Stability Analysis of 3D Deep Tunnel Face under Steady Seepage Flow Condition

Jun-Hao Zhong,Hong Liao 대한토목학회 2022 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.26 No.5

The instabilities of tunnel face may occur while shields advance through the rivers or region rich in water. It is of significance to attach the importance to the estimation of face stability during the tunnel excavation. Thus, this paper adopted a three-dimensional (3D) rotational mechanism to analyze the face stability under steady seepage flow field with the aid of the kinematic method in the context of limit analysis. The hydraulic head that derived by fitting the results of trial and error is employed herein to portray the steady seepage flow field. With the aid of a double integration method, the work rate induced by seepage forces acting on the soil skeleton is calculated and accordingly a closed-form solution of support pressure is derived based on the work balance equation. By comparing with the literature, one can validate the rationality and correctness of the present results. The research shows that the proposed method based on rotational mechanism provides a better upper bound estimation, when under seepage condition, the influence of internal frictional angle on the stability of the excavation face is not always monotonic and the influence of head difference on the support pressure is significant. Finally, the normalized stability charts are provided for a quick assessment for practical use during tunnel excavation in water-rich stratum.

Kinematic Stability of Tunnel Face in Non-uniform Soils

Jun-Hao Zhong,Xiao-li Yang 대한토목학회 2020 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.24 No.2

In the paper, the kinematic analysis is carried out to evaluate the face stability of shallow tunnel in the framework of plasticity theory. In view of the non-uniformity of soil strength parameters, a discretization technique is introduced to generate possible failure mechanisms which respect the associative flow rule and requirement of the non-uniformity of soil strength parameters. As an earthquake situation is considered, a pseudo-dynamic method is adopted to portray the distribution of seismic acceleration. Some comparisons are made to the conventional analysis, including discretization-based pseudo-static analysis and log-spiral-based pseudo-static analysis, to prove the validity of the programming code and accuracy of the proposed method. The soil strength parameters are considered varying in the vertical direction. The effect of distribution of strength parameters is discussed, and distribution form is initially assumed to be linear profile and, then, to be other nonlinear functional profile, including power profile, constant profile and quadratic profile. The results derived from further parametric study show that although the influence of horizontal seismic coefficient is more significant than the vertical one, the vertical effect cannot be ignored in most circumstances, and some factors affect the stability cyclically. In addition, in the linear profile of soil strength parameters, the influence of gradient on supporting pressure is rather small comparing to the average. The influence of non-uniformity of soil strength parameters and seismic parameters on the shape and collapsed area of the failure mechanism is successively studied in this paper. All the optimized solutions are presented in the figures and tables for practical application.

Serum Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor as a Biomarker of Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Zhong-bo Shang,Jun Wang,Shou-gang Kuai,Yin-yin Zhang,Qin-fang Ou,Hao Pei,Li Hua Huang 대한진단검사의학회 2018 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.38 No.1

Background: Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a pro-inflammatory cytokine with chemokine-like functions, has been shown to play a central role in several acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. However, limited information is available regarding the use of MIF as an inflammatory pathway marker in patients with tuberculosis. This study aimed to investigate the association of MIF with IFN-γ and TNF-α in active pulmonary tuberculosis (APTB) following anti-tuberculosis treatment. Methods: The MIF, TNF-α, and IFN-γ serum levels were determined in 47 patients with APTB by cytokine-specific ELISA at four phases: prior to anti-tuberculosis drug treatment (baseline), and following 2, 4, and 6 months of treatment. In addition, we measured the MIF, TNF-α, and IFN-γ serum levels in 50 health controls. Results: MIF serum levels were significantly elevated (P<0.05) in patients with APTB prior to treatment compared with that in control subjects, and TNF-α ≥449.7 pg/mL was associated with high MIF levels (≥13.1 ng/mL). MIF levels were significantly reduced (P<0.01) following 2, 4, and 6 months of treatment, with variations in TNF-α and IFN-γ serum levels. MIF levels were positively correlated with the paired TNF-α level at baseline (r=0.1103, P=0.0316) and following 6 months of treatment (r=0.09569, P=0.0364).Conclusions: A reduction in the MIF serum levels in patients with APTB following anti-tuberculosis treatment may positively affect host immune protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Thus, serum MIF levels may constitute a useful marker for assessing therapy effectiveness in patients with APTB.

In Vitro and In Vivo Studies of Different Liposomes Containing Topotecan

Hao, Yan-Li,Deng, Ying-Jie,Chen, Yan,Wang, Xiu-Min,Zhong, Hai-Jun,Suo, Xu-Bin The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2005 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.28 No.5

Liposome as a carrier of topotecan (TPT), a promising anticancer drug, has been reported in attempt to improve the stability and antitumor activity of TPT. However, the biodistr ibution pattern of TPT liposome in vivo and PEG-modified liposome containing TPT have not been studied systemically. In this paper, the in vitro stability and in vivo biodistribution behavior of several liposomes containing TPT with different lipid compositions and PEG-modification were studied. Compared with the 'fluid' liposome (S-Lip) composed of soybean phosphatidylcholine (SPC), the 'solid' liposome (H-Lip) composed of hydrogenated soybean phosphatidylcholine HSPC decreased the leaking efficiency of TPT from liposome and enhanced the stability of liposome in fetal bovine serum (FBS) or human blood plasma (HBP). The results of biodistribution studies in S$_{180}$ tumor-bearing mice showed that liposomal encapsulation increased the concentrations of total TPT and the ratio of lactone form in plasma. Compared with free TPT, S-Lip and H-Lip resulted in 5- and 19- fold increase in the area under the curve (AUC$_{0\rightarrow\propto}$), respectively. PEG- modified H-Lip (H-PEG) showed 3.7-fold increase in AUC$_{0\rightarrow\propto}$ compared with H-Lip, but there was no significant increase in t$_{1/2}$ and AUC$_{0\rightarrow\propto}$ for PEG-modified S-Lip (S-PEG) compared with S-Lip. Moreover, the liposomal encapsulation changed the biodistribution behavior, and H-Lip and H-PEG dramatically increased the accumulation of TPT in tumor, and the relative tumor uptake ratios were 3.4 and 4.3 compared with free drug, respectively. There was also a marked increase in the distribution of TPT in lung when the drug was encapsulated into H-Lip and H-PEG. Moreover, H-PEG decreased the accumulation of TPT in bore marrow compared with unmodified H-Lip. All these results indicated that the membrane fluidity of liposome has an important effect on in vitro stability and in vivo biodistribution pattern of liposomes containing TPT, and PEG-modified 'solid' liposome may be an efficient carrier of TPT.

Further Education for Asian University Sports: AUSF Education and Development Centre

( Hao Cheng ),( Pei Liu ),( Jian Wang ),( Tieli Yang ),( Jun Xie ),( Bingshu Zhong ),( Qing Song ),( Cheng Fave Seetow ),( Yuetong Yan ),( Zhen Shen ),( Yanqing Xue ),( Kunning Chen ) 한국체육학회 2015 국제스포츠과학 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.1

A Digital Twin-Driven Approach for On-line Controlling Quality of Marine Diesel Engine Critical Parts

De-Jun Cheng,Jie Zhang,Zhong-Tai Hu,Sheng-Hao Xu,Xi-Feng Fang 한국정밀공학회 2020 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.21 No.10

This paper aims to propose a digital twin-driven (DTD) approach that consists of the machining data (MD) in twin data (TD), design of MD acquisition methodology, construction of intelligent algorithm, real-virtual data interaction analysis and fusion technology, which improvs the predictability and management of on-line quality control of marine diesel engine (MDE) critical parts. Firstly, this paper introduces the theoretical framework of DTD on-line quality control in machining process. Secondly, we construct the process of DTD on-line quality control and introduce the digital twin model of on-line quality control based on TD-driven; the operation of data-driven quality on-line control based on digital twin including description and modeling of MD; acquisition of MD based on digital twin; TD-driven on-line tool life prediction and data fusion on-line machining parameters optimization methods. Finally, a case study is applied to validate the accuracy and availability of the DTD approach. The proposed approach provides a new way for the on-line quality control of MDE critical parts in machining process.

pH-independent controlled release tablets containing nanonizing valsartan solid dispersions for less variable bioavailability in humans

Park, Jun-Bom,Park, Chulhun,Piao, Zhong Zhu,Amin, Hardik H.,Meghani, Nilesh M.,Tran, Phuong H.L.,Tran, Thao T.D.,Cui, Jing-Hao,Cao, Qing-Ri,Oh, Euichaul,Lee, Beom-Jin Elsevier 2018 Journal of drug delivery science and technology Vol.46 No.-

<P>The aims of this work were to design pH-independent controlled release (CR) tablet containing nanonizing solid dispersion (SD) adsorbed on hydrophilic silica (Aeroperl((R)) 300/30). Valsartan (VAL) was chosen to simultaneously modulate solubility and release rate due to its poor water solubility in low pH condition and short elimination half-life. Based on extensive equilibrium solubility and compatibility studies, poloxamer 407 was selected as a SD carrier. The melted mixtures of drug and poloxamer 407 were adsorbed onto hydrophilic fumed silica (Aeroperl((R)) 300/30). Ternary SD system changed crystalline drug into an amorphous state and had intermolecular hydrogen bonding as confirmed by FT-IR with poloxamer 407. The dissolution rate of SD system was markedly enhanced as compared with pure VAL or commercial Diovan((R)) tablet in simulated gastric fluid (pH 1.2). Interestingly, the particle size of SD system was gradually nanonized for 2 hr, ranging from 600 nm to 150 nm during dissolution process. The SD-loaded CR (SD-CR) tablets using hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC 4000) showed pH-independent zero-order release and good stability at accelerated conditions for six months. The SD-CR tablet showed minimized inter-subject variation of maximum plasma concentration as compared with commercial Diovan((R)) tablets in healthy human volunteers.</P>

A Prognostic Model To Predict Survival In Stage III Colon Cancer Patients Based on Histological Grade, Preoperative Carcinoembryonic Antigen Level and the Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio

Wuxiao, Zhi-Jun,Zhou, Hai-Yan,Wang, Ke-Feng,Chen, Xiao-Qin,Hao, Xin-Bao,Lu, Yan-Da,Xia, Zhong-Jun Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.2

Background: Stage III colon cancer patients demonstrate diverse clinical outcomes. The aim of this study was to develop a prognostic model in order to better predict their survival. Materials and Methods: From 2004 to 2010, 548 patients were retrospectively analyzed, among whom 328 were defined as the study group and the remaining 220 served as a validation group. Clinico-pathologic features, including age, gender, histological grade, T stage, number of positive lymph nodes, number of harvest lymph nodes, pretreatment carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels and pretreatment neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), were collected. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to detect prognostic factors and multivariate analysis was applied to identify independent examples on which to develop a prognostic model. Finally, the model was further validated with the validation group. Results: Histological grade (p=0.002), T stage (p=0.011), number of positive lymph nodes (p=0.003), number of harvested lymph nodes (p=0.020), CEA (p=0.005), and NLR (p<0.001) were found as prognostic factors while histological grade [RR(relative risk):0.632, 95%CI (Confidence interval) 0.405~0.985, p=0.043], CEA (RR:0.644, 95%CI:0.431~0.964, p=0.033) and NLR (RR:0.384, 95%CI:0.255~0.580, p<0.001) levels were independent. The prognostic model based on these three factors was able to classify patients into high risk, intermediate and low risk groups (p<0.001), both in study and validation groups. Conclusions: Histological grade, pretreatment CEA and NLR levels are independent prognostic factors in stage III colon cancer patients. A prognostic model based on these factors merits attention in future clinical practice.

In Vitro and In Vivo Studies of Different Liposomes Containing Topotecan

Yan-Li Hao,Ying-Jie Deng,Yan Chen,Xiu-Min Wang,Hai-Jun Zhong,Xu-Bin Suo 대한약학회 2005 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.28 No.5

Preparation and Characterization of Paclitaxel-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles Coated with Cationic SM5-1 Single-chain Antibody

( Geng Kou ),( Jie Gao ),( Hao Wang ),( Huai Wen Chen ),( Bo Hua Li ),( Da Peng Zhang ),( Shu Hui Wang ),( Sheng Hou ),( Wei Zhu Qian ),( Jian Xin Dai ),( Yan Qiang Zhong ),( Ya Jun Guo ) 생화학분자생물학회 2007 BMB Reports Vol.40 No.5