한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

판소리의 사설짜기에 대한 고찰 - 〈새타령〉을 중심으로 -

손길원,최진형 京畿專門大學 2000 京畿專門大學 論文集 Vol.- No.28

This study's main aim is the type of construction of Pansori-sasul. The Pansori is important genre in the many cultural discourses at 19th century. The Pansori has very flexible way to construct text with contemporary other genre. A horizontal movement of unit text is main theory of constructing Pansori-sasul. With this view point, this study will consider on <Saetaryung>. <Saetaryung> is a song of Jap-ga and piece of Pansori-sasul. So, study on <Saetaryung> will explain the theory of construction Pansori-sasul. This study will show construction theory of Pansori with a point of difference with Jap-ga and Pansori with focus on <Saetaryung>. The conclusion of this study will explain a type of discourses in 19th century of our classical genre of lyricism and narrative. And that will be able to show the theory of construction Pansori-Sasul, too.

外傷性 肝臟破裂과 肝膽道出血患者의 肝動脈結柴에 依한 治療

孫鍾夏,咸泰元,林敏一,裵振善,韓萬靑 대한적십자사 1974 적십자병원지 Vol.1 No.1

ESI-K의 타당화를 위한 기초연구

손원경,최혜진 부산대학교 영유아보육연구소 2002 영유아보육연구 Vol.8 No.-

The purpose of this study was to examine validation of the Early Screening Inventory-Kindergarten(ESI-K). The subjects of this study were 139children ranged from 4(1/2)years old to 6 years old and selected from 4 kindergartens and 3 day care centers in Pusan. Tests used for this study were the ESI-K and DDST. The ESI-K is developmental screening instrument which is consisted of 24 items covering three sub-areas such as visual-motor/adaptive, language & cognition, and gross motor. The score can be classified as "OK", "Rescreen" and "Refer". Children who get "OK" is presumed to be developing normally. Children who get "Rescreen" should have ESI-K readministered in 6 to 8 weeks. Children who get "Refer" should be refered immediately for more thorough assessment. The results of this study are as follows: First, the range of the ESI-K item difficulty was from 33.8 to 97.1% and older children tended to perform better on the items than younger children. The ESI-K items discriminated between upper group and the lower group. Second, the Cronbach a was .71. Inter-scorer reliability was .97. The correlations between total score and subarea were .74, .82, .73(p<.01). It is concluded that the ESI-K, with minor modifications, can be used as a valid and reliable developmental screening instrument.

쥐 태아 간에서 간 세포 발육에 관한 전자현미경적 연구

손용진,김경용,이원복,김동창 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1989 中央醫大誌 Vol.14 No.3

The development of fetal rat liver between 12 and 21 days of gestation was studied ultrastructurally. The liver developed closely associated with hemopoiesis, and so, the ultrastructural changes of hepatocytes according to hemopoietic activity were investigated. The results observed were as follows. 1. The hepatocytes were discernible as dark cells of high electron density due to many ribosomes, rough endoplasmic reticulums and lipid inclusions, and as light cells of low electron density due to relatively small amount of such organelles. 2. At 13 day of gestation, hepatocytes with many granules were frequently found and had well developed Golgi apparati, dilatated granular endoplasmic reticulums. The granules were round in shape, surrounded by membrane, and observed with high inner, low outer electron densities. These characteristics reflected the capacity to produce proteineous substances and the maturity, and in general, hepatocytes at 13 day of gestation were more mature than at 12 day. 3. The hepatocytes were irregular in shape due to many hemopoietic cells after 14 day of gestation and made microvilli in close contact with hemopoietic cells. Hepatocytes showed well developed Golgi apparati, RERs, mitochondria and many ribosomes, and at 17 day of gestation, immature bile canaliculi were present. In summary, the great ultrastructural differences of hepatocytes between 12 and 13 day of gestation were the appearance of Golgi apparati, dilatated RERS, many ribosomes, granules and lipid inclusions reflecting the capacity to produce proteineous substances. Besides the above, hemopoietic cells appeared for the first time at 13 day of gestation and hepatocytes were in close contact with hemopoietic cells. From the results, the hepatocytes are supposed to produce some proteineous substances affecting the hemopoiesis.

유아교실에서 젠더 형성에 관한 논의

손유진 ; 손원경 동의대학교 인문사회연구소 2010 인간과 문화 연구 Vol.16 No.-

교실에서의 성 정체성 형성은 대단한 복잡하다. 교실에서의 성 정체성 형성을 하나의 원리로 설명하기는 어려우며 다양한 형성과정과 규칙들이 혼재되어 있다고 하였다. 더불어 젠더의 문제는 사회에서 살아가기 위한 투쟁의 과정이다. 본 연구에서는 젠더 형성을 사회적, 역사적, 문화적으로 접근하여 교실에서의 성 정체성 형성의 복잡성과 역동성을 이해하기 위하여 Blaise(2005), Dillabough, J. (2000). Bourdieu, P. (2001). Davies, B. (1993)의 연구들을 살펴보았다. 이들의 연구는 후기구조주의 교육철학의 맥락 속에서 유아의 성 정체성을 고찰한 연구들로서 이를 고찰함으로써 젠더 형성의 권력성, 주관성 등을 살펴보았다. 특히나 대부분 여성 교사로 이루어진 유아교실에서 남아들이 오히려 역차별 되는 가능성에 초점을 두면서 유아교실에서의 남아들의 남성성에 대해서도 함께 논의하였다. It's not easy for the understanding of gender identity which is very complicated and there are many rules and aspects. Children are struggled to get their gender identity. This study is to review of some studies which are Blaise (2005), Dillabough, J. (2000). Bourdieu, P. (2001). Davies, B. (1993) in the post-modern paradigm to get the framework of understanding of gender identity in Kindergarten classroom.

8.3% Carbamide Peroxide 함유 펜 형 자가미백제인 BIancTis Forte의 색조개선 및 안전성에 관한 임상연구

이진경,민선홍,홍성태,오소람,정신혜,황영혜,유성엽,배광식,백승호,이우철,손원준,금기연 대한치과보존학회 2009 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.34 No.2

This clinical study evaluated the whitening effect and safety of polymer based-pen type BlancTis Forte(NIBEC) containing 8.3% carbamide peroxide. Twenty volunteers used the BlancTis Forte whitening agent for 2 hours twice a day for 4 weeks As a control. Whitening Effect Pen (LG) containing 3% hydrogen peroxide was used by 20 volunteers using the same protocol. The change in shade (ΔE^(*) color difference) was measured using Shadepilot™ (DeguDent) before, during and after bleaching (2 weeks, 4 weeks and postbleaching 4 weeks). A clinical examination for any side effects (tooth hypersensitivity or soft tissue complications) was also performed at each check-up. The following results were obtained. 1 Both the experimental and control groups displayed a noticeable change in shade (ΔE) of over 2 No significant differences were found between the two group (p>0.05) implying that the two agents have a similar whitening effect. 2 The whitening effect was mainly due to changes in a and b values rather than in L value (brightness). The experimental group showed a significantly higher change in b value thus yellow shade than the control(p < 0.05) 3 None of the participants complained of tooth hypersensitivity or soft tissue complications confirming the safety of both whitening agents 8.3%의 carbamide peroxide를 함유한 펜형 코팅용 미백제인 BlancTis Forte (NIBEC, Seosul & JinCheon)를 실험군으로, 3% hydrogen peroxide를 함유한글 Whitening Effect Pen (LG. Seoul) 제재를 대조군으로 각각 피험자 20명에게 2시간씩 1일 2회 제조사의 지시대로 치아표면에 4주간 적용하도록 지시하고 색조개선 효능과 안전성을 평가하였다. 미백 효과는 미백 전 및 미백 2주, 4주 및 미백 종료 4주 후에 Shadopilot™을 이용하여 색 변화를 측정하였고, 매 내원시기마다 모든 환자는 치수생활력 검사와 치주 및 치태 검사를 통해 부작용 여부 (치아과민증 및 구감 내 연조직의 부작용)를 기록한 후 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1.실험군 및 대조군의 색 변화량 (ΔE)은 2이상으로 인지할 수 있는 색 변화를 보였으며, 두 제품 간에는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않아 (p > 0.05) 유사한 미백효능을 나타냄을 알 수 있었다. 2,미백효과는 명도의 개선보다는 주로 a. b값의 변화에 의한 것으로 특히 실험군에서 b값의 변화, 즉 황색조의 개선효과가 대조군에 비해 유의성 있게 높은 것으로 나타났다 (p <0.05). 3.치아나 치은의 과민증이나 이상증상을 호소하는 피험자는 없어 두 제품 모두 안전성을 확인할 수 있었다.

폐광산 주변의 목본 식생 현황 및 오염 토양에 대한 목본 종자의 발아 특성

서경원,손요환,김래현,구진우,노남진,경지현,김정규 한국환경농학회 2006 한국환경농학회지 Vol.25 No.1

청소년의 사회적 체격 불안과 정서 지능의 관계

장진우,손원일 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.4

The purpose of this study is to analyze relationships of social physique anxiety and emotion intelligence in adolescents, The subjects are composed of 390 members of male female middle school students in Dong Hae City. The result of this study is as follows. First, as a result of analyzing social physique anxiety and emotion intelligence according to sex, social physique anxiety showed statistically significant difference, whereas emotion intelligence did not show. Second, as a result of analyzing social physique anxiety and emotion intelligence showed statistically significant difference out of all of sub variables excluding emotion regulation variable. Third, the upper group at the level of social physique anxiety showed statistically significant difference out of emotion emotional facilitation of thinking and empathy among 5 sub variables of emotion intelligence compared with the lower group, whereas social physique anxiety between the upper group and lower group in intelligence did not show, Fifth, it was shown that social physique anxiety had statistically significant negative influences on appraisal and expression of emotion and emotional facilitation of thinking among emotion intelligence.