원시적 지속성 삼차신경동맥 동맥류 : 증례보고 A Case Report

강현승,한대희,권오기,오창완,정희원,최길수 대한신경외과학회 1997 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.26 No.5

유방선암의 유형에 따른 c-erbB-2, p53, bcl-2, 그리고 c-myc의 발현

강영근,조현득,오미혜,김의한,양승하 순천향의학연구소 2006 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.12 No.2

Breast carcinoma is a common malignant tumor in female of the korea. Various oncogenes have been found in malignant tumor cells. There were many reports or correlation between the prognosis of patients and c-erbB-2, p53, bcl-2, and c-myc, but is controversial. We performed immunohistochemical stain for above antigenic protein for 80 cases of breast carcinoma and evaluated expression rate of each antigens, and we compared their correlation with prognosis of patients. The results were as follow; 1) The expression rates in breast carcinoma was c-erbB-2 80%, p53 56.3%, bcl-2 51.3% and c-myc 53.8%. 2) c-erbB-2 showed no significant difference according to histologic types, grade, and lymph node metastatic status of breast carcinoma. 3) p53 showed higher expression rate in metastatic cases compared to non-metastatic cases, and it showed higher expression rate according to increasing of grade without significant difference. There is no significant difference according to types. 4) The expression rate of bcl-2 in breast carcinoma be lowed according to increasing of grade. There was no significant difference according to types, side, and status of lymph node metastasis. 5) c-myc showed higher expression rate in non-metastatic cases compared to and metastatic cases, and it showed decreasing expression rate according to increasing of grade without significant difference. There is no significant difference according to types. 6) p53 and bcl-2 in breast carxinoma showed reverse corre1ation(P < 0.05), and bc1-2 and c-myc showed close correlation without statiscally significance. Above results showed that p53 may be related to poor prognosis of the patients and c-myc may be related good prognosis in breast carcinoma. There was reverse correlation between p53 and bcl-2 and bcl-2 and c-myc may be correlated closely. c-erbB-2 and bcl-2 showed no interrelation to prognosis.

수종보익제가 면역세포의 조절 및 Apoptosis에 미치는 영향

한종현,강성용,정현우,오찬호,권진,은재순 대한본초학회 1997 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.12 No.1

The effects of several tonifying prescriptions on the apoptosis of transplanted L1210 cells and the regulation of immune cells in L1210-transplanted mice were studied. Sa-Mul-Tang(SMT), Sa-Kunja-Tang(SKT), Sipjeon-Daebo-Tang(SDT) accelerated the apoptosis of transplanted L1210 cells, and SMT and SKT reduced the mitochondrial transmembrane potential of transplanted L1210 cells. SMT promoted the proliferation of thymocytes and splenocytes in L1210-transplanted mice. Whereas SMT increased CD8+ T_c/T_S cell, Bojung-Ikki-Tang(BIT) decreased CD4+ T_H cell population in the thymocytes of L1210-transplanted mice. SMT and SKT increased the lucigenin chemiluminescence from peritoneal macrophage of L1210-transplanted mice. These results indicate that SMT and SKT have an inductive action of apoptosis of transplanted L1210 cells and peritoneal macrophage activation.

부안 유천리 도자기의 과학적 분석

강현삼,이한형,박기철,김건한,서만철,서정호,최기영 공주대학교 문화재보존과학연구소 2003 문화재과학기술 Vol.2 No.1

전북 부안 유천리 청자요지에서 수습된 청자편 11점의 태토 및 유약에 대하여 화학조성을 분석하고, 기 발표되어진 문헌의 청자데이터들을 종합하여, 이와 비교함으로써 본 시료의 도자특성과 및 산지에 대한 정보를 유추하였다. 태토의 주요산화물 분석에는 XRF를 이용하였으며, 유약의 주요산화물분석에는 EPMA를 이용하였다. 태토 중 17개 미량성분의 분석에는 ICP-MS를 이용하였고, 자료의 비교분석에는 Seger식에 의한 방법과 주성분분석법에 의한 통계처리방법을 병행하였다. 태토의 주요산화물에 대한 비교분석결과 유천리 청자는 Seger 식과 주성분분석에서 RO_(2)와 RO+R_(2)O가 6~8 및 0.3~0.38 mole로, 또 높은 SiO_(2)함량과 낮은 Na_(2)O, CaO의 함량으로 전북지역의 데이터 범위에 분포함을 볼 수 있었다. 유약의 주요산화물에 대한 비교분석결과에서는 Seger식과 주성분분석에서 모두 명확한 지역구분이 나타나지 않았으며, 따라서 유천리 청자 역시 명확한 지역적 특성을 구분하기 어려웠다. 태토중 미량성분의 주성분분석에 의한 통계처리결과 광주 충효동 도편들을 제외하고는 뚜렷한 지역간의 구분을 관찰하기 어려웠다. The characterization of chemical properties and analogy of manufactured origin for the eleven celadon sherds collected in Yuchunri, Buan were performed by analyzing their body and glaze compositions and compared with previous data reported. The chemical compositions of the body and glaze were determined by XRF and EPMA, respectively. The trace elements of the body were also determined by ICP-MS. The Seger analysis and PCA were used to compare the major compositions of body and glaze of the potteries we found with previous data. The Celadon sherds from Yuchunri are distributed in a range of Chonnam potteries considering RO_(2) and RO+R_(2)O are 6~ 8 and 0.3 ~O.38mole, respectively and also high in SiO_(2) and low in Na_(2)O and CaO concentrations in the comparison between the potteries for the major compositions of the body. Differences of the chemical characteristics of those potteries between the provinces were not clear in comparison of the glaze compositions and trace element of the body.

병원 도착 전 사망 환자의 사인기재에 관한 고찰

강용선,이경룡,박인철,조광현,김승호,이한식 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.4

Background: To the emergency physician, issuing a death certificate is becoming a burden as the DOAs(Deaths on Arrival) have increased in recent years. We analyzed the agreement on the causes of death issued by emergency physicians and attempted to find out whether emergency physicians complied with the guidelines for issuing death certificates. Material & Method: A survey questionnaire containing twelve pre-selected DOA cases which were supplemented with relevant past medical history and physical examination was used. The cases, with varying causes of death, were chosen from the medical records of DOA patients who presented to the emergency department at Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, from January 1997 to December 2000. The questionnaires were sent to 60 emergency physicians(22 specialists and 38 residents) at 22 university-affiliated teaching hospitals and 2 general hospitals across the nation. They were asked to identify the most probable direct cause of death for each of the 12 cases. The same questionnaire was sent to medical examiners at the National Institute of Scientific Investigation and to a Korean emergency physician at Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York, USA. We also included an open question about the optimal age for the use of 'senility' as a cause of death. Results: All 60 emergency physicians responded to the survey. The average number of causes of death per case was 9.7(7∼ 14). The range of concordance of causes of death was 23.3% to 66.6%. Out of a total of 720 causes of death given by the emergency physicians,35(4.9%) failed to adhere to the death certification guidelines, Also, 210 causes of death were not listed in the Korean classification of standard causes of death. Interestingly, the medical examiner answered 'unknown etiology' and the emergency physician in the USA answered 'cardiopulmonary arrest' or 'respiratory arrest' in most cases. Regarding 'senility' as a cause of death, 22 physicians(36.7%) thought the optimal age was over 80 years. Conclusion: A significant lack of agreement exists in determining the cause of death for the DOA patients arriving at emergency departments, Therefore, an all-out effort is essential to find ways to improve and resolve this situation. As the death certificate is a legal document and a basis for vital statistics, emergency physician should seek a rational consensus to improve and resolve these inconsistencies.

급성 담낭염에 대한 내과적 치료의 역할

강성원,조한래,한설해,박현주,정인성,홍선미,김성걸,이헌영 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1993 충남의대잡지 Vol.20 No.2

In 58 patients who were admitted to department of internal medicine, ChungNam national university hospital from January 1989 to March, 1993. We evaluated for medical treatments and the following results were obtained. 1) The ratio of male and female was 1 : 1 and mean age of the patients was 57.4 years. 2) At arrival on hospital, the most common clinical symptom was pain in right upper quadrant and epigastrium(93.1%), the remainders were fever and chill(79.3%), nausea(51.7%) and vomiting(36.2 %) in order of frequency. 3) The most common physical findings was tenderness on the right upper quadrant and epaigastrium(98%), the remainders were jaundice(50%) and palpable gall bladder(13.8%) in order of freguency. 4) In laboratory examination, elevated levels of ESR(82.8%), leukocytosis(67.2%), elevated levels of AST(62.0%), ALT(50.0%), serum total bilirubin(51.7%) and alkaline phosphatase (43.1%) were noted. 5) The mean period of NPO was 3.9 days and the mean hospital period was 13.5 days. 6) The rates of combined complications in patients with acute cholecystitis were 17.2%; these are gall bladder empyema(5.2%), hydrops(5.2%), perforation(3.4%), sepsis(3.4%) and intestinal obstruction (1.7%). 7) In 96.6 percent of 58 cases, the symptoms of acute cholecystitis were improved by conservative management. 8) The mean follow-up period was 25.5 months and the recurrence rate was 10% during this period.

우리나라 여성의 삶의 질에 관한 연구

강한솔,정수현,황은진,이정주,노승용 서울여자대학교 여성연구소 2011 여성연구논총 Vol.26 No.-

People are getting more interested in their “quality of life” as they achieved certain level of economic development. Governments pay great attention on well-being and happiness of people as well and try to find the best way to improve citizens' quality of life. However, South Korea is still on 27th out of 39 OECD and G20 countries in quality of life index, which means that there are great needs to improve Koreans' quality of life. Moreover, it is expected that Korean women's quality of life might be worse than this in its patriarchal environments. In fact, there are few research regarding Korean women's quality of life and it is unknown what personal and social factors affect Korean women's quality of life and how we can improve it. This research attempts to find out factors related to Korean women's quality of life through the surveys of 536 Korean women. The results show that quality of life is most influenced by factors such as self-fulfillment, socio-economic independence, satisfaction with the residence, and satisfaction with cultural activities. In addition, happiness of Korean womem is greatly affected by various factors such as mental health, interpersonal relationship, self-respect, self-fulfillment, socio-economic independence, satisfaction with the residence, and satisfaction with cultural activities. Among various factors related to quality of life and happiness of Korean women, scores of self-respect, self-fulfillment, and interpersonal relationship are high, while scores regarding income are relatively low. Key words:Quality of Life, Happiness, Maslow

시민참여와 정부신뢰

정수현,강한솔,황은진,이정주,노승용 서울여자대학교 사회과학연구소 2012 사회과학논총 Vol.19 No.-

이 연구는 시민참여와 정부신뢰와의 관계를 분석하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여, 이 연구에서는 시민참여를 전통적인 오프라인 시민참여와 디지털 방식인 온라인 시민참여로 그 유형을 분류하고, 오프라인 시민참여와 온라인 시민참여의 경험이 정부신뢰와 어떤 관계가 있는지를 분석하였다. 2차 자료를 활용하여 빈도분석, 교차분석, t-test, 분산분석, 회귀분석 등을 실시한 결과 먼저, 우리나라 시민참여 경험자는 약 22% 정도이며, 오프라인 시민참여 경험자는 약 12%, 온라인 시민참여 경험자는 약 15%, 그리고 온라인과 오프라인 시민참여를 모두 경험한 시민은 약 5% 정도인 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 시민참여와 정부신뢰와는 관계를 분석한 결과 통계적으로 유의미한 관계가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 오히려, t-test 및 분산분석 결과 오프라인 및 온라인 시민참여 경험자에 비하여 무경험자의 정부신뢰 수준이 상대적으로 약간 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 시민참여의 경험 유무 만으로 정부신뢰를 설명하는데는 한계가 있음을 보여 주는 결과일 뿐만 아니라 시민참여를 제도적으로 보장하는 것에서 나아가서 시민참여가 실질적 효과를 높일 수 있도록 시민참여과정에서 정부와 시민의 보다 적극적인 노력이 필요함을 보여주는 결과라 하겠다. Trust in government adds legitimacy to political system, provides social stability, and helps government to work effectively. In addition it increases cooperation between governments and citizens, and improves effectiveness of government affairs. However, citizens' trust in government has been quite low sine 1990s. In Korea, citizens' trust in government dropped after financial crisis in late 1990s. Various literatures indicated that citizen participation is one of the best ways to increase citizens' trust in governments. Especially as information technology increases, it is expected that citizens acquire information about different policy areas, and actively participate in surveys, discussion, and policy evaluation through internet. This research attempts to prove the relationship between citizen participation and trust in government by comparing online and offline citizen participation. The research utilized 2nd dataset from 'the influence of information on citizens' participation in policy-making.' With various statistical techniques such as frequency analysis, cross tabulation, ANOVA, and regression analysis, the characteristics of offline and online policy participants are examined. The results showed that citizens, who participate in policy-making processes more actively both online and offline, trust in government less. Comparing online and offline participation, online participants distrusted government more than offline participants. Such variables as policy competitiveness, democracy in government, quality of government, and transparency in government have direct influences on trust in government. However, citizen participation is not statistically significant. Key Words:Citizen Participation, Traditional Citizen Pariticipation, Digital Citizen Participation, Trust in Government.

축분의 퇴비화를 위한 최적 환경조건

한동준,강현재,임재명 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 1993 産業技術硏究 Vol.13 No.-

The composting process is a suitable to dispose the livestock manure in terms of resources recovery. However the performence of composting process is greatly affected by the environmental conditions such as characteristics of manure, type of the bulking agent, initial moisture contents, temperature, recylcle and so on. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the optimum environmental conditions of composting process for livestock manures. The analytical results indicated that no bulking agent was necessary for the cow manure because of the proper C/N ratio. However the pig manure required a bulking agent since the pig manure had not only low in C/N ration but poor ventilation characteristics. In addtion, the initial miosture content for optimum composting appeared to be about 60%. The temperature control was also an essential factor to enhance the activity of thermophilic microorganisms in the laboratory composting unit. It was further found that the recycle of composts may contributed the completion of composting precess as well as C/N ratio reduction and moisture control.

1-MCP처리가 '신고'배의 저장에 미치는 영향

한현희,강충길,이정명 경희대학교식량자원개발연구소 2005 硏究論文集 Vol.24 No.-

1-MCP 처리가 '신고' 배품종의 상온저장시의 품질에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 실험을 실시하였다. 수확된 '신고' 배를 1-MCP 1 ppm의 농도로 수확당일, 수확후 1일, 수확후 2일에 각각 처리하고 이후에는 20±2℃의 실온에서 포장 저장하면서 품질관현 요인을 검정하였다. 초기 조사일의 과중에 대한 중간 조사일의 과중감소율에서는 5주차에 수확 1일후 1-MCP 처리구가 가장 감소율이 적었다. 당도에서는 처리간에 차이가 없었다. 경도와 부패과에서는 처리 5주차에서 1-MCP 처리구들이 무처리에 비해 뚜렷하게 경도와 부패과가 적게 발생하였다. 산도에서는 실험 5주차에 무처리가 다른 1-MCP 처리구보다 높았다. 결론적으로 수확직후의 1-MCP처리는 '신고' 배의 저장기간 연장에 효과적이었다. This study was carried out to find out the effects of 1-MCP treatment on the fruit quality of 'Niitaka' pear under room temperature storage conditions. With 1-MCP treatment one day after harvest, the lowest percentage of decrease in the fruit fresh weight was obtained at 5 weeks after the treatment. Soluble solids contents of MCP-treated fruit did not show significant differences among treatments. In comparison with the control, all of 1-MCP treatments showed a slow decrease in fruit firmness and low percentages in rotten fruit rate at 5 weeks after the treatment. At 5 weeks after the treatment, the fruit juice acidity of the control was higher than those from other 1-MCP treatments.