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일체형 완속교반/침전 그물망 압착식 섬유여과장치를 이용한 하수처리장 반류수 내 고농도 인 및 부유물질 처리
김정숙 ( Jeongsook Kim ),김민호 ( Min-ho Kim ),김미란 ( Mi-ran Kim ),장정국 ( Jeong-gook Jang ) 한국화학공학회 2017 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.55 No.6
하수 및 폐수 내 고농도의 인 및 부유물질 제어를 위해 개발한 일체형 완속교반/침전 그물망 압착식 섬유여과시스템을 이용하여 하수처리장의 반류수 내 부유성 고형물 및 인 처리에 적용했을 경우에 따른 성능을 검토하고자 하였다. 6가지 Mode로 실험을 하였으며, 16.7, 33.3, 41.7 및 50.0 ton/day 유량과 Al/P 몰비 2~4의 조건에서 실험을 행하였다. 응집제를 주입하였을 경우에 모두 높은 총인(T-P) 제거 효율을 보였지만 연속운전시간이 7.8 min~11.4 min으로 짧아지는 단점이 생겼다. 이를 극복하기 위해 일체형 완속교반/침전 그물망 압착식 섬유여과시스템을 응집/급속교반/공기주입/완속교반/침전공정 및 여과공정으로 진행 시 연속운전시간이 88.2 min으로 다른 모드로 운전한 결과에 비해 8~11.3배 정도 증가하였다. 역세수량율도 5.4%로 매우 낮게 나타남에 따라 이 공정이 가장 효율적인 처리방안으로 평가되었다. An integrated slow mixing/sedimentation and net fit fiber filtration system has been developed to reduce the high concentrations of suspended solid (SS) and total phosphorus (T-P) in the reject water from sewage/wastewater. A filtration device used in this experiment consists of coagulation, in-line mixing, air injection, slow mixing/sedimen-tation, and filtration processes. The performance test using this device was carried out with six operational modes for reject water from sewage treatment plant. Experimental conditions used were 16.7, 33.3, 41.7 and 50.0 ton/day of flow rate and 2~4 of Al/P molar ratio. By injection of coagulant in each operational mode, the high removal efficiencies of SS and T-P were obtained, but continuous operation time was decreased to 7.8~11.4 min in most modes. However, when the Mode 5 of the developed filtration device was applied, the continuous operation time was maintained up to 88.2 min. Also, it was found that the continuous operation time in the Mode 5 using the developed system was increased from 8 to 11.3 times longer than those in other modes. Backwashing flow rate was also very low at 5.4% of total filtered water. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Mode 5 of the developed filtration system was the most efficient treatment method for the removal of high concentrations of SS and T-P.
( Hee Geun Park ),( Deog Jo Jung ),( Jun Hyun Jeong ),( Jong Kui Jun ),( A Ram Yoon ),( Young Ran Lee ),( Kyung Eun Min ),( Myung Hwa Kim ),( Kwang Moo Lee ),( Wang Lok Lee ) 한국운동영양학회 2013 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.17 No.1
This study investigated the effect of aerobic exercise training on immune cell proliferation and inflammatory cytokine production in the spleen of high fat diet-induced obese mice. C57B1J6 male mice (4 weeks aged. n20) were fed a high fat diet (45% fat) for 5 weeks so that obesity was led intentionally. Then, these obese mice were divided into 2 groups: control group (CON. n10) or exercise group (EXE, n=l0). EXE performed treadmill running for 30-60 min/day at 10-22 m/min, 0% grade, five times per week for 8 weeks. After 13 weeks, all the splenocyte was collected and Con A (Concanvalin A 10 ㎍/ml) was used to stimulate the cell proliferation. MTS and BIOPLEX assay were used for cell proliferation and cytokine production. Independent t-test was used and a p-value under 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. In the results, body weight, IL-2 and IL-6 production were significantly reduced and Splenocyte proliferation was significantly increased after 8 weeks of exercise training. These findings suggest that aerobic exercise training has a positive effect for improving the obese-induced immune dysfunction.
( Min Jung Kim ),( Joo Ran Hong ),( Hye In Cheon ),( Min Seok Hur ),( Byung Gon Choi ),( Song Hee Han ),( Hae Jeong Youn ),( Yang Won Lee ),( Yong Beom Choe ),( Kyu Joong Ahn ) 대한피부과학회 2017 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.69 No.2
Background: Botulinum toxin (BTX) has been used cosmetic purpose for more than a decade with good clinical efficacy and tolerable safety. Recently, there are reports that intradermal BTX could be effective in the treatment in facial erythema and skin rejuvenation. Objectives: This randomized, double-blinded, placebocontrolled, split-face study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of intradermal BTX on cheek in rosacea patients with facial erythema. Methods: This randomized, double-blinded, placebocontrolled, split-face study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of intradermal BTX on cheek in rosacea patients with facial erythema. Results: GAIS score by subjects and investigators were significantly higher in BTX-treated side. The erythema index decreased in the BTX-treated side at week 4 and week 8 and skin elasticity was improved in the BTX-treated side at week 2 and week 4. In addition, hydration of skin was also improved at week 2, week 4 and week 8. However, TEWL and melanin index did not show difference compare to the NS-treated side. Conclusion: Intradermal BTX injection improved not only erythema but also skin hydration level and elasticity. This study found that the intradermal BTX injection enable to reduce the erythema and rejuvenate the skin effectively and safely.
Lipopolysaccharide alleviates liver injury induced by thioacetamide in rats
( Jeong Ran Park ),( Eun Jeong Kim ),( Jung Won Yang ),( Han Byeol Lee ),( Seok Ho Hong ),( Seung Koo Lee ),( In Bum Seo ),( Se Min Ryu ),( Sung Joon Cho ),( Heung Myong Woo ),( Sung Min Park ),( Se R 한국예방수의학회 2013 예방수의학회지 Vol.37 No.3
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major of outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria and one of the most potent microbial initiators of inflammation. From the previous study showed that exposure to a low dose of LPS renders animals tolerant to a lethal dose of LPS, and protects against the toxicity of various chemicals. However, the effects of LPS treatment in thioacetamide (TA) - induced liver injury remain largely unknown. Liver injury caused by various toxic chemicals such as carbon tetrachloride, alcohol, dimethylnitrosamine. Here, we induced rat liver injury by intraperitoneal injection of TA, a representative hepatic fibrosis inducer. In this study, we investigated the effects of LPS in TA group, LPS group, LPS/TA group and vehicle control group on Sprague-Dawely rats (five rats for each group). All rats at the end of the experiment were sacrificed, and liver and serum were obtained. Serological analysis and hematoxylin and eosin staining showed that LPS/TA co-treatment was associated with decrease of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and totalbilirubin and fibrosis than in TA-treated rats. RT-PCR showed that the levels of IL-6 and Cox2 mRNA were lower in the liver of LPS/TA-cotreated rats than in TA-treated rats. There were no significant differences ALT, ALP, AST, total-bilirubin, IL-6 and Cox2 between vehicle control and LPS-treated rats. These results imply that LPS/TA cotreatment partially alleviates the TA-induced liver injury of rats by reducing inflammatory response.
Soft Magnetic Composites: Basics and Methods to Minimize Core Loss
Min-Sun Jang,Bonuk Koo,Jong-Min Park,Hea-Ran Kim,Young-Tae Kwon,Sangsun Yang,Jae Won Jeong 한국자기학회 2021 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.31 No.2
Soft magnetic composite (SMC) which can produce an innovative 3-dimensional core has been much attraction as the potential in various electrical machinery fields because of their superior soft magnetic properties such as a high magnetic permeability and a low core loss at a high frequency range. In general, SMC is composed of Fe-based ferromagnetic particles, and the surface of the iron particles is covered with an inorganic or organic insulation layer. It is possible to improve the surface resistance and thus form an insulated space between them, which can remarkably reduce the eddy-current losses. SMC is generally used as a part of a machine, but in the case of some electric machines, the need for developing high-strength SMC parts is being raised against the material is damaged by fatigue due to exposure to continuous vibration or external shock. There is a method to develop high-strength SMC by the densification of the surface insulating materials through annealing at high temperature (600 °C~1000 °C). However, in general, there is a disadvantage in that insulation is weakened after annealed at high temperature, so an evaluation is necessary to secure both strength characteristics and insulation coating layer retention. Herein, SMC with different inorganic coating materials which is well-known to withstand at high temperature; SiO₂, MgO, and PO₄ and stacking layer; mono or double parameters have been considered for magnetic characterization. All of the coated iron particles were prepared by a chemical sol-gel method, and the thickness of the formed coating layer was confirmed to be 500-600 nm on average through a scanning electron microscope and an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer. Based on the excellent insulating layer condition (i.e. mono-layers and double-layers, @SiO₂@MgO and @MgO@SiO₂), the core loss evaluation were conducted at high temperature (> 600 °C). Toroidal cores with an outer/inner diameter of 25/15 mm and a thickness of 3 mm were manufactured by cold pressing under a pressure of 500 MPa and then annealed for 1 h at 600 °C, 700 °C, 800 °C, and 900 °C, respectively, in Ar atmosphere to figure out the retention of insulation layer. As a result, as the annealing temperature increased, the core loss with phosphating layer rapidly increased at 1 kHz and 1T because it was carbonized and lost above 650 °C. As compared to the phosphating layer, on the other hand, the SMCs coated with SiO₂ or MgO or double layers annealed at 800 °C exhibited higher retained flux density as well as a significantly low increasing rate of core loss as the frequency and external magnetic field strength increased (at 0.05~1 kHz and 0.3~1 T). This work might be offered a noticeable ideal to design inorganic insulation layer for SMC applications under the high temperature atmospheres.
( Min Jung Kim ),( Joo Ran Hong ),( Hye In Cheon ),( Min Seok Hur ),( Byung Gon Choi ),( Song Hee Han ),( Hae Jeong Youn ),( Yang Won Lee ),( Yong Beom Choe ),( Kyu Joong Ahn ) 대한피부과학회 2017 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.69 No.2
Background: Scalp seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is a common disease of the scalp characterized by flaking and itching of the skin. Conventional treatment options such as topical corticosteroids and antifungal agents may cause adverse effects and lower user satisfaction; thus, it is important to explore other treatments for SD. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new-formula shampoo containing extract of Rosa centifolia petals, epigallocatechin gallate, zinc pyrithione and climbazole. Methods: Fifty patients with SD were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups, a new-formula shampoo treated group and a 1.5% ciclopirox olamine shampoo treated group. The clinical severity scores, sebum secretion, and inflammatory cytokines were assessed. The patients’ satisfaction was also assessed by a questionnaire. Results: The new-formula shampoo showed comparable efficacy to ciclopirox in reducing the clinical severity score and decreasing sebum secretion. The patients’ improvement scores and user satisfaction were higher in the new shampoo group. IL-1β and IL-8 were decreased and on the contrary, IL-10 was increased after 4 weeks shampoo treatment. Conclusion: This new-formula shampoo could be a therapeutic option for treatment of patients with SD.
Translational Attenuation and mRNA Stabilization as Mechanisms of erm(B) Induction by Erythromycin
Min, Yu-Hong,Kwon, Ae-Ran,Yoon, Eun-Jeong,Shim, Mi-Ja,Choi, Eung-Chil American Society for Microbiology 2008 Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Vol.52 No.5
<B>ABSTRACT</B><P>Translational attenuation has been proposed to be the mechanism by which the <I>erm</I>(B) gene is induced. Here, we report genetic and biochemical evidence, obtained by using erythromycin as the inducing antibiotic, that supports this hypothesis. We also show that erythromycin increases the level of the <I>erm</I>(B) transcript by stalling the ribosome on the leader mRNA and thereby facilitating the stabilization and processing of the mRNA. Erythromycin-induced mRNA stabilization and processing were observed with an ochre stop at codons 11 to 13 of the leader but not with an ochre stop at codon 10. This suggests that erythromycin does not stall the ribosome before codon 11 of the leader reaches the aminoacyl site. Secondary structure analyses of the <I>erm</I>(B) transcripts by in vitro and in vivo chemical probing techniques identified conformational changes in the transcripts that result from induction by erythromycin. These findings demonstrate that stalling of erythromycin-bound ribosomes at leader codon 11 causes the refolding of mRNA into a conformation in which the translational initiation site for the structural gene is unmasked and renders <I>erm</I>(B) translationally active.</P>