Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of Korean ginseng extract GS-KG9 in a D-galactosamine-induced liver damage animal model

Yun Ho Jo,Hwan Lee,Myeong Hwan Oh,Gyeong Hee Lee,You Jin Lee,Ji Sun Lee,Min Jung Kim,Won Yong Kim,Jin Seong Kim,Dae Seok Yoo,Sang Won Cho,Seon Woo Cha,Mi Kyung Pyo 한국영양학회 2020 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.14 No.4

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to investigate the improvement effect of white ginseng extract (GS-KG9) on D-galactosamine (Ga1N)-induced oxidative stress and liver injury. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 6 groups. Rats were orally administrated with GS-KG9 (300, 500, or 700 mg/kg) or silymarin (25 mg/kg) for 2 weeks. The rats of the GS-KG9- and silymarin-treated groups and a control group were then intraperitoneally injected Ga1N at a concentration of 650 mg/kg for 4 days. To investigate the protective effect of GS-KG9 against GalN-induced liver injury, blood liver function indicators, anti-oxidative stress indicators, and histopathological features were analyzed. RESULTS: Serum biochemical analysis indicated that GS-KG9 ameliorated the elevation of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in GalN-treated rats. The hepatoprotective effects of GS-KG9 involved enhancing components of the hepatic antioxidant defense system, including glutathione, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). In addition, GS-KG9 treatment inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) production induced by GalN treatment in hepatocytes and significantly increased the expression levels of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) proteins, which are antioxidant proteins. In particular, by histological analyses bases on hematoxylin and eosin, Masson"s trichrome, α-smooth muscle actin, and transforming growth factor-β1 staining, we determined that the administration of 500 mg/kg GS-KG9 inhibited hepatic inflammation and fibrosis due to the excessive accumulation of collagen. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that GS-KG9 improves GalN-induced liver inflammation, necrosis, and fibrosis by attenuating oxidative stress. Therefore, GS-KG9 may be considered a useful candidate in the development of a natural preventive agent against liver injury.

급성 뇌경색 환자에서 경색 위치가 심근 효소치 상승에 미치는 영향

윤경호,박현영,박성욱,장혁,김요식,조광호,유남진,김남호,오석규,정진원 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 2003 圓光醫科學 Vol.18 No.2

심근 허혈-재관류 백서 모델에서 mitogen-activated protein kinase 활성화에 대한 α-lipoic acid의 효과

김연경,박은미,최준호,윤경호,유남진,이은미,김남호,정진원,김민선,박병림,오석규 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 2006 圓光醫科學 Vol.21 No.1

김만중(金萬重)의 여성시(女性詩)에 드러난 군신(君臣)의 형상(形象)

윤호진 ( Ho Jin Yun ) 연민학회 2010 연민학지 Vol.14 No.-

The theory above is that Kim Man-jung`s feminine poems are apparently seem like the poems about the love between men and women, but actually are the poems about sovereigns and subjects. In this point of view we looked through Kim Man-jung`s feminine poems. Former researches about Kim Man-jung`s feminine poems considered that only parts of the poems, which are about abandoned court ladies, represent the relationship between sovereigns and subjects. However, this thesis considered that the songs about an enduring wife, a refrained women and a spring dream like beauty are also about the relationship between sovereigns and subjects. In this thesis, through the through analyse we discoursed in three ways to explain the relationship between sovereign and subject. Firstly, Kim Man-jung`s feminine poems are about subjects` destinies changed by the level of kings` love. Kim Man-jung wrote that when men and women first met each other, they didn`t care about whether they are ugly, or whether they are wise. Like this, when sovereigns first met subjects, sovereigns hired subjects as their abilities, but soon after time had passed sovereigns loved subjects by their feelings. This kind of thinking is found well at Kim Man-jung`s poem he wrote when Ban Cheb-yo expelled to Zhang Sin Palace after losing king`s love. Secondly, Kim Man-jung`s feminine poems are about subjects` loyalties that would never change. Kim Man-jung wrote a poem called Yi Sha Su Si and in this poem four paragraphs are about a woman missing her husband far away. Kim Man-jung`s nephew Kim Jin-kyu commented that this song was written because Kim Man-jung worried about the political situation at that time. It means that Kim Man-jung compared subjects` loyalties as the integrities of women. Thirdly Kim Man-jung`s feminine poems are about the subjects that have to refrain their attitudes and keep their integrities. He expressed his opinion that subjects never lost their honors through the stories about Tack Mun Gun who followed a man blindly and a ordinally faithful woman became a Dae Urn Eu and Soe Si`s kisaeng life. Finally, Kim Man-jung`s feminine poems are about the loneliness of abandoned subjects. Generally, we think that Musan female believer is a dream of all men, but in his poem Musan female believer yearned for the King Hui. And he also wrote a poem called Sang Yang which is about a court woman who could not help writing a letter on a leaf to the king because of the loneliness. Therefore, as we looked through above the reason that Kim Man-jung wrote lots of feminine poem is not that Kim Man-jung was a lascivious man or he was interested in ancient poems. It`s because he cared about those days` political situation and compared the relationship between sovereigns and subjects to the love of men and women.

덕곡(德谷) 조승숙(趙承肅)의 생애와 후대의 평가: 수양명월(首陽明月) 율리청풍(栗里淸風)

윤호진 ( Ho Jin Yun ) 연민학회 2015 연민학지 Vol.23 No.-

This thesis lookes into the life and thoughtof Dukgok Cho, Seungsuk, one of the 72 Doomoondong scholars during Goryeo Dynasty, who retreated back to his home village, Dukgok where he built Gyosujeong Pavilion to bring up younger disciples and did not come back out into the world, keeping fidelity throughout his lifetime when Gyoreo Dynasty collapsed. He accompanied a congratulating party going to China`s royal palace after he passed the state examination and got appointed to be the position of Jeojakrang, and he so much surprised Chinese people with his excellent writing offered to the king that the Chinese king reportedly offered him a Jageumudae(or purple/gold fish-patterned belt), and after he returned, the king of Chosun Dynasty offered him a aromatic wooden box with its name on it written by the King himself. During his official service, he learned Confucianism from Poeun Jeong, mongjoo and then when Goryeo Dynasty collapsed, he judged that he counldn`t be a subject of Chosun Dynasty due to his motto of ‘no service to two kings,` and came down to his home village, Dukgok, where he built Gyosujeong Pavilion and lived a hermit`s life, bringing up younger disciples. While he had academic intercourse with Yaeun Giljae, who retreated to Geumosan(mountain) from Dukgok, he wrote poems, among which a total of 7 poems are passed on, but some of them were not written by him and even those reportedly written by him face the question whether they were really composed by him. This way, his works expressing his heart are rare but they do express who he was and how he thought. Therefore, those in the following generations highly evaluated him on the basis of his behaviors and works left behind. They compared his fidelity to Goryeo Dynasty to Baekisukje, who retreated to Suyangsan(mountain) when Zhou Dynasty conquered Eun Dynasty and his life as an hermit in his hometown, discarding his office as if it were bits of straw to Tao Yan Ming, who gave up his office without reserve and retreated to his hometown, Eulri. For this reason, Yhu Ho-in, who reportedly wrote his funeral oration by order of King Seongjong extremely exulted him, saying, “Dukgok is like a bright moon over Suyangsan(mountain) and pristine wind in Eulri.” This evaluation of him compressively symbolizes Dukgok`s life and thought, clearly showing the following generations how he lived and who he was.

제주도 지하수 질산염 농도의 시·공간적 변화 특성: 장기(1993-2015) 모니터링 자료의 평가

김호림(Ho-Rim Kim),오준섭(Junseop Oh),도현권(Hyun-Kwon Do),이경진(Kyung-Jin Lee),현익현(Ik-Hyun Hyun),오상실(Sang-Sil Oh),감상규(Sang-Kyu Kam),윤성택(Seong-Taek Yun) 대한자원환경지질학회 2018 자원환경지질 Vol.51 No.1

1993년부터 2015년까지 관측된 제주도 지하수 장기모니터링 관측정(N = 4,835)에서 수집된 지하수 수질자료(N = 21,568)를 기반으로 질산성질소의 시공간적 변동 특성을 평가하였다. 제주도 지하수의 질산성질소 농도의 중앙값은 2.5 mg/L로서 다른 국가나 대륙의 조사 결과에 비해 다소 높거나 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 지하수 용도, 행정구역 및 고도 별로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 특히, 산간 지역에 비해 저지대 해안가에 위치한 농업 및 주거지역에서 농도가 높음을 확인하였다. Mann-Kendall 및 Sen’s slope 분석을 활용한 질산성질소 농도의 추세 분석 결과, 하류 저지 대에 비해 중산간지역에서의 질산성질소 농도 증가 경향이 뚜렷하였다. 제주도 내 토지 피복의 시계열 변화 특성과 결부 지어 보면, 중산간지역의 오염 증가 추세는 농업지역의 확장 등 인위적 활동 증가에 기인한 결과로 판단된다. 반면,기지정된 지하수자원특별관리구역에서는 전반적으로 질산성질소 농도의 감소 경향이 나타났는데, 이는 지하수 관리 측면에서 수질관리를 위한 적극적인 정책이 유효함을 시사한다. 본 연구에서는 제주도 지하수의 질산성질소 오염관리를 위한 적정 방안을 제안한다. The spatio-temporal variations of nitrate concentrations in groundwater of Jeju Island were evaluated by an analysis of time series groundwater quality data (N = 21,568) that were collected from regional groundwater monitoring (number of wells = 4,835) for up to 20 years between 1993 and 2015. The median concentration of NO 3 -N is 2.5 mg/L, which is slightly higher than those reported from regional surveys in other countries. Nitrate concentrations of groundwater in wells tend to significantly vary according to different water usage (of the well), administrative districts, and topographic elevations: nitrate level is higher in low-lying agricultural and residential areas than those in high mountainous areas. The Mann-Kendall trend test and Sen’s slope analysis show that nitrate concentration in mid-mountainous areas tends to increase, possibly due to the expansion of agricultural areas toward highland. On the other hand, nitrate concentrations in the Specially Designated Groundwater Quality Protection Zones show the temporally decreasing trend, which implies the efficiency of groundwater management actions in Jeju. Proper measures for sustainable groundwater quality management are suggested in this study.

교류분석 이론에 근거한 드라이버와 시간구조화 척도 타당성 연구 : Study on the Validation of Driver Scale and Time Structuring Scale

문호영(Ho Young, Moon),윤영진(Young Jin, Yun) 한국교류분석상담학회 2021 교류분석상담연구 Vol.11 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 교류분석 이론에 근거한 성인용 드라이버와 시간구조화 척도를 개발하고 타당성을 검증하는 것이다. 연구 대상은 성인 1,671명(남 594명, 여 1,067명)으로 1차(2018년)와 2차(2019년) 두 차례의 연구로 진행되었다. 1차 연구는 드라이버 척도 64문항(완벽하게 하라 12문항, 남을 기쁘게 하라 12문항, 서둘러라 12문항, 열심히 하라 14문항, 강해져라 14문항), 시간구조화 척도 71문항(폐쇄 14문항, 의식 14문항, 활동 10문항, 잡담 13문항, 게임 10문항, 친밀 10)에 대해 타당성을 검증하여 신뢰로운 문항을 선정하는 것이었다. 2차 연구는 1차 연구분석 결과 선정된 드라이버 척도 45문항(5요인 각 9문항), 시간구조화 척도 48문항(6요인 각 8문항)에 대한 타당성 검증과정을 거쳐 드라이버와 시간구조화 척도를 표준화하는 것이었다. 연구 결과를 보면, 개발된 드라이버 45문항과 시간구조화 48문항 모두 신뢰롭고 타당도가 높은 문항임이 확인되었다. 본 연구에서 개발된 두 척도는 급속한 성장을 이룬 한국사회 성인의 병리적 현상과 특성을 이해하는데 유용할 것으로 판단된다. 또한 드라이버와 시간구조화 척도는 심리특성 진단, 학교 교육, 기업 등 다양한 분야에서 진단도구로 활용될 수 있다는 점에서 그 의의가 있다고 할 수 있다. The purpose of this study is re-validate the validation of the Driver Scale and Time Structuring Scale devised by Moon, ho- young in 2017. This study is carried out two times with 1671 people - 1021 adults at first time and 650 at the other. The first study included 50 questions on driver scale devised by Moon, ho- young and 64 questions that added 14 questions: two questions on ‘Be perfect’, two on ‘Please others’, two on ‘Hurry up’, four on ‘Try hard’, four on ‘Be strong.’71 questions regarding on time structuring scale were studied in detail as the following: 11 questions were added to the 60 basic questions and the 11 questions were consisted of four questions on ‘Withdrawal’, four on ‘Rituals’, and three questions on ‘Pastimes’. The writers select highly valid and trustworthy questions using various method of analysis. The second study was conducted to validate the validation of the scale with 45 questions on drive scale and 48 questions on time structuring scale that were chosen from the first study result. Through these two studies researchers completed the Korean driver scale and time structuring scale. The result of this study clearly shows that 45 questions on driver scale questions and 48 questions on time structuring scale devised by Moon, ho- young(2017) including some modified questions and one newly invented question were highly valid and trustworthy in evaluating the validity of each scale. This result of this study proves that the driver scale and time structuring scale devised by Moon, ho-young(2017) is a valid tool for testing Korean adults.

관상동맥 스텐트 삽입술을 시행한 환자에서 안지오텐신 전환효소 억제제와 안지오텐신 수용체 차단제가 재협착에 미치는 영향

김연경,정진원,윤경호,박은미,송미진,최준호,이은미,유남진,김남호,오석규 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 2006 圓光醫科學 Vol.21 No.1

머리염색이 인체에 미치는 영향

윤형식,황성호,이현륭,김수호,박연석,권낙현,정호진,김동훈,노현주,홍성호,박병찬,이관,정해관 東國大學校醫學硏究所 2002 東國醫學 Vol.9 No.1

일상생활에서 모발염색은 흔히 접할 수 있는 미용의 한 종류로 특히 젊은층을 중심으로 폭발적으로 유행하고 있다. 염색을 위항 사용하는 약제는 표백제와 발색제 등 각종 화학약품이 사용되고 있으나 이로 인한 건강장해에 대한 연구는 그리 많지 않다. 저자들은 염색이 인체의 모발건강에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위하여 염색과 관련된 주관적 증상과 모발의 변화에 대한 실험적 연구를 시행하였다. 동국대학교 경주 캠퍼스 재학생 80명을 대상으로 설문조사를 시행하여 염색 유 ·무 및 염색 후에 경험한 증상에 대해 설문 조사하였고, 의과대학 재학생 46명을 대상으로 피부 반응 테스트를 실시하였다. 또한 염색 전후의 모발 탄성도를 측정하였고 모발의 상태를 파악하기 위해 전자 현미경검사를 실시하였다. 설문조사 결과 염색 전에 비하여 염색 후 안구혼탁, 안구건조, 시력저하, 발진 및 접촉성 피부염, 모발손상, 모근손상 등의 증상을 더 많이 경험한다고 호소하였다(p<0.05). 모발손상과 모근손상은 헤어드라이어 사용 빈도에 따라 증가하는 것으로 조사되었다(p<0.05). 피부반응검사에서 가려움증이 가장 많은 증상이었으며 이는 여성보다는 남성에서 높은 것으로 조사되었다. 염색 전후의 모발장력은 염색 전 134.5±10.37g, 염색 128.0±30.69g, 염색 이틀 후 112.5±19.69g으로 나타났다. 염색 전후의 모발의 전자현미경 케라틴 층이 현저히 감소하고 모발이 가늘어지는 차이를 보였다. 염색은 모발손상, 모발 케라틴 손상 및 모근 손상, 발진 및 접촉성 피부반응, 안구혼탁, 안구건조, 시력 저하를 유발한다. 따라서 염색약으로 인한 손상에 대한 주의와 예방이 필요하다고 생각한다. 예방대책으로 염색 전 피부테스트를 통한 적합성 여부를 판단하는 것이 필요하며 가급적 염색을 피하는 것이 좋을 것이다. 염색약에 발암물질이 포함되어있다는 보고도 있어 염색 제조사의 철저한 실험과 염색 물질의 선별이 염색으로 인한 부작용을 최소화하는데 중요한 역할을 할 것이다. Hair coloring has became one of the most popular cosmetic activities to younger generations during last decade. However, there are few studies on the health effect of widespread use of chemical dyes. This study was conducted to study the effects of hair coloring dye on hair and other systems. We conducted a questionnaire survey of 80 persons in Kyongju campus, Dongguk University. We have done open patch skin test on 46 medical students. We also conducted scanning electron microscopy to examine the hair strength and structure before and after hair coloring process. Injury of hair and hair bulb, contact dermatitis, turbid eyes, xerophthalmia, and poor visual acuity were the main symptoms complained after hair coloring (p<0.05). Injury of hair and hair bulb were increased by frequency of hair-dryer use(p<0.05). In open patch test, pruritus was complanined by more than half of the subjects. Mean strength of hairs before and after hair coloring was as follows; 134.5 (SD 10.37)g before hair coloring, 128.0 (SD 30.69)g immediately after hair coloring, and 112.5 (SD 19.69)g after two days. The scanning electron microscopic findings of hair surface before and after hair coloring showed decreased keratin layer and thinning of the hair. Hair coloring induces injury to hair, its keratin layer, and hair bulb as well as contact dermatitis, turbid eyes, xerophthalmia, and poor visual acuity. Therefore, we think that precaution is needed in use of hair coloring dye. To prevent complications induced by hair coloring dye, it is necessary, especially to those with allergy or skin disorders, to perform skin test before action and avoid hair coloring whenever possible. Longterm health effects of hairdye should be studied and manufacturing companies should try to minimize complications induced by hair coloring dye.

석청(Mad-honey) 복용 후 유발된 부정맥 1예

김용철,김남호,김승환,최준호,박은미,이상재,이은미,유남진,윤경호,오석규,정진원 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 2008 圓光醫科學 Vol.23 No.2

석청에 포함된 grayanotoxin에 의해 독성 작용이 나올 수 있으며, 이러한 독성 작용은 일반적으로 24시간 이내 저절로 회복된다. 최근에 본 저자들은 석청 복용 후 발생한 심실빈맥을 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. 49세 남자가 호흡곤란으로 내원하였으며, 내원당시 분당 40회 정도의 동성 서맥이 관찰되었고, 수액을 투여하던 중 심실 빈맥이 발생하였다. 항부정맥제를 투여 후 정상 동율동으로 전환되었으며, 특별한 이상 없이 4일 후 퇴원하였다. Mad-honey intoxication caused by the consumption of honey producted from the nectar of rhododendrons. The grayanotoxins cause the intoxication. The toxic effects of mad-honey poisoning are rarely fatal and generally last for no more than 24 hours. We experienced one case, a 49 years-old man who presented with dyspnea after ingestion of mad-honey. He showed marked sinus bradycardia with < 40 beats per minute on admission. The cardiac rhythm was changed to ventricular tachycardia immediately. These features resolved completely in 24 hours with continuous infusion of amiodarone(600 mg per day) and fluids. We report the case of intoxication of mad-honey as a presentation of fatal cardiac arrhythmia.