individual participating at the side of local society physical agency at school. The forth is the lack of finances for running at economy part and overpaying of using fee. The fifth is the lack of the activity time at the elementary school and putting first in importance the exam for university enterance at middle and high school. The sixth is the parents and principals and school committee have little understanding of the physical educating in common at recognition part. The seventh is the cooperating company's preparation is not enough and incomplete relation each other. Looking into the opinion for activating plan of connecting program which is classified into common contents, the result is presented the same reaction both of them that the professional leader arrangement is needed at teacher and leader's part. At the facility expansion and open program part is required for a various program. In the case of school at economy condition part, more cheaper than expenses for facilities is needed and also the renovation of the education system And at the recognition part, the positive attitude of school is needed. At the safety part, the solution of safety problem for responsibility is needed. At the administration part, the support for professional agency and the change of systemic role for connecting agency.

輸入開放下의 農水産物 加工産業의 育成政策 方向

姜洙基 韓國農業政策學會 1993 농업경영정책연구 Vol.20 No.1

견인골 신장술을 이용한 안모 비대칭 환자 치험례

태기출,강경화,이수행,유석근 대한치과교정학회 2003 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.33 No.5

견인골 신장술은 막내골화를 유도하는 조직 공학으로, 두개안면기형영역에서 치료는 지난 10년간 지속되었다. 본 연구는 하악지를 절단한 후 구강내 견인장치를 사용하여 안모 비대칭을 치료한 증례이다. 안모 비대칭 환자를 치료하는데 섬세하게 견인골 신장술을 이용하면 성장기와 성장이 끝난 환자에게서 효율적인 치료방법으로 생각된다. Distraction osteogenesis is a well estabilished procedure of membraneous hone formation and has been used to correct craniofacial deformities in dentofacial orthopedic surgery area for decades. In this article, distraction osteogenesis is used for treatment of facial asymmetry. The patient underwent procedures to lengthen the mandibular ramus and body. After distraction, orthodontic treatment was done for occlusal settling.

무선 애드 혹 기반 액티브네트워크상에서 QoS지원에 관한 연구

李基源,裵振勝,丁燦赫,金玄郁,李光培,姜景仁,朴京培,文泰洙,郭承郁,河載承 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2003 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.22 No.-

Abstract - In this thesis, we propose a QoS supporting method on wireless ad hoc-based active network for improving reliability. On the loss of route path, the existing DSR routing protocol has several problems with wireless network communication because of decease of data reception rate and increase of network load. The proposed method improves reliability of data transfer by using functions of active network. That is, by using functions of active nodes and active packets, the proposed method supports QoS with reservation transfer method that saves data packets on transfer at intermediate nodes with lost path and then re-transmit the packets after route reconfiguration.

BMP test를 통한 음폐수와 하수슬러지의 병합소화 특성 평가

이수영ㆍ윤영삼ㆍ강준구ㆍ김기헌ㆍ신선경(Su young LeeㆍYoung Sam YoonㆍJun Gu KangㆍKi Heon KimㆍSun Kyoung Shin) 유기성자원학회 2016 유기물자원화 Vol.24 No.1

혐기성 소화의 주요 조건 중 하나인 C/N비의 경우 하수슬러지는 5.40으로 낮게 나타난 반면 음폐수(Food waste leachate)는 21.84로 높게 나타났다. C/N비가 낮을 경우 혐기성소화의 저해 요인으로 작용될 수 있기 때문에 음폐수의 높은 유기물 농도 및 C/N 비를 활용하여 메탄가스 발생량 증가시킬 수 있었다. Tchobanoglous이 제안한 이론적 메탄가스 발생량 예측수식을 적용하여 메탄 및 바이오가스 발생량을 산정한 결과 하수슬러지 단일 혐기소화의 경우 305.6 mLㆍCH4/gㆍVS, 689.4 mLㆍCH4/gㆍVS의 메탄, 바이오가스가 발생하였고 음폐수 : 하수슬러지를 1:9로 혼합한 시료는 약 322 mLㆍCH4/gㆍVS, 3:7시료에서는 약 354 mLㆍCH4/gㆍVS, 5:5시료에서는 약 386 mLㆍCH4/gㆍVS의 메탄가스가 발생하는 것으로 분석되었다. BMP 실험 결과 1:9, 3:7, 5:5 비율로 병합 처리한 경우 각각 약 233, 298, 344 mLㆍCH4/gㆍVS의 메탄가스가 발생하였다. 따라서 음폐수의 혼합비율이 높아질수록 메탄가스 발생량은 증가하였고 하수슬러지와 음폐수의 혼합 비율에 따른 병합처리 시 하수슬러지 단독처리에 비해 다량의 메탄가스가 발생되었다. BMP 실험을 통해 생산된 메탄가스의 누적생산 곡선을 Modified Gompertz model과 first order kinetic model에 적용하여 추정한 결과, 메탄생성량은 Modified Gompertz model에서는 238.5, 302.3, 353.6 mL/gㆍVS 발생하였고 first order kinetic model에서는 242.8, 312.5, 365.5 mL/gㆍVS로 음폐수와의 혼합비율이 증가할수록 높게 나타났으며, 최대 메탄생성속도의 경우 3:7비율에서 48.2 mL/gVSㆍday로 최대 메탄생성 속도를 보였다. first order kinetic model의 1차 반응속도상수 k값은 1:9, 3:7, 5:5 비율에 따라 0.32, 0.22, 0.08day-1 나타났다. 1차 반응속도 상수의 경우 음폐수의 혼합비율이 낮을수록 높게 나타났다. Modified Gompertz와 first order kinetic model 모두 실험결과를 잘 모사하였으며, 실험결과와 모의결과의 적합도를 나타내는 상관계수(R2)의 경우 0.92∼0.98으로 높은 상관성을 나타내었다. We mix food waste leachate and sewage sludge by the proportion of 1:9, 3:7 and 5:5. It turns out that they produced 233, 298 and 344 CH4ㆍmL/gㆍVS of methane gas. The result suggests that as the mixing rate of food waste leachate rises, the methane gas productions increases as well. And more methane gas is made when co-digesting sewage sludge and food waste leachate based on the mixing ratio, rather than digesting only sewage sludge alone. Modified Gompertz and Exponential Model describe the BMP test results that show how methane gas are produced from organic waste. According to the test, higher the mixing rate of food waste leachate is, higher the methane gas productions is. The mixing ratio of food waste leachate that produces the largest volume of methane gas is 3:7. Modified Gompertz model and Exponential model describe the test results very well. The correlation values(R2) that show how the results of model prediction and experiment are close is 0.92 to 0.98.

두개안면이골증의 두 증례

류수경,강기현,고광준 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2004 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.34 No.3

Craniofacial dysostosis is considered to be one of rarely observed syndromes characterized by premature closing of all cranial sutures. The first patient was a 4-year-old male infant who had been complaining of empyema. Clinical findings showed exophthalmos, hypertelorism and facial asymmetry. Conventional radiographs demonstrated abscence of cranial sutures and underdeveloped maxilla. CT scan demonstrated the digital impressions of the inner surface of the cranial vault, enlarged and depressed sella turcica. The second patient was a 2-year-old female infant who had been complaining of facial deformity. Clinical findings showed hypertelorism and underdeveloped maxilla. Radiographs showed premature synostosis of all cranial sutures, depressed and enlarged sella turcica, and hypoplastic maxilla. 3 years after operation, her look improved. However, resurgery may be considered to decreasing intracranial pressure and for correction of facial deformity. Two interesting cases showing ‘cloverleaf’ skulls were presented.

國語 표현교육 方法論 硏究 : 廣告 표현교육을 중심으로

소강춘,김진무,황호석,성기수,김원진 전주대학교 교육문제연구소 2001 敎育論叢 Vol.16 No.-