Effects of various cone-beam computed tomography settings on the detection of recurrent caries under restorations in extracted primary teeth

Kıvanç Kamburoğlu,Gül Sönmez,Zeynep Serap Berktaş,Hakan Kurt,Doĝukan Özen 대한영상치의학회 2017 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.47 No.2

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the ex vivo diagnostic ability of 9 different cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) settings in the detection of recurrent caries under amalgam restorations in primary teeth. Materials and Methods: Fifty-two primary teeth were used. Twenty-six teeth had dentine caries and 26 teeth did not have dentine caries. Black class II cavities were prepared and restored with amalgam. In the 26 carious teeth, recurrent caries were left under restorations. The other 26 intact teeth that did not have caries served as controls. Teeth were imaged using a 100×90-mm field of view and a 0.2-mm voxel size with 9 different CBCT settings. Four observers assessed the images using a 5-point scale. Kappa values were calculated to assess observer agreement. CBCT settings were compared with the gold standard using a receiver operating characteristic analysis. The area under the curve (AUC) values for each setting were compared using the chi-square test, with a significance level of α=.05. Results: Intraobserver kappa values ranged from 0.366 to 0.664 for observer 1, from 0.311 to 0.447 for observer 2, from 0.597 to 1.000 for observer 3, and from 0.869 to 1 for observer 4. Furthermore, interobserver kappa values among the observers ranged from 0.133 to 0.814 for the first reading and from 0.197 to 0.805 for the second reading. The highest AUC values were found for setting 5 (0.5916) and setting 3 (0.5886), and were not found to be statistically significant (P>.05). Conclusion: Variations in tube voltage and tube current did not affect the detection of recurrent caries under amalgam restorations in primary teeth.

Examining Knowledge, Skill, Stress, Satisfaction, and Self-Confidence Levels of Nursing Students in Three Different Simulation Modalities

Üzen Cura Şengül,Kocatepe Vildan,Yıldırım Dilek,Küçükakgün Hilalnur,Atay Selma,Ünver Vesile 한국간호과학회 2020 Asian Nursing Research Vol.14 No.3

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of different simulation modalities on knowledge, skill, stress, satisfaction, and self-confidence levels of students receiving undergraduate education in three nursing schools. Method: This was an experimental study. Students applied the scenario of “Respiratory Sounds Assessment” which was prepared according to three different simulation modalities. In the study, the standardized patient, high-fidelity simulation, and partial task trainer were used as simulation modalities. Results: An increase was observed in postpractice knowledge levels of the three groups which had similar knowledge levels before the practice. Virtual Analog Scale stress levels of the students in the standardized patient group were higher than those of others. The students’ mean scores of satisfaction in learning were higher in the standardized patient group. The students in the partial task trainer group had lower scores of self-confidence in learning. Skill scores of the students were lower in the standardized patient practice than those in others. Conclusion: Simulation-based experiences give students the opportunity of experiencing situations they may experience in the actual practice beforehand. Therefore, this may increase their performance in real practices, as reality increases in the standardized patient group.

Characteristics and timing of mortality in children dying in pediatric intensive care: a 5-year experience

Botan Edin,Gün Emrah,Şden Emine Kübra,Yöndem Cansu,Gurbanov Anar,Balaban Burak,Kahveci Fevzi,Özen Hasan,Uçmak Hacer,Gençay Ali Genco,Kendirli Tanil 대한중환자의학회 2022 Acute and Critical Care Vol.37 No.4

Background: Pediatric intensive care units (PICUs), where children with critical illnesses are treated, require considerable manpower and technological infrastructure in order to keep children alive and free from sequelae. Methods: In this retrospective comparative cohort study, hospital records of patients aged 1 month to 18 years who died in the study PICU between January 2015 and December 2019 were reviewed. Results: A total of 2,781 critically ill children were admitted to the PICU. The mean±standard deviation age of 254 nonsurvivors was 64.34±69.48 months. The mean PICU length of stay was 17 days (range, 1–205 days), with 40 children dying early (<1 day of PICU admission). The majority of nonsurvivors (83.9%) had comorbid illnesses. Children with early mortality were more likely to have neurological findings (62.5%), hypotension (82.5%), oliguria (47.5%), acidosis (92.5%), coagulopathy (30.0%), and cardiac arrest (45.0%) and less likely to have terminal illnesses (52.5%) and chronic illnesses (75.6%). Children who died early had a higher mean age (81.8 months) and Pediatric Risk of Mortality (PRISM) III score (37). In children who died early, the first three signs during ICU admission were hypoglycemia in 68.5%, neurological symptoms in 43.5%, and acidosis in 78.3%. Sixty-seven patients needed continuous renal replacement therapy, 51 required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support, and 10 underwent extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Conclusions: We found that rates of neurological findings, hypotension, oliguria, acidosis, coagulation disorder, and cardiac arrest and PRISM III scores were higher in children who died early compared to those who died later.

Analysis of Plant Growth and Biochemical Parameters in Amsonia orientalis after in vitro Salt Stress

Arda Acemi,Yonca Duman,Yonca Yüzügüllü Karakuş,Yasemin Özdener Kömpe,Fazıl Özen 한국원예학회 2017 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.58 No.3

This study aimed to better understand the limited natural distribution of the endangered ornamental plantAmsonia orientalis Decne. by focusing on salt stress, a common limiting factor of plant growth. Plants weresubjected to in vitro salt stress at concentrations between 25 and 150 mM. In general, shoot and root lengths, rootnumber, and total protein, chlorophyll a and carotenoid content were negatively influenced at NaCl concentrationsabove 25 mM. Hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde and proline content all gradually increased with increasing saltconcentration. Activity levels of the antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) were all at their maximum in plants cultured in medium containing 50 mM NaCl. Compared to controlcultures, an overall upward trend in POD activity was observed with increasing salt concentration, while the activitylevels of SOD and CAT increased at lower concentrations but were limited at elevated concentrations of NaCl. These results suggest that A. orientalis prefers soils with no or very low salt but can tolerate NaCl up to aconcentration of 50 mM.

The effect of local application of thymoquinone, Nigella sativa’s bioactive component, on bone healing in experimental bone defects infected with Porphyromonas gingivalis

Ayşe Yılmaz Baştuğ,Ceyda Özçakır Tomruk,Elif Güzel,İlkay Özdemir,Gonca Duygu,Esma Kütan,Gül Merve Yalçın Ülker,Fatma Özen Arıcı 대한치주과학회 2022 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.52 No.3

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate the influence of local application of thymoquinone (TQ) on bone healing in experimental bone defects infected with Porphyromonas gingivalis (PG). Methods: Forty-two female rats were randomly divided into 6 groups. A bone defect was created on the right tibia of all animals. The PG, PG/collagen membrane (COL) and PG/ TQ/COL groups were infected with PG. In the COL and PG/COL groups, the defects were covered with a COL; in the TQ/COL and PG/TQ/COL groups, the defects were covered with a TQ-containing COL. After 28 days, all animals were sacrificed. Quantitative measurements of new bone formation and osteoblast lining, as well as semiquantitative measurements of capillary density and tissue response, were analyzed. Furthermore, the presence of bacterial infections in defect areas was evaluated. Results: The new bone formation, osteoblast number, and capillary density were significantly higher in the TQ groups than in the control groups (P<0.001, P<0.001, and P<0.01, respectively). In a comparison between the TQ/COL group, with a TQ-containing COL (TQ/COL), and the PG–infected TQ-containing COL (PG/TQ/COL) group, the newly formed bone and capillary density were higher in the TQ/COL group (P<0.01). When the control group was compared to the PG, PG/COL, and PG/TQ/COL groups in terms of tissue response, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.001, P=0.02, and P=0.041, respectively). The intensity of the inflammatory cell reaction was higher in the PG, PG/COL, and PG/TQ/COL groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, the local application of a TQ-containing COL positively affected bone healing even if the bone defects were infected. The results suggest that TQ increased angiogenesis and showed promise for accelerating bone defect healing. Further research is warranted to support these findings and reach more definitive conclusions.

Comparison of the Heating Properties of LaB6 and CeB6 Due to the Back Comparison of the Heating Properties of LaB_6 and CeB_6 Due to the Back

Mahmoud Bakr,R. Kinjo,Y. W. Choi,M. Omer,K. Yoshida,S. Ueda,M. Takasaki,K. Ishida,N. Kimura,H. Zen,T. Sonobe,T. Kii,K. Masuda,H. Ohgaki 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.51

The heating property of LaB_6 and CeB_6 cathodes is investigated against the Back Bombardment (BB) effect in thermionic RF guns using numerical calculation of the stopping range and deposited heat power inside the cathode materials. Then the change in a cathode temperature and corresponding change of current density during 5.5 μs pulse duration are determined by solving two differential equations. The simulation results show that, the change of current density during the macropulse for LaB_6 two times higher than for CeB_6, hence, the effect of the BB electrons in CeB_6 is less than for LaB_6.

Superconducting Strip Ion Detectors for Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometer

Zen, N.,Suzuki, K.,Shiki, S.,Ukibe, M.,Koike, M.,Casaburi, A.,Ejrnaes, M.,Cristiano, R.,Ohkubo, M. The Korean Superconductivity Society 2012 Progress in superconductivity Vol.14 No.2

Superconducting detectors are promising as ion detectors for time-of-flight mass spectrometers (TOF MS). They can achieve mass-independent detection efficiency even for macromolecular bombardments, because output signals are produced through the deposited kinetic energy at ion impact instead of secondary electron emission that is the ion detection mechanism of conventional microchannel plate (MCP) detectors or secondary electron multipliers (SEM). Among the superconducting detectors, the superconducting strip ion detectors (SSIDs), which consist of several hundreds of superconducting lines with a width of a few hundreds nm and a thickness of a few tens of nm, have a fast response time of less than 1 ns. Inherently, the response time of SSIDs is determined by kinetic inductance, so that it was difficult to realize a fast SSID with a large detection area. However, we succeeded in realizing the detector size up to $5{\times}5mm^2$ without response time degradation by using a parallel configuration.

Superconducting Strip Ion Detectors for Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometer

N. Zen,K. Suzuki,S. Shiki,M. Ukibe,M. Koike,A. Casaburi,M. Ejrnaes,R. Cristiano,M. Ohkubo 한국초전도학회 2012 Progress in superconductivity Vol.14 No.2

Superconducting detectors are promising as ion detectors for time-of-flight mass spectrometers (TOF MS). They can achieve mass-independent detection efficiency even for macromolecular bombardments, because output signals are produced through the deposited kinetic energy at ion impact instead of secondary electron emission that is the ion detection mechanism of conventional microchannel plate (MCP) detectors or secondary electron multipliers (SEM). Among the superconducting detectors, the superconducting strip ion detectors (SSIDs), which consist of several hundreds of superconducting lines with a width of a few hundreds nm and a thickness of a few tens of nm, have a fast response time of less than 1 ns. Inherently, the response time of SSIDs is determined by kinetic inductance, so that it was difficult to realize a fast SSID with a large detection area. However, we succeeded in realizing the detector size up to 5×5 mm2 without response time degradation by using a parallel configuration.

Effects of excess pore pressure dissipation on liquefaction-induced ground deformation in 1-g shaking table test

Wang, B.,Zen, K.,Chen, G.Q.,Kasama, K. Techno-Press 2012 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.4 No.2

Focusing on the effect of excess pore pressure dissipation on liquefaction-induced ground deformation, a series of 1-g shaking table tests were conducted in a rigid soil container by use of saturated Toyoura sand, the relative density of which was 20-60%. These tests were subjected to the sinusoidal base shaking with step increased accelerations: 100, 200, 300 and 400 Gals for 2-4 seconds. Shaking table tests were done using either water or polymer fluid with more viscous than water, thus varying the sand permeability of model tests. Excess pore pressures, accelerations, settlements and lateral deformations were measured in each test. Test results are presented in this paper and the effect of sand permeability on liquefaction and liquefaction-induced ground deformation was discussed in detail.

Effects of Dynamic Soil Behaviour on Wave-Induced Seabed Response

D.H. CHA,D.S. JENG,M.S. RAHMAN,H. SEKIGUCHI,K. ZEN,H. YAMAZAKI 한국해양공학회 2002 韓國海洋工學會誌 Vol.16 No.5

In this paper, an analytical solution for the wave-induced seabed response in a porous seabed is derived. Unlike previous investigations with quasi-static soil behaviour, dynamic soil behaviour is considered in the new solution. The basic one-dimensional framework proposed by Zienkiewicz et al (1980) is extended to two-dimensional cases. Based on the analytical solution derived, the effects of dynamic soil behaviour on the wave-induced seabed response are examined. The boundary of quasi-static soil behaviour and dynamic soil behaviour is clarified, and formulated for engineering practice.